Anatomy Lists (PDF)

Foramen ======= +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 14. | - | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | - -...

Foramen ======= +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 14. | - | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | - - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | - - - - - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | - - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 5. | - - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 6. | - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 7. | - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 8. | - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 9. | - - - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 10. | - - - - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 11. | - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 12. | - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 13. | - - - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[Muscles]** ========================= **[1\] Muscles of facial expression - CN VII]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Orbital GP** | | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | Temporal, zygomatic | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Temporal | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Nasal GP** | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | Buccal | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | Buccal | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 5. | Buccal | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Oral GP** | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 6. | Buccal | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 7. | Buccal | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[2\] Muscles of Mastication - CN Vc]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | CN Vc | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | CN Vc | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | CN Vc | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | CN Vc | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[4\] Oral cavity]** **4.1 Muscles of the tongue** **Intrinsic:** (CN XII) - Superior longitudinal, inferior longitudinal, transverse, vertical **Extrinsic** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | CN XII | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | CN XII | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | CN XII | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | CN X | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **4.2\] Muscles of the floor of the oral cavity** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | CN Vc | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | C1 via CN XII | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ Note: also part of suprahyoid muscles **4.3\] Muscles of the Soft Palate** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 5. | CN Vc | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | CN X | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | CN X | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | CN X | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | CN X | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[5\] Muscles of the Pharynx]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Constrictors | | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | CN X | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | CN X | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | CN X | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Longitudinal | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1. | CN IX | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | CN X | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | CN X | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Sphincters | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1. | CN X | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | CN X | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[6\] Muscles of the Larynx]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **In front of Larynx** | | +===================================+===================================+ | Cricothroid (lengthen) | CN X (superior laryngeal N) | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Behind Larynx** | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1. | CN X (inferior laryngeal N) | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 5. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 6. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 7. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 8. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[7\] Muscles of the neck]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Suprahyoid** | | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | CN VII | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | A(CN Vc) P(CN VII) | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | CN Vc | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | C1 via CN XII | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Infrahyoid** | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 5. | C1-C3 (ansa cervicalis) | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 6. | C1-C3 (ansa cervicalis) | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 7. | C1-C3 (ansa cervicalis) | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 8. | C1 via CN XII | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **Other muscles of the neck** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 5. | C5-C6 | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | C3-C8 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | C6-C8 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | (CN XI) via C2-C3. | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | CN VII | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[8\] Orbital Muscles]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Muscles of the eyelid** | | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | CN III | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | SNS | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Muscles of the eyeball** | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1. | CN III | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | CN III | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | CN VI | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | CN III | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 5. | CN IV | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 6. | CN III | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[9\] Muscles of the ear]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | CN Vc | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | Cn VII | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ Nerves ====== **[1\] Trigeminal Nerve CN V]** **CN Va\] Ophthalmic branch -** Sensory +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | Forehead, scalp, upper eyelid | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | S: medial forehead and upper | | | eyelid | | | | | | PSNS: lacrimal gland | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Medial eyelid, conjunctiva, | | | bridge, tip and ala of the nose | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **CN Vb\] Maxillary branch -** Sensory +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | Upper teeth and maxillary sinus | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | Dura mater of the middle cranial | | | fossa | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Lower eyelid, upper lip and cheek | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | Temple and cheek | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1. | Periosteum of the orbit | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Hard and soft palate | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | nasopharynx | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | Nasal septum and ant hard palate | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **CN Vc\] Mandibular branch** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1. | Dura mater of the middle cranial | | | fossa | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Cheek, buccal mucosa, molars gums | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | External ear, scalp, | | | temporomandibular joint | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | Ant ⅔ of tongue, floor of mouth, | | | gums | | | | | | PSNS: sublingual and | | | submandibular glands | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 5. | Mandibular teeth, lower lip and | | | chin | | | | | | *M: nerve to mylohyoid and ant | | | digastric* | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ PSNS of Chorda tympani branches (CN VII) join the lingual → submandibular ganglion Otic ganglion: receives main from CN IX (lesser petrosal nerve)- this receives branches form auriculotemporal +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1. | Medial pterygoid, | | | | | | tensor veli palatini, tensor | | | tympani | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Lateral pterygoid | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | Masseter | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | Temporalis | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[2\] Facial nerve]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1. | Lacrimal gland, nasal and | | | palatine glands, *mucous glands | | | of the upper resp tract* | | | | | | Goes to pterygopalatine | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Stapedius | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | SS: taste of ant ⅔ of the tongue | | | | | | PSNS: submandibular and | | | sublingual glands | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1. | Auticular M, and post digastric | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Post digastric | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | Stylohoid | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | - - - - - | | | | | - - - - - | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[3\] Oculomotor Nerve CN III]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Levator palpebrae superioris, | | | Superior rectus | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - | Sphincter pupillae , Ciliary | | | muscles | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[4\] Glossopharyngeal Nerve CN IX]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 6. | Mucosa of oropharynx (forms | | | plexus with CN X) | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | Post ⅓ of tongue (general and | | | special sensation) | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Palatine tonsils | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | Otic ganglion | | | | | | (→lesser petrosal →otic ganglion→ | | | auriculotemporal) | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | to carotid body and sinus | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 5. | Stylopharyngeus | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[5\] Vagus nerve CN X]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 5. | Dura of posterior cranial fossa | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | External ear, external auditory | | | canal, part of the tympanic | | | membrane. | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Motor to most M of pharynx (expt | | | Tensor veli palatini) | | | | | | Amd palatoglossus of the | | | infrahyoid muscles. | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | Blood vessels, sweat glands, | | | Dilator pupillae M | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | Muscles of the Larynx | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ Note: The vagus nerves also gives cardiac, thoracic and abdominal branches **[6\] Accessory Nerve CN XI]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Sternocleidomastoid, Trapezius | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | M of the pharynx, Larynx, Soft | | | palate | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[7\] Hypoglossal Nerve CN XII]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | Dura of posterior cranial fossa | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | Infrahyoid muscles: sternohyoid, | | | sternothyroid, and omohyoid | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | intrinsic and extrinsic muscles | | | of the tongue (except the | | | palatoglossus, innervated by CN | | | X). | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ Blood supply ============ **[Arterial supply]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **External carotid A** | | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | Superficial - cheeks, lips, nose, | | | median corner of eye | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Deeper - infratemporal fossa, | | | maxilla and mandible - all teeth, | | | nasal cavity, palatine, inner | | | cheeks. | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | Scalp over temporal region, lat | | | face, parotid gland and duct | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | Posterior scalp some neck muscles | | | (SCM, Cervical muscles) | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 5. | External and middle ear and | | | behind ear | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 6. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 7. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 8. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Internal carotid artery** | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1. | Orbit, eyeball, forehead and nose | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[Venous drainage of the face]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Superficial veins** | | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | Submental, cheeks, lips, eyelids, | | | conjunctiva, forehead and scalp | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Lateral face and deep structures | | | of the face (maxilla) | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | Post the the auricle and external | | | ear | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Deep veins** | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1. | Deep face and infratemporal | | | fossa, maxillary region, pharynx. | | | | | | *Joins: Inferior ophthalmic, | | | cavernous sinus, maxillary | | | (retromandibular), and facial | | | vein* | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Sup and inf *-* orbit, ethmoid | | | sinus, forehead | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ Note for larynx and neck **[Arterial branches of the subclavian ]** Main branch upwards - Thyrocervical Trunk giving off Inferior thyroid artery to the neck strs - the rest - back Fossa and their contents ======================== **[Temporal fossa]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | CN Vc | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | CN Vc | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | From maxillary artery | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | CN Vb | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[Infratemporal fossa]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 6. | | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 5. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **[Pterygopalatine fossa]** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Nerves that don\'t synapse with | | | ganglion** | | +===================================+===================================+ | 1. | sensory | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | SNS | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Nerves into ganglion -** Note: | | | together these form the nerve of | | | the pterygoid canal | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1. | PSNS from CN VII | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | SNS | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Nerves coming out of the | | | ganglion** - Note: these all take | | | sensory back and give ANS to the | | | site | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1. | Palatovaginal canal | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2. | Sphenopalatine foramen | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3. | Greater and lesser palatine | | | canals | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 4. | Inferior orbital fissure | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **Blood supply** **Maxillary artery** Sphenopalatine, infraorbital, posterior superior alveolar artery, pharyngeal artery ----------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Infraorbital vein** (from the pterygoid plexus) Salivary glands innervation =========================== **[Parasympathetic ganglion overview]** +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Ciliary ganglion** | CN III | - | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | **Pterygopalatine | CN VII | - | | ganglion** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Submandibular | | - - | | ganglion** | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Otic ganglion** | CN IX | - | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Parotid gland** | PSNS: CN IX → lesser petrosal | | | (IX) → otic ganglion → | | | auriculotemporal (Vc) → G | | | | | | Sensory: Auriculotemporal (CN Vc) | +===================================+===================================+ | **Submandibular and sublingual | PSNS: CN VII → chorda tympani | | glands** | (VII) → lingual (Vc) | | | →submandibular ganglion → G | | | | | | Sensory: Lingual (CN Vc) | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Note: SNS is the same for all: | | | Upper thoracic segment → superior | | | cervical ganglion → plexus around | | | ICA | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+