TCP/IP & OSI Model Introduction (PDF)

(3) Done Introduction to TCPIP & the OSI Model Exported Notes 1-3-1: Introduction to TCP_IP and the OSI Model At the end of this episode, I will be able to: 1. Identify and explain the importance of the TCP/IP and OSI models, given a scenario. Learner Objective: Identify and explain the importanc...

(3) Done Introduction to TCPIP & the OSI Model Exported Notes 1-3-1: Introduction to TCP_IP and the OSI Model At the end of this episode, I will be able to: 1. Identify and explain the importance of the TCP/IP and OSI models, given a scenario. Learner Objective: Identify and explain the importance of the TCP/IP and OSI models. given a scenario Description: In this episode, the learner will examine the TCP/IP and Open Systems Interconnection Models. We will explore the conceptual layers and importance of each layer. Where did the OSI model come from? ◦ The International Organization for Standardization (ISO), a multinational body dedicated to worldwide standardization. What is the OSI Model? ◦ Open Systems Interconnection Model ◦ A conceptual framework used for standardizing the functions of telecommunication and computing systems Layer Structure ◦ Application Layer (L7) - handles the network services to end-user applications ◦ Presentation Layer (L6) - Translates and encrypts data for the application layer ◦ Session Layer (L5) - Manages sessions and dialogues between applications ◦ Transport Layer (L4) - Ensures complete and reliable data transfer ◦ Network Layer (L3)- Responsible for data routing, addressing, and packet forwarding ◦ Data Link Layer (L2)- Manages node-to-node data transfer and error detection ◦ Physical Layer (L1) - Handles the physical connection and raw data transmission Purpose ◦ The OSI model serves as a universal set of guidelines for ensuring interoperability among diverse networking products and software  Where did TCP/IP come from? ◦ Developed in the 1970s for the United States Department of Defense or DoD's Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) project. What is TCP/IP? ◦ Also known as the TCP/IP suite and Internet Protocol Suite ◦ A conceptual framework used for designing and implementing network communications protocols in networks. It consists of four layers. Layers of the TCP/IP Model ◦ Application Layer (L4) - focused on user interfaces and higher-level protocols. ◦ Transport Layer (L3) - responsible for end-to-end communication and data transfer management. ◦ Internet Layer (L2) - handles routing and addressing of data packets for transmission across networks. ◦ Network Interface Layer (L1) - focused on the network interface for data exchange over physical networks. (Word Document) Introduced in the late 1970s, the model aimed to standardize computer network protocols and ensure interoperability among diverse network technologies. Virtual labs Notes to investigate Arp Transcript Task 1 – Use Wireshark to Observe a TCP Connection A TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) connection at Layer 4 involves a series of steps to establish, maintain, and terminate communication between two devices. Initially, a three- way handshake is performed. The client initially sends a SYN packet to the server, the server then responds with a SYN-ACK packet, and finally, the client sends an ACK packet to confirm the connection establishment. Once the connection is established, data is transmitted between the two devices in segments, with each segment acknowledged by the receiving device to ensure reliable delivery. Wireshark is a network protocol analyzer. It allows users to capture, inspect, and analyze network traffic in real time. In this task, you will observe a TCP connection initiated via a nmap command with Wireshark. Continue Task two on > virtual lab Introduction to the OSI Model (N10-009)