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# Carbohydrate, Lipid & Protein ## Sources **Carbohydrates** * Fruits (fructose) * Sugar cane (sucrose) * Milk (lactose) * Cereals, potatoes, bread, noodles (starch) **Lipids** * Meat, butter, egg yolk * Corn oil, olive oil * Margarine ## Major Functions **Carbohydrates** * **Energy source:*...

# Carbohydrate, Lipid & Protein ## Sources **Carbohydrates** * Fruits (fructose) * Sugar cane (sucrose) * Milk (lactose) * Cereals, potatoes, bread, noodles (starch) **Lipids** * Meat, butter, egg yolk * Corn oil, olive oil * Margarine ## Major Functions **Carbohydrates** * **Energy source:** Ribose and deoxyribose are building blocks for nucleic acids (RNA, DNA). Excess carbohydrates are stored as glycogen in skeletal muscles and the liver, or as fat. * **Energy storage:** Carbohydrates are stored as glycogen in skeletal muscles and the liver * **Cellulose:** Cellulose (a type of dietary fiber) helps prevent constipation. **Lipids** * **Energy source:** Phospholipids are a major component of the cell membrane. * **Energy storage:** Excess lipids are stored as adipose tissue, subcutaneous fat (under the skin) or visceral fat (around internal organs). * **Hormone production:** Cholesterol is used to produce certain hormones (sex hormones). * **Vitamin absorption:** Involved in the absorption, transport and storage of fat-soluble vitamins (vitamin A, D). * **Heat insulation:** Acts as a heat-insulating layer to reduce heat loss. * **Protection:** Acts as a shock absorber to protect internal organs. **Note:** A diet high in lipids may increase the risk of diseases such as coronary heart disease and obesity.