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# Electricity Review **Static Electricity:** - Atoms with an even number of protons and electrons are neutral. - Atoms with an imbalance of protons and electrons are ions. - Static electricity is an imbalance of charge on an object's surface. - This imbalance occurs when electrons shift position d...

# Electricity Review **Static Electricity:** - Atoms with an even number of protons and electrons are neutral. - Atoms with an imbalance of protons and electrons are ions. - Static electricity is an imbalance of charge on an object's surface. - This imbalance occurs when electrons shift position due to a nearby charged object. **Friction:** - Occurs when two different neutral objects are rubbed together - Electrons are transferred from one object to another. - One object loses electrons (becomes positive) and the other gains electrons (becomes negative). **Grounding:** - The process of removing excess charge. - Extra electrons are transferred to the ground or a neutral object. **Conductors and Insulators:** - **Conductors:** Allow electrons to flow easily. - **Insulators:** Resist the flow of electrons. **Circuits:** - **Series Circuit:** Electrons follow one path. A break in the circuit stops all loads from working. - **Parallel Circuit:** Multiple paths for electrons to flow. Loads can be on or off independently. **Electric Current:** - **Direct Current (DC):** Electrons flow in one direction. Uses cells or batteries. - **Alternating Current (AC):** Electrons change direction. Uses plugs and outlets. **Current, Voltage, and Resistance:** - **Current (I):** The rate of electron flow, measured in amperes (A). Measured in series. - **Voltage (V):** Measures the electrical potential difference, measured in volts (V). Measured in parallel. - **Resistance (R):** Opposes the flow of electrons, measured in ohms (Ω). Measured in series.