Innovative Low-Carbon Energy Conversion Systems CHEG 403 Fall 2024 PDF

Innovative Low-Carbon Energy Conversion Systems CHEG 403 – Fall 2024 6 - Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) systems Faisal Abdulla AlMarzooqi WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2024 2 ku.ac.ae Carbon Sequestration...

Innovative Low-Carbon Energy Conversion Systems CHEG 403 – Fall 2024 6 - Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) systems Faisal Abdulla AlMarzooqi WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2024 2 ku.ac.ae Carbon Sequestration Sequestration falls into two general categories: 1. Indirect sequestration: it does not require human controlled manipulation of CO2; instead, natural processes, such as the uptake of CO2 by living organisms, are fostered so as to accumulate CO2 at a greater rate than would otherwise have occurred. 2. Direct (or active) sequestration: entails the deliberate human-controlled separation of CO2 from other by-products of combustion and transfer to some non-atmospheric reservoir for permanent or quasipermanent storage. 3 ku.ac.ae Indirect Carbon Sequestration Forest-based sequestration can be carried out either through afforestation, or planting of forests in terrain where none previously existed (in recent history), or reforestation, or replanting of forests that have been recently lost. 4 ku.ac.ae Indirect Carbon Sequestration The Photosynthesis Reaction: The Core Process of Indirect Sequestration All indirect sequestration involving plants depends on the photosynthesis reaction to convert airborne CO2 along with water into energy that is stored in plant tissue as glucose (C6H12O6) or other compounds for later use. Oxygen is released from the plant as a by-product. The energy comes to the organism in the form of sunlight. The amount of energy required for photosynthesis per molecule of CO2 is 9.47 × 10-19 J. 5 ku.ac.ae Direct Carbon Sequestration Geological Storage of CO2 Geological storage of CO2 (also called geologic storage in the literature) as an option for sequestration entails: 1. Removal of CO2 from the stream of combustion by-products 2. Accumulation in some stable location other than the atmosphere Absorption-regeneration cycle for removing CO2 from flue gas stream. 6 ku.ac.ae Direct Carbon Sequestration Direct Removal of CO2 from Atmosphere for Sequestration – Direct Air Capture (DAC) 7 ku.ac.ae Direct Carbon Sequestration Direct Removal of CO2 from Atmosphere for Sequestration – Direct Air Capture (DAC) 8 ku.ac.ae Direct Carbon Sequestration Direct Removal of CO2 from Atmosphere for Sequestration – Direct Air Capture (DAC) Thank You ku.ac.ae