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# The Laws of Thermodynamics ## Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics If two thermodynamic systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. ## First Law of Thermodynamics The change in internal energy of a system is equal to the heat added to the...

# The Laws of Thermodynamics ## Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics If two thermodynamic systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. ## First Law of Thermodynamics The change in internal energy of a system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system: $\Delta U = Q - W$ Where: * $\Delta U$ is the change in internal energy of the system * $Q$ is the heat added to the system * $W$ is the work done by the system ## Second Law of Thermodynamics The total entropy of an isolated system can only increase over time. $\Delta S \ge 0$ Where: * $\Delta S$ is the change in entropy of the system ## Third Law of Thermodynamics As the temperature approaches absolute zero, the entropy of a system approaches a minimum or zero value.