Fire Hazards - Safety Measures & Emergency Procedures PDF
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Uploaded by GracefulFlugelhorn651
UST Chemical Engineering Department
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Summary
This document covers fire safety, including the fire triangle, causes of fire (both natural and human-made), and fire safety measures. It includes information such as fire drills, steps for before and during a fire, correct use of fire extinguishers, and how to react when your clothes catch fire. Fire prevention is also covered, as are emergency procedures.
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FIRE HAZARDS Learning Objectives: 1. I can recognize elements of the fire triangle in different situations. 2. I can analyze the different causes of fires. 3. I can apply basic response procedures during a fire incident. SPOT THE FIRE HAZARDS FIRE TRIANGLE Fu...
FIRE HAZARDS Learning Objectives: 1. I can recognize elements of the fire triangle in different situations. 2. I can analyze the different causes of fires. 3. I can apply basic response procedures during a fire incident. SPOT THE FIRE HAZARDS FIRE TRIANGLE Fuel to be burned Oxygen to aid in combustion Heat to raise the fuel to its ignition point FIRE TETRAHEDRON Chemical Chain Reaction - A self-sustaining process that keeps the fire burning CAUSES OF FIRE CAUSES OF FIRE Natural Human- made Forest fire during El Niño NATURAL Children playing with a lighter HUMAN-MADE Volcanic Activities NATURAL Unattended grilling of chicken HUMAN-MADE Leakage of LPG HUMAN-MADE Spontaneous Combustion NATURAL Charging of phones on top of the bed HUMAN-MADE Faulty wiring HUMAN-MADE Overheated car engine HUMAN-MADE Lightning NATURAL The common causes of fire can be classified into three main categories: 1. Carelessness and accidents 2. Electrical equipment 3. Smoking or lighting of fire material STAGES OF FIRE STAGES OF FIRE 1. Ignition phase 2. Growth phase 3. Fully-developed phase or free-burning phase 4. Decay phase or burnout phase Graph of the Heat Release Rate and Growth of Fire FIRE SAFETY MEASURES “di bale nang manakawan huwag lang masunugan” BEFORE A FIRE INCIDENT 1. Fire Code of the Philippines of 2008 (RA 9514) a. Fire Safety Inspection & Certification b. Fire Protection Measures (fire exits, fire alarms, sprinkler systems, fire extinguishers, and emergency lighting) c. Prohibited Acts & Penalties Obstructing fire exits, illegal storage of flammable materials, and tampering with fire safety equipment can result in fines or imprisonment. d. Fire Safety Education & Drills 2. Knowing the emergency numbers of your local fire brigade would be of big help in case of an emergency. 3. Be aware of your surroundings. DURING A FIRE INCIDENT When a fire is detected, remember to RACE. Rescue the people who are in immediate danger only if it is safe for you to do so. Activate the alarm or call the emergency number for fire. Confine the area by closing all doors. Evacuate immediately and do not A → "Ash" (ordinary combustibles like wood, paper, cloth) B → "Boil" (flammable liquids like gasoline and oil) C → "Current" (electrical fires involving live wires, panels, and equipment) D → "Dense Metals" (combustible metals like magnesium and titanium) K → "Kitchen" (cooking oils and fats) P A S S EXIT DRILLS AND EVACUATION When you prepare a plan, make sure to identify alternative exits, just in case the first one gets blocked for any unforeseen reason. Remember, once you are already out of the burning structure: NEVER GO BACK!
