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# The Beginning of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain **1. The Great Britain's Industrial Revolution** - In the 18th century, population growth and agricultural transformations, alongside changes in production methods, banking, commerce, and transportation, spurred industrial and technolog...

# The Beginning of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain **1. The Great Britain's Industrial Revolution** - In the 18th century, population growth and agricultural transformations, alongside changes in production methods, banking, commerce, and transportation, spurred industrial and technological advancement. - These changes across various sectors of the economy and society were revolutionary. - Starting around 1760, Great Britain became a hub for textile and iron industries. This is known as the First Industrial Revolution. - The process spread to other countries later. - Around 1870, a second phase of the Industrial Revolution began, the so-called Second Industrial Revolution. **2. Demographic Growth** - Until the 18th century, the English population grew slowly because, despite high birth rates, mortality rates were also high. - During the second half of the 18th century, there was significant and sustained population growth. - Birth rates remained high, but death rates decreased, attributed to factors like: - Improved nutrition due to advancements in agriculture and new food sources like potatoes. - Better health habits. - Developments in medicine, including Edward Jenner's 1796 discovery of the smallpox vaccine, and enhanced hygiene practices, like better sanitation and increased access to clean water, leading to lower infection rates. - Reduced mortality rates led to a higher demand for agricultural and industrial products, in turn creating a wider job market. **3. Population Evolution in England** *A graph is included showing the evolution of the population in England, from 1700 to 1780. The graph displays lines representing birth rate and mortality rate over time.* **Further Considerations** - The text also includes prompts for further analysis, such as examining the decline in birth rate after 1750, the crop rotation system, and its effect on livestock farming. **Source:** The document is a part of a larger text, such as a textbook or study guide, and contains information about the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain.