National University Plumbing & Sanitary Systems PDF

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE Cluster Chair: AR. KAOLYNE GRACE C. HILARIO Cluster Heads AR. EMMARIE ROSE V. CRUZ AR. ANNIE C. PUGEDA Cluster Members AR. GENE LAMBERT R. GIRON AR. KA...

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE Cluster Chair: AR. KAOLYNE GRACE C. HILARIO Cluster Heads AR. EMMARIE ROSE V. CRUZ AR. ANNIE C. PUGEDA Cluster Members AR. GENE LAMBERT R. GIRON AR. KAOLYNE GRACE C. HILARIO AR. ANNIE C. PUGEDA AR. VOLTAIRE V. VITUG ABUTLI1S: Building Utilities 1 PLUMBING & SANITARY SYSTEMS  NATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE Joints and Connections ABUTLI1S: Building Utilities 1 PLUMBING & SANITARY SYSTEMS Joints and Connections Caulking (lead and oakum connection): wrapping oakum or hemp around the spigot neck and pouring lead to harden Used for cast iron pipes, plastic pipes, and equivalents Threading: for galvanized iron pipes and fittings, and for other threaded pipe, PVC pipe may be threaded with a special tool. Adhesives: for plastic pipe and fittings  Joints and Connections Rubber Ring Method: inserting rubber gaskets into sleeves; for straight pipe connections Expansion Joints: rubber sealant between pipes to allow for relative movement due to temperature changes.  Joints and Connections Hubless Joints: Hubless pipe ends are wrapped around with neoprene rubber and clamped with steel plates Cement Mortar Joint: for sewer line Prohibited for new connections  Joints and Connections Welding/Soldering: for cast iron pipes and other steel pipe without threads. Method used when connecting pipes and fittings of different materials.  Joints and Connections Fusion Welding: a process that uses heat to join or fuse two or more materials by heating them to melting point. The process may or may not require the use a filler material. Butt Fusion  Joints and Connections Flared Joints: connecting copper and plastic tubes by flaring one end so as to receive a special fitting. Wiped Joint: a soldering joint wiped with cloth so as to shape the joint as required. Joints and Connections Slip Joint: one pipe slips within another, a seal being affected by caulking, gaskets or packing. Common for fixture traps and drains. Flanged Joint: used for connecting fixtures with drainage pipes. Fixtures are connected to floor with screws and bolts and connected to pipes by caulking, soldering, adhesive or threading. REFERENCES NATIONAL PLUMBING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES ILLUSTRATIONS (FROM GOOGLE)  NATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE Cluster Chair: AR. KAOLYNE GRACE C. HILARIO Cluster Heads AR. EMMARIE ROSE V. CRUZ AR. ANNIE C. PUGEDA Cluster Members AR. GENE LAMBERT R. GIRON AR. KAOLYNE GRACE C. HILARIO AR. ANNIE C. PUGEDA AR. VOLTAIRE V. VITUG ABUTLI1S: Building Utilities 1 PLUMBING & SANITARY SYSTEMS  NATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE Fittings ABUTLI1S: Building Utilities 1 PLUMBING & SANITARY SYSTEMS Elbow Pipe sheet metal or conduit fitting having a bend, usually 90 degrees; a 90o elbow, also called “90 bends or 90 ells, SR (short radius) elbow and LR (long radius) elbows SR elbows – center to face dimension of 1.0 x diameter; used in tight areas where clearances are an issue. LR elbows – center to face dimension of 1.5 x diameter; common type and used when space is available, and flow is more critical Street Elbow Has female fitting and male Can be connected directly to another fitting without having to use a pipe nipple Drop Elbow Have lugs on the sides for attaching to a support Tee T-shaped pipe with two outlets, one at 90o to the connection to the main line; for connecting pipes of different diameter; for changing direction of pipe runs. Straight tee – straight-through portion and a 90o takeoff on one side; three openings are of the same size Reducing Tee One of the threaded openings is of different size than the others Reducing tee has two ends the same and one end smaller (the run port is larger than the branch port) Sanitary Tee Used for soil pipe; with a slight curve in the 90o transition to channel flow from a branch line towards the direction of the main flow Side Outlet Tee Side Tee with a minor change that in addition to the three openings, this side outlet tee has one more opening at the plane perpendicular to the tee plane Tapped Tee Bell end tree which has a branch that is tapped to receive a threaded pipe fitting or threaded pipe Bullhead Tee Branch is larger than the other two run openings, the side outlet is the largest socket on the tee and referred as the “bullhead” Cross Tee Connect four pipe sections together Adapter Used to connect pipes of different materials or pipe that require different joining methods; can join a pipe that is threaded to a pipe or tube that is not Female Adapter Male Adapter threaded Wye Similar to tees except that the branch line is angled to reduce friction that could hamper the flow and that the connection is typically at a 45o angle rather than a 90o angle Upright Wye Inverted Wye Wye Similar to tees except that the branch line is angled to reduce friction that could hamper the flow and that the connection is typically at a 45o angle rather than a 90o angle Reducer/Increaser A coupling used to connect a smaller pipe to a larger one, vise versa Coupling/Socket A coupling used to connect a smaller pipe to a larger one, vise versa Shoulder/Open Nipple Short pipe (12 inches or less), with small opening provides way for liquids or gases to pass through the pipe; has male thread on each end used for extension from a fitting Cross Nipple A nipple having no shoulder (i.e., no unthreaded portion) Adapter Used to connect pipes of different materials or pipe that require different joining methods; can join a pipe that is threaded to a pipe or tube that is Male Adapter Female Adapter not threaded Bushing Threaded on both the inside and the outside so that it can be used to connect two pipes (or other fittings) on different sizes Union Patente Used to connect the ends of two pipes, neither which can be turned; consists of three pieces, the two end pieces (having inner threads), which are tightened around the pipe ends to be joined, and a center piece, which draws the two end pieces together as it is rotated, effecting a seal Ground Joint Union Consists of three pieces; commonly has a brass grounding section between the two halves Closet Flange Mounts a toilet to the floor and connects the toilet drain to drainpipe Flange Union Economical, practical and reliable alternative to welded and screwed systems, it joins plain- ended pipe to flange-ended equipment, fittings and valves; comprises three elements –flange, gasket and restrains Plug Threaded pipe fitting with male thread used to close the end of ferrule or a pipe having female threads Cap With a female (inside) thread used like a plug, except that the pipe cap screws on the male thread of a pipe or nipple. Offset Bend A combination of pipes and/or fittings that brings one section of the pipe out of line but into a line parallel with the other section Return Bend Preformed piece of tubing which provides a 180o change in direction REFERENCES NATIONAL PLUMBING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES ILLUSTRATIONS (FROM GOOGLE)  NATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE Cluster Chair: AR. KAOLYNE GRACE C. HILARIO Cluster Heads AR. EMMARIE ROSE V. CRUZ AR. ANNIE C. PUGEDA Cluster Members AR. GENE LAMBERT R. GIRON AR. KAOLYNE GRACE C. HILARIO AR. ANNIE C. PUGEDA AR. VOLTAIRE V. VITUG ABUTLI1S: Building Utilities 1 PLUMBING & SANITARY SYSTEMS  NATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE Pipes ABUTLI1S: Building Utilities 1 PLUMBING & SANITARY SYSTEMS  Cast Iron Soil Pipe Most popular; generally specified materials for drainage installation Durable, conveniently installed (