Plasmodium & Malaria 2021-2022 PDF
Document Details
Uploaded by LuxuryJupiter9279
Warwick
2022
Samuel Dean
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Summary
This document provides an overview of Plasmodium and malaria, covering topics such as learning objectives, the apicomplexan tree of life, malaria epidemiology, and the plasmodium lifecycle. It's a useful resource for learning about the subject.
Full Transcript
Plasmodium andDiseases Neglected Tropic malaria Samuel Dean, Assistant Professor [email protected] HMS 2021 - 2022 Learning objectives By the end of this session you will be able to: U...
Plasmodium andDiseases Neglected Tropic malaria Samuel Dean, Assistant Professor [email protected] HMS 2021 - 2022 Learning objectives By the end of this session you will be able to: Understand that Malaria is caused by different species of plasmodium Understand that the pathology of malaria is linked to their immune evasion via sequestration Understand the plasmodium lifecycle (it is complex!) Understand which human host cells plasmodium colonise Understand how sickle cell anaemia gives rise to plasmodium resistance Understand how chloroquine kills parasites and how parasites have become resistant to chloroquine Apicomplexans on the eukaryotic tree of life Apicomplexans Humans Trypanosomatids The Apicomplexa Six genera infect humans. Plasmodium Malaria Cryptosporidium Diarrhea Isospora Diarrhea Cyclospora Diarrhea Toxoplasma Neurological pathology Babesia Rare zoonotic disease Apicomplexan cell organelles and structures Apicoplast – metabolic organelle in most, but not all apicomplexans (derived from cyanobacteria endosymbiont) Inner membrane complex (IMC) – a series of membrane sacks underlying the plasma membrane Proteins complexes for gliding motility and invasion (glideosome, moving junction complex etc etc) Cytoskeleton: Microtubule corset – extends underneath the apical third of the parasite Alveolin network - intermediate filament-like proteins Actin – required for gliding motility Secretory organelles: Micronemes (motility) Rhoptries (invasion) Dense granules (invasion) Malaria epidemiology 4 Plasmodium species cause human Malaria Plasmodium falciparum Causes most of the deaths 99.7% of African cases All Malaria cases by species 97% of all world-wide cases P. vivax Mixed cases 2% P. vivax 1% usually uncomplicated Causes 75% of cases in Americas ~50% of S. E. Asia cases 2% of all malaria cases P. ovale - usually uncomplicated
