8-STAGES OF NURSING EXPERTISE FROM NOVICE TO EXPERT-PATRICIA BENNER.pdf

Patricia Benner Novice to Expert - Nursing Theorist Background: Born in Hampton, Virginia, and spent her childhood in California. Earned her Bachelor of Arts degree in nursing from Pasadena College in 1964. She was given a Master of Science in Medical- Surgical Nursing fro...

Patricia Benner Novice to Expert - Nursing Theorist Background: Born in Hampton, Virginia, and spent her childhood in California. Earned her Bachelor of Arts degree in nursing from Pasadena College in 1964. She was given a Master of Science in Medical- Surgical Nursing from the University of California at San Francisco in 1970, and a Ph.D. from the University of California at Berkeley in 1982.  Benner’s Stages of Nursing Expertise Nursing Philosophies Has a wide range of clinical experience including positions in Medical – Surgical, Critical Care and home health care. Became a post graduate nurse researcher in the School of Nursing at UCSF. A professor at the Department of Physiological Nursing at UCSF and tenured professor in professor at the Department of Physiological Nursing at UCSF and tenured professor in 1989  Benner’s Stages of Nursing Expertise Nursing Philosophies She was the first occupant of the Thelma Shobe Cook Endowed Chair in Ethics and Spirituality. She is currently a Distinguished Visiting Professor at Seattle University School of Nsg. Recipient of numerous honors and awards, the most recent being induction into the Danish Nursing Society as an Honorary Member, and the Sigma Theta Tau International Book Author award.  Benner’s Stages of Nursing Expertise Nursing Philosophies She was honored with 1984, 1989, 1996, and 1999 American Journal of Nursing Book of the Year awards for From Novice to Expert: Excellence and Power in Clinical Nursing Practice (1984a), for Interpretive Phenomenology in Health Care Research (Chan, Brykczynski, Malone, & Benner, 2010).  Benner’s worked in the nursing field: Head Nurse of the Coronary Care Unit at the Kansas City General Hospital Intensive Care Staff Nurse at the Stanford University Hospital and Medical Center. From 1970 until 1975, she was a Research Associate at the University of California at San Francisco School of Nursing  Research Assistant to Richard S. Lazarus at the University of California at Berkeley From 1979 until 1981, she was the Project Director at the San Francisco Consortium/University of San Francisco.  Benner’s Stages of Nursing Expertise Nursing Philosophies In the acquisition and development of a skill, a nurse passes through five levels of proficiency: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert.  Stage 1: Novice (Kozier 2016) No experience (e.g., nursing student). Performance is limited, inflexible, and governed by context-free rules and regulations rather than experience.  Stage 2: Advanced Beginner Demonstrates marginally acceptable performance. Recognizes the meaningful “aspects” of a real situation. Has experienced enough real situations to make judgments about He/she is efficient and skillful in parts of the practice area, requiring occasional supportive cues.  Stage 3: Competent Has 2 or 3 years of experience. Demonstrates organizational and planning abilities. Differentiates important factors from less important aspects of care. Coordinates multiple complex care demands  Stage 4: Proficient Has 3 to 5 years of experience. Perceives situations as wholes rather than in terms of parts, as in Stage II. Uses maxims as guides for,what to consider in a situation. Has holistic understanding of the client, which improves decision making. Focuses on long-term goals.  Stage 5: The Expert Performance is fluid, flexible, and highly proficient; no longer requires rules, guidelines, or maxims to connect an understanding of the situation to appropriate action. Demonstrates highly skilled intuitive and analytic ability in new situations. Is inclined to take a certain action because “it felt right.”