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## Hypertensive LES - Elevated basal pressure of the LES with normal relaxation and normal propulsion in the esophageal body - Tx: myotomy vs. Botulinum toxin* ## Secondary Esophageal Motility Disorders - Collagen vascular diseases: progressive systemic sclerosis, polymyositis and dermatomyositis...

## Hypertensive LES - Elevated basal pressure of the LES with normal relaxation and normal propulsion in the esophageal body - Tx: myotomy vs. Botulinum toxin* ## Secondary Esophageal Motility Disorders - Collagen vascular diseases: progressive systemic sclerosis, polymyositis and dermatomyositis, mixed connective tissue disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc. - Chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo obstruction - Neuromuscular diseases - Endocrine and metastatic disorders ## Esophageal motility disorders ### Primary esophageal motility disorders - Achalasia, "vigorous" achalasia - Diffuse and segmental esophageal spasm - Nutcracker esophagus - Hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter - Nonspecific esophageal motility disorders ### Secondary esophageal motility disorders - Collagen vascular diseases: progressive systemic sclerosis, polymyositis and dermatomyositis, mixed connective tissue disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc. - Chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudoobstruction - Neuromuscular diseases - Endocrine and metastatic disorders *** "baka matching type ito / elimination/ except, basahin niyo"