Neurovascular System PDF

Neurovascular System  Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Hemisphere & Lobe Function Temporal Lobe Occipital Lobe Other cerebral structures  Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) > anterior circulation to the brain ICA  Vert...

Neurovascular System  Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Hemisphere & Lobe Function Temporal Lobe Occipital Lobe Other cerebral structures  Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) > anterior circulation to the brain ICA  Vertebral Artery (VA) > posterior & vertebral circulation to the brain, brain stem & spinal cord Anterior circulation – ICA to ACA Anterior circulation – ICA to ACA  midline areas of the hypothalamus, frontal lobes, parietal lobes, corpus callosum, cingulate gyrus Left anterior cerebral artery Right anterior cerebral artery Internal carotid art Anterior communicating artery ery Anterior circulation – ICA to ACA Anterior Circulation for ACA ICA > Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) along the longitudinal fissure > midline structures of the hypothalamus, frontal lobes, parietal lobes, corpus callosum, cingulate gyrus R ACA > Anterior Communicating Artery (ACommA) > L ACA to complete the “circle” Anterior circulation – ICA to MCA Anterior circulation – ICA to MCA Lateral fissue  Anterior circulation – ICA to MCA lateral surface of hemispheres Middle cerebral artery basal ganglia Internal carotid a rte ry Anterior Circulation ICA > Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) > basal ganglia, then the lateral surface of frontal, parietal, and temporal hemispheres  diencephalon, occipital & Artery anatomy temporal lobes Posterior Cerebral Artery Basilar Artery Vertebral Artery Subclavian Artery Posterior circulation – SubClA to VA Posterior Cerebral Artery diencephalon, occipital & Basilar Artery temporal lobes Vertebral Artery Subclavian Artery Posterior circulation – SubClA to VA  Posterior Artery anatomy communicating artery Artery anatomy Branches from vertebral and basilar arteries to the cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord Posterior Circulation PCA > diencephalon, occipital & temporal lobes VA > BA (at medulla & pons) > PCA > anterior circulation via PCommA Descending vertebral and basilar branches supply the cerebellum brainstem, and spinal cord.  R ACA L ACA R MCA L MCA ACommA R PCommA Circle of Willis L PCommA R PCA L PCA Artery anatomy Willis’ Purpose Pressure gradients fairly uniform allowing flow in either direction Alternative routes for blood supply Occlusion  R ACA L ACA R MCA L MCA ACommA L ICA R PCommA Circle of Willis L PCommA R PCA L PCA  R ACA L ACA R MCA L MCA ACommA R PCommA Circle of Willis L PCommA R PCA L PCA Basilar  R ACA L ACA R MCA L MCA ACommA R PCommA Circle of Willis L PCommA R PCA L PCA Artery anatomy Spinal Arteries VA branches: 2 Posterior Spinal Artery (PSpA) Anterior Spinal Artery (ASpA) Spinal Arteries Each PSpA > posterolateral sulcus supplying ½ of the posterior 1/3 aspect of spinal cord ASpA > anterior median fissure supplying the anterior 1/3 of the spinal cord PSpA ASpA What would be the potential functional deficits for the following pathologies: Hemorrhage of MCA Occlusion of ACA past ACommA Hemorrhage resulting in frontal lobe damage Hemorrhage of the basilar artery What would be the potential arterial flow disruptions for the following functional deficits: Hemorrhage resulting in poor production of motor function Hemorrhage resulting in poor quality of motor function Hemorrhage resulting in poor comprehension of language