Unit 3: Domain and Challenges in IoT PDF

Chapter 3:Domain and Challenges in IOT Prepared By: Ankita Renuka Fundamentals of IOT with Python (09CE1506) Diploma Studies Computer Engineering Content Home automation Industry applications Environment applications Other IOT applications Raspberry Pi Dif...

Chapter 3:Domain and Challenges in IOT Prepared By: Ankita Renuka Fundamentals of IOT with Python (09CE1506) Diploma Studies Computer Engineering Content Home automation Industry applications Environment applications Other IOT applications Raspberry Pi Difference Between Raspberry Pi and Arduino Challenges in IOT  Domain Specific IOT Home Automation Agriculture Cities Industry Environment Health & Lifestyle Energy Retail Logistics Home Automation IOT applications for smart homes: Smart Lighting Smart Appliances Intrusion Detection Smoke / Gas Detectors Home Automation ❑ Smart Lighting Saves Energy ( Dimming, switch on/off ) LED lights / IP based lights (remotely controlled) Senses movements Adapt on ambience, adjust luminary brightness ❑Smart Appliances Managing / Controlling Smart - Thermostat, Refrigerator, TV Open Remote ❑Intrusion Detection Uses security camera, PIR sensors and more. Raises alert (also uses cloud)in form of Email/SMS. Geo location can be used, neighbor/police can be informed. Image processing & UPNP used ❑Smoke / Gas Detectors Can detect the presence of harmful gases A smart gas/smoke detector can raise alert in human voice/Email/SMS Environment Weather monitoring Air pollution monitoring Noise pollution monitoring Forest fire detection River flood detection ❑Weather Monitoring can collect data from no’ of sensors (temp, humidity,pressure) send data to cloud ( analyzed visualized ) Alert can be sent to subscribers Air Pi(The Air Pi is a project that integrates a Raspberry Pi with a variety of sensors to monitor air quality and environmental parameters. While it is not specifically designed just for weather monitoring, it can certainly be used in this context as it allows you to measure environmental factors that are related to weather conditions, such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, and air quality.) The "Air Pi" name typically refers to a project or a setup involving a Raspberry Pi-based weather station that includes sensors for monitoring various atmospheric and environmental variables. ❑Air Pollution Monitoring Monitor emission of harmful gases. data can be analyzed for pollution check. distributed monitoring for real time. system can have microcontroller, sensors, gprs modem and GPS. ❑Noise Pollution Monitoring Noise pollution hazard – sleep disruption, stress etc Noise maps can help in urban planning and policies. Noise monitoring station placed at different places. Data is collected, aggregated and noise maps is generated. ❑Forest Fire Detection Several reason of of fire, early detection can help in minimizing damage. Node deployed, collect ambient condition like temperature, humidity, light level etc. Implemented using ANN. ❑River Flood Detection Result of continuous rainfall Early warning by monitoring water level and flow rate. Using Ultrasonic and velocity(Speeding in specific direction) sensors. Data is aggregated, video is also used sometimes. Ultrasonic Sensor Work Industry ❑ Machine Prognosis Refers to predicting the performance of machine. By analyzing data of current condition and normal operating system condition. ❑ Machine Diagnosis Refers to determining the cause of machine fault IOT plays important role. Sensors can monitor operating conditions of machine. Collection and analysis of huge machine sensor data. Proposed methodologies for reliability and fault prediction (CBR) Industry ❑ Case based reasoning ( organized cases) Method to find solutions to new problems using past experience Since high dimensional data, data reduction and feature extraction is used. ❑ Indoor air quality monitoring For health and safety. CO, NO, NO2 causes serious health problems. IOT based gas monitoring system using various sensors. Hazardous zones can be identified Raspberry Pi A small, fully functional single-board computer (SBC) that runs a full operating system, typically Linux- based (e.g., Raspberry Pi OS). It is capable of running complex programs, connecting to the internet, and performing a wide variety of tasks. Raspberry Pi is defined as a minicomputer the size of a credit card that is interoperable with any input and output hardware device like a monitor, a television, a mouse, or a keyboard – effectively converting the set-up into a full-fledged PC at a low cost. Difference between Raspberry Pi and Arduino No Specification Arduino Raspberry Pi 1 Definition A microcontroller platform designed A small, fully functional single-board computer for interfacing with sensors, motors, (SBC) that runs a full operating system. and other electronic components. 2 Processing Power Limited to processing simpler tasks in Typically uses ARM-based multi-core real-time, typically at lower speeds. processors (e.g., quad-core ARM Cortex-A72 in Raspberry Pi 4).Can handle high-level tasks like image processing, web browsing, and multimedia. 3 Cost It is cheaper in cost. While Raspberry Pi is expensive. 4 CPU CPU architecture: 8 bit. CPU architecture: 64 bit. 5 Memory Has a small amount of flash memory Has RAM (e.g., 2GB, 4GB, or 8GB on (e.g., 32KB for Arduino Uno) to store Raspberry Pi 4).Storage is provided via your program. microSD card. 6 Power Uses less power (typically 5V or 3.3V, Requires more power (typically 5V, 2.5A or depending on the model). higher depending on the model).  No Specification Arduino Raspberry Pi 7 I/O Connectivity Has a wide variety of digital and analog I/O Has USB ports, HDMI output, Ethernet pins (e.g., 14 digital pins, 6 analog pins on port, and Wi-Fi/Bluetooth (on most the Arduino Uno) specifically designed for models), allowing you to connect interfacing with sensors, actuators, and peripherals such as keyboards, mice, other electronics. displays, and more. 8 Uses Some of the applications of Arduino are Some of the applications of Raspberry Pi traffic light countdown timer , Weighing are Stop motion cameras , Robot machines , etc. Controllers , Game Servers. 9 Family The control unit of Raspberry Pi is from Control unit of the Arduino is from the At the ARM(Advanced RISC Machine) mega family. family. Challenges in IOT Security Interoperability Power Consumption Data Management and Analysis Cost and Maintenance Ethical Concern Connectivity