IoT Applications and Technologies PDF

Wireless Mobile & Multimedia Networking (7COM1076) Internet of Things (part 1) Dr Hannan Xiao Email: [email protected] 1  Overview ◼ IoT Applications ◼ IoT Architecture ◼ IoT Elements 2  What are IoT? ◼ What are...

Wireless Mobile & Multimedia Networking (7COM1076) Internet of Things (part 1) Dr Hannan Xiao Email: [email protected] 1  Overview ◼ IoT Applications ◼ IoT Architecture ◼ IoT Elements 2  What are IoT? ◼ What are “things”? “Things” are any physical objects that have the ability of sensing the environment and transmitting the sensed data to the Internet and receiving data from the Internet. So the “things” are smart. 3 Applications of IoT 4 Smart Home 5 Smart Home Definition 6 Wearable IoT a technology that is wore on the human body 7 Smart City 8  Smart City Definition ◼ “A Smart City is a system that enhances human and social capital wisely using and interacting with natural and economic resources via technology-based solutions and innovation to address public issues and efficiently achieve sustainable development and a high quality of life on the basis of a multi-stakeholder, municipally based partnership”, defined by Fernandez-Anez (2016) ◼ Fernandez-Anez, V. (2016), Stakeholders Approach to Smart Cities: A Survey on Smart City Definitions, Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 157–167. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39595-116 9 Market Opportunity 10  Overview ◼ IoT Applications ◼ IoT Architecture ◼ IoT Elements 11 Architectures of IoT 12  Object Layer ◼ Also called the Perception Layer ◼ Representing the physical sensors and actuators ◼ Querying data on location, temperature, weight, vibration, acceleration, humidity, etc. ◼ Generating the big data of IoT 13  Object Abstraction Layer ◼ Transfer data from the lower layer (the Object Layer) to the upper layer (the Service Management Layer) via secure channels. ◼ Use technologies such as RFID, Cellular systems (3G/4G/5G, GSM, UMTS), WiFi, Bluetooth, Infrared, ZigBee ◼ Include cloud computing and data management processes 14  Application Layer ◼ Various applications we already talked about ◼ Smart vehicles, smart school, smart market, smart industry, smart transportation, smart healthcare, smart agriculture, smart home, smart building, etc. 15  Business Layer ◼ Manage the overall IoT system activities and services ◼ Build a business module, graphs, flowcharts, etc. based on the received data from the Application Layer ◼ Support decision-making processes based on Big Data analysis ◼ Monitor and manage the underlying four layers 16  Overview ◼ IoT Applications ◼ IoT Architecture ◼ IoT Elements 17  IoT Elements ◼ Identification ◼ Sensing ◼ Communication ◼ Services ◼ Semantics ◼ Can we mimic it to a human body? 18  Identification ◼ Hi, I am Rosie! ◼ Crucial for the IoT to name and match services with their demand ◼ Ex. Electronic product codes (EPC) ◼ IPv4 addresses and IPv6 addresses 19 Sensing ◼ Gather data from related objects and send it back to a data warehouse, database, or cloud. 20  Communication ◼ Various technologies, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, RFID, NFC, 5G ◼ Various systems and protocols 21 RFID System 22  RFID Components Radio signal transponder (tag) a chip to store the unique identity of the object an antenna to allow the chip to communicate with the tag reader using radio waves. Tag reader The tag reader generates a radio frequency field to identify objects through reflected radio waves of the tag. How RFID works (1) Sending the tag’s number to the tag reader using radio waves (2) the reader passes that number to a specific computer application called the Object-Naming Services (ONS). An ONS looks up the tag’s details from a database such as when and where it was manufactured. 23  Computation ◼ The brain’s computational ability ◼ Hardware: Microcontrollers, microprocessors, SoCs, FPGAs, Arduino, Raspberry PI, Gadgeteer ◼ Operating systems: RTOS such as Contiki, TinyOS, LiteOS ◼ Cloud Platforms such as the free tier of Google Cloud Platform and AWS (Amazon Cloud Plateform) 24  Services ◼ Various applications we already talked about ◼ Smart vehicles, smart school, smart market, smart industry, smart transportation, smart healthcare, smart agriculture, smart home, smart building, etc. 25 A Triade of IoT Services 26  Semantics ◼ Extract knowledge smartly by different machines to provide the required services. ◼ Discover and use resources, model information ◼ Recognise and analyse data for decision making ◼ Represent the brain by sending demands to the right resources 27  Semantics Technologies ◼ Resource Description Framework (RDF) ◼ Web Ontology Language (OWL) 28  Reference ◼ A. Al-Fuqaha, M. Guizani, M. Mohammadi, M. Aledhari and M. Ayyash, "Internet of Things: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Protocols, and Applications," in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 2347-2376, Fourth quarter, 2015. 29