Mechanisms of Evolution PDF

1/24 Bell Work C- Voice level…2 H- Need help? Ask a classmate 1.What is natural A- Activity! bellwork selection? 2.What is M- Movement: None once you get to your seat...

1/24 Bell Work C- Voice level…2 H- Need help? Ask a classmate 1.What is natural A- Activity! bellwork selection? 2.What is M- Movement: None once you get to your seat speciation? P- Participation. Independent work Daily Reminders NOVA tree of Life LATE due yesterday ○ Corrections: complete any missing or incorrect questions to bring your grade up to a 70 Evolution & Taxonomy Unit Test: Tuesday, January 30th Vocabulary Quiz Monday, January 29th EOC: April 24th  Today’s Objective Learn about Mechanisms of Evolution: Mutation, Gene flow, Genetic Drift, Artificial Selection, and non-random mating.  Mechanism of Evolution: Mutations Mutation: Production of new alleles A mutation occurs during gamete production in one of the individuals.  Mechanisms of Evolution: Mutations ○Real-World Examples: Japanese Mutant Butterfly http://www.livescience.com/22353-mutant-bu tterflies-japan-fukushima-disaster.html http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2010-1 2/japanese-mutant-mouse-tweets-bird Mechanism of Evolution: Gene Flow Gene Flow: A few organisms from a neighboring population move into the area and begin breeding  Mechanisms of Evolution: Genetic Drift Genetic Drift: random changes in allele frequencies  Mechanisms of Evolution: Artificial Selection Artificial Selection: the process of selection under human direction  Mechanisms of Evolution: Non-Random Mating Non-Random Mating: Only certain individual organisms can mate; gene pool is small due to these organisms producing more offspring with only their genes  PATTERNS OF EVOLUTION What is microevolution? Evolution on a small scale within a single population over a small amount of time. Caused by five things: Mutation Gene flow Genetic drift Selective breeding Random mating  Part 2 analyze and evaluate the effects of other evolutionary mechanisms in macroevolution  MACROEVOLUTION What is Large scale macroevolutio evolutionary n? patterns and processes occurring over long periods of time Transcends the boundaries of a single species  MACROEVOLUTION What are the 1. Extinction important 2. Adaptive radiation topics in macroevolutio 3. Convergent n? evolution 4. Coevolution 5. Punctuated equilibrium 6. Changes in developmental genes  EXTINCTION Why is extinction Several times in important? Earth’s history, mass extinctions wiped out ecosystems During these events, many species became extinct Other species took advantage of ecological opportunities as habitats opened up This produced a burst of evolution  ADAPTIVE RADIATION What is adaptive When a single radiation? species or group of species evolve through natural selection into diverse forms that live in different ways  ADAPTIVE RADIATION What are some Darwin’s finches examples? Wild mustard variations  CONVERGENT EVOLUTION What is convergent Unrelated organisms evolution? in similar environments evolve What are some to look remarkably examples? similar to each other Similarities between Australian marsupials and placental mammals Similarity in form between dolphins and sharks  COEVOLUTION What is Two species evolve in coevolution? response to changes in each other over time Plants develop pollination What are some methods that take examples? advantage of insect feeding adaptations, and vice versa  PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM What is punctuated “Rapid” evolution equilibrium? after long periods of equilibrium – often occurs due to isolated populations, migrations, or mass extinctions  DEVELOPMENTAL GENES What is meant by Homologous changes in control genes serve developmental similar functions in genes? animals that have not shared a common ancestor in millions of years 1/24 Assignment Answer the following questions at the bottom of pg. 19. 1.What is gene flow? 2.What is a gene pool? 3.Draw a picture of genetic drift. 4.How does genetic drift affect biodiversity? 5.Using the picture to the left, draw this model on your red big idea