NCCER Building Materials and Fasteners PDF

Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102   A Copyright © 2022 by NCCER, Alachua, FL 32615, and published by Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates, 221 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyrigh...

Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102   A Copyright © 2022 by NCCER, Alachua, FL 32615, and published by Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates, 221 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from NCCER prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to NCCER Product Development, 13614 Progress Blvd., Alachua, FL 32615. Acknowledgments of third-party content appear on the appropriate page within the text. Unless otherwise indicated herein, any third-party trademarks, logos, or icons that may appear in this work are the property of their respec- tive owners, and any references to third-party trademarks, logos, icons, or other trade dress are for demonstrative or descriptive purposes only. Such references are not intended to imply any sponsorship, endorsement, authorization, or promotion of Pearson’s products by the owners of such marks, or any relationship between the owner and Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates, authors, licensees, or distributors.  Lesson Plans for Module 27102 Building Material and Fasteners Building Materials and Fasteners (Module 27102) provides an overview of the building materials used by car- penters, including lumber, engineered wood products, concrete, and steel framing materials. The module also describes the various fasteners, anchors, and adhesives used in construction. Objectives Learning Objective 3 Explain how to properly handle and store building Learning Objective 1 materials. Identify safety hazards and precautions associated with wood, concrete, steel, and composite build- a. Describe how to safely handle and store ing materials. wood, concrete, and steel building materials. a. Describe the focus four and explain how to Learning Objective 4 reduce hazards associated with handling Identify fasteners, anchors, and adhesives used in carpentry materials. construction. b. Explain the benefits of a job hazard analysis. a. Describe different types of nails, screws, bolts, and staples. Learning Objective 2 Identify different types of building materials and b. Summarize the categories of mechanical calculate needed quantities. anchors. a. Summarize the types of lumber, their c. List adhesives used in construction and characteristics, and how lumber is graded. identify their applications. b. Describe the types of treated lumber. Performance Tasks c. Identify engineered wood products and their applications. Performance Task 1 (Learning Objective 2) d. Distinguish between the types of concrete Given a selection of building materials, identify a construction materials. particular material and state its use. e. Describe the types of steel framing and their Performance Task 2 (Learning Objective 2) applications. Calculate building material quantities using the f. Summarize how to calculate lumber, panel, described methods. and concrete quantities. Performance Task 3 (Learning Objective 4) Demonstrate safe and proper installation of vari- ous types of fasteners, anchors, and adhesives. Recommended Teaching Time: 20 hours Prerequisites Core Before You Begin As you prepare for each section, allow sufficient time to review the course objectives, content, visual aids (includ- ing the Carpentry PowerPoint® Presentations and/or Dynamic Lecture Presentations), and these lesson plans, and to gather the required equipment and materials. Consider time required for demonstrations, laboratories, field trips, and testing. Using your access code, download the PowerPoint ® Presentations and Performance Sheets for this module from NCCER’s Instructor Resource Center at www.nccer.org/irc. Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102   1  Safety Considerations This module requires that trainees demonstrate the safe and proper installation of drop-in anchors. Safety is paramount in the carpentry trade and safe habits and practices must be emphasized whenever possible. Performance Tasks must be completed under supervision. Each trainee must use required PPE and follow safe tool practices and procedures. Classroom Equipment and Materials Whiteboard/chalkboard Copies of the Module Exam and Performance Profile Markers/chalk Sheets Pencils and paper Vendor-supplied videos/DVDs showing various building materials and fasteners (optional) Carpentry Level One PowerPoint® and/or Dynamic Lecture Presentation found in the NCCERConnect TV/DVD player Computer Equipment and Materials for Laboratories and Performance Testing Appropriate personal protective Samples of engineered lumber Hammer equipment (PPE): products, including wood I-beams, Assorted nails Hard hat glulam, LVL, and PSL Manual stapler Safety glasses Photos of commercial construction Assorted staples projects Gloves Standard screwdriver Samples of concrete masonry units Hearing protection Wood screws Samples of steel framing members Face shield Power screwdriver Bags of portland cement Respiratory protection Sheet-metal screws Sand Cut portion of a tree trunk Masonry bits Water Tape measure Machine and lag screws Blank job hazard analysis (JHA) forms Samples of lumber with grade Concrete/masonry and deck screws stamps, natural defects, and Small loads for lifting demonstration Drywall and drive screws manufacturing defects Wood materials Hammer-driven pins Samples of panel products containing Samples of boards that equal one grade stamps, including plywood, board foot Assorted bolts and nuts OSB, particleboard, hardboard, and Calculator or smartphone calculator Advertisements for anchors and mineral fiberboard app adhesives Drill and bits Set of plans (optional) Assorted anchors and adhesives Handsaw Scraps of wood, steel-metal framing, Ventilation fan Plywood Specification and Grade and concrete Guide Additional Resources This module presents thorough resources for task training. The following resource materials are suggested for further study: Basic Construction Materials. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Buildings in Wood: The History and Traditions of Architecture’s Oldest Building Material. New York: Rizzoli/ Universe International Publications. Concrete Masonry Handbook for Architects, Engineers, and Builders, Fifth Edition. W.C. Panarese, S.H. Kosmatka, and F.A. Randall, Jr. Portland Cement Association. Principles and Practices of Commercial Construction. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Principles and Practices of Light Construction. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. The Homeowner’s Guide to Building with Concrete, Brick, and Stone. Portland Cement Association. There are a number of online resources available for trainees who would like more information on building mate- rials, fasteners, and adhesives. A search for additional information may be assigned as homework to interested trainees. 2  Module 27102 Building Materials and Fasteners  Section Outline for Module 27102 Building Materials and Fasteners SECTION ONE SECTION THREE Section One reviews safety procedures for Section Three discusses the proper and safe wood, concrete, and steel and the importance handling and storage of building materials. of a safety culture on a jobsite. 1. Show Section Three Carpentry Level One 1. Show Section One Carpentry Level One PowerPoint ® Presentation and/or Dynamic PowerPoint ® Presentation and/or Dynamic Lecture Presentation. Lecture Presentation. 2. Discuss the safe handling and storage of 2. Emphasize the importance of safety on the building materials. jobsite, including safety when handling and storing building materials. SECTION FOUR 3. Review job hazard analysis (JHA) and its importance. Section Four reviews common fasteners used by carpenters and introduces common anchors 4. Review general safety, followed by safety and adhesives used by carpenters. with wood, concrete, and steel building materials. 1. Show Section Four Carpentry Level One PowerPoint ® Presentation and/or Dynamic Lecture Presentation. SECTION TWO 2. Discuss nail types and nail sizes. Section Two introduces engineered lumber products, lumber manufacture, lumber 3. Discuss staples and their applications. applications, concrete, concrete masonry 4. Discuss screw types and their applications. construction, and steel framing materials. It also 5. Discuss bolts and their applications. discusses the calculation of lumber, panel, and concrete quantities. 6. Discuss common anchors and adhesives used on construction projects. 1. Show Section Two Carpentry Level One PowerPoint ® Presentation and/or Dynamic 7. Emphasize the importance of proper Lecture Presentation. ventilation and PPE when applying some types of adhesives. 2. Discuss how engineered lumber has changed the way some buildings are constructed. 8. Trainees practice and/or complete the requirements of Performance Task 3. 3. Have trainees identify engineered lumber products and their applications. REVIEW AND TESTING 4. Review the ingredients in concrete and explain that varying the amounts of This is a review and testing section. Have these ingredients will impart different trainees complete the Module Review. characteristics and properties to the Alternatively, if the Module Review was concrete. assigned as homework, review the correct answers in class prior to the exam and answer 5. Explain the benefits of concrete masonry any questions that the trainees may have. construction. 1. Note that there is no Carpentry Level One 6. Discuss the applications of steel framing PowerPoint ® Presentation or Dynamic members in commercial construction. Lecture Presentation associated with this 7. Explain board foot measurements, and section. describe how board feet are calculated. 2. Have trainees practice and/or complete the 8. Discuss area and how it is calculated. tasks associated with Performance Tasks 1, Explain that area is a very common 2, and 3. construction calculation. 3. Have trainees complete the written exam. 9. Discuss volume and how it is calculated. Any outstanding performance testing must Describe applications for volume be completed during this session as well. calculations. 4. The results for exams administered 10. Trainees practice and/or complete the through the Testing Management System requirements of Performance Tasks 1 and 2. are recorded automatically in the NCCER Registry System Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102   3 Materials Checklist for Module 27102, Building Materials and Fasteners Equipment and Materials Personal protective equipment: Cut portion of a tree trunk Tape measure Hard hat Drill and bits Handsaw Safety glasses Sand Bags of portland cement Gloves Water Hammer Hearing protection Set of plans (optional) Manual stapler Face shield Assorted nails Assorted staples Respiratory protection Standard screwdriver Wood screws Whiteboard/chalkboard Power screwdriver Sheet-metal screws Markers/chalk Masonry bits Machine and lag screws Pencils and paper Drywall and drive screws Hammer-driven pins Samples of engineered Carpentry Level One Samples of lumber with grade lumber products, including PowerPoint® Presentation or stamps, natural defects, and wood I-beams, glulam, LVL, Dynamic Lecture Presentation manufacturing defects and PSL Computer Wood materials Ventilation fan Copies of the Module Exam Photos of commercial Samples of concrete and Performance Profile Sheets construction projects masonry units Samples of panel products Vendor-supplied videos/DVDs containing grade stamps, showing various building Plywood Specification and including plywood, OSB, materials and fasteners Grade Guide particleboard, hardboard, and (optional) mineral fiberboard Concrete/masonry and deck Blank job hazard analysis TV/DVD player screws (JHA) forms Calculator or smartphone Advertisements for anchors Assorted anchors and adhesives calculator app and adhesives Samples of steel framing Small loads for lifting Samples of boards that members demonstration equal one board foot Assorted bolts and nuts To the extent possible, and as required for performance testing, provide a selection of the tools listed for each section; alternatively, photos may be used to teach tool identification. 4  Module 27102 Building Materials and Fasteners  Classroom Section 1 for 27102 Safety Precautions with Building Materials Safety Considerations The following safety considerations should be made when introducing trainees to building materials: Ensure trainees are equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment when handling building materials, including a hard hat, safety glasses, gloves, and hearing protection. Safety Equipment The following safety equipment will be needed during this section: Hard hat Safety glasses Gloves Hearing protection Respiratory protection Lab Equipment In addition to the safety equipment above, instructors should also have the following equipment available for activities, demonstrations, and laboratory activities: Blank job hazard analysis (JHA) forms Resources A copy of OSHA Safety and Health Standards for the Construction Industry (29 CFR, Part 1926) Kickoff Activity Explain the importance of effectively planning your activities on a jobsite. Distribute blank job hazard analysis (JHA) forms and discuss the use of these forms when planning your activities. Suggest an ac- tivity, such as manually moving OSB panels from a stack to their final location, and complete the JHA accordingly. Section Objective Successful completion of this module prepares you to do the following: 1. Identify safety hazards and precautions associated with wood, concrete, steel, and composite building materials. a. Describe the focus four and explain how to reduce hazards associated with handling carpentry materials. b. Explain the benefits of a job hazard analysis. Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102  5  Classroom Section 1 for 27102 Safety Precautions with Building Materials (cont.) Section Performance Requirements There are no Performance Tasks in this section. Instructional Outline Research has shown that varying instructional methods periodically throughout class sections helps engage and hold trainees’ attention. The Carpentry Level One PowerPoint® Presentations and Dynamic Lecture Presentations that you received with this lesson plan are keyed to the following sections of the Trainee Guide and have been designed for use with this lesson plan. Sections 1.0.0–1.1.5 Review the discussion of safety in Module 27101. Discuss general safety precautions associated with building materials. Discuss safety precautions when working with wood, concrete, and steel building products and note ap- propriate PPE to be used when working with each. Safety cannot be stressed enough in this module and in subsequent modules. Demonstration Demonstrate the use of appropriate PPE when working with wood, concrete, and steel building mate- rials. Emphasize the use of appropriate respiratory protection when working with dry or wet cement. Emphasize the use of appropriate hearing and eye protection when working with steel products. Activity Have trainees don PPE that is appropriate for working with wood, concrete, and steel framing products. Have trainees constructively critique themselves and others on the PPE condition and how the trainee is wearing the PPE. Wrap Up Review the Trade Terms covered in this section. Each definition will appear in the accompanying Carpentry Level One PowerPoint® Presentation and Dynamic Lecture Presentation. Have the trainees pro- vide the proper term for each definition. Homework Assign reading of Sections 2.0.0–2.6.6. Have trainees complete the 1.0.0 Section Review. 6  Module 27102 Building Materials and Fasteners  Classroom Section 2 for 27102 Building Materials and Their Uses Safety Considerations The following safety considerations should be made when introducing trainees to wood building materials: Ensure trainees are equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment when handling building materials, including a hard hat, safety glasses, gloves, and hearing protection. While most calculations will not require presence on the jobsite, there may be situations when measurements must be made or verified. Safety Equipment The following safety equipment will be needed during this section: Hard hat Safety glasses Gloves Hearing protection Lab Equipment In addition to the safety equipment listed above, instructors should also have the following equip- ment available for activities, demonstrations, and laboratory activities: Cut portion of a tree trunk Tape measure Samples of lumber with grade stamps, natural defects, and manufacturing defects Samples of panel products containing grade stamps, including plywood, OSB, particleboard, hardboard, and mineral fiberboard Drill and bits Handsaw Samples of boards that equal one board foot Calculator or smartphone calculator app Set of plans (optional) Tape measure Resources A copy of OSHA Safety and Health Standards for the Construction Industry (29 CFR, Part 1926) Plywood Specification and Grade Guide, U.S. Department of Commerce Review Review the answers to the 1.0.0 Section Review. Ask trainees if they have any questions. Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102  7  Classroom Section 2 for 27102 Building Materials and Their Uses (cont.) Section Objective Successful completion of this module prepares you to do the following: 2. Identify different types of building materials and calculate needed quantities. a. Summarize the types of lumber, their characteristics, and how lumber is graded. b. Describe the types of treated lumber. c. Identify engineered wood products and their applications. d. Distinguish between the types of concrete construction materials. e. Describe the types of steel framing and their applications. f. Summarize how to calculate lumber, panel, and concrete quantities. Section Performance Requirements Under supervision, you should be able to do the following: 1. Given a selection of building materials, identify a particular material and describe its use. 2. Calculate building material quantities using the described methods. Instructional Outline Research has shown that varying instructional methods periodically throughout class sections helps engage and hold trainees’ attention. The Carpentry Level One PowerPoint® Presentations and Dynamic Lecture Presentations that you received with this lesson plan are keyed to the following sections of the Trainee Guide and have been designed for use with this lesson plan. Activity Distribute pencils and paper to trainees. Display various wood and panel samples around the classroom. (Make sure you have samples of Nordic pine, maple, southern yellow pine, ash, fir, and oak on display.) Have trainees try to identify the samples. Ask trainees to share their answers and brainstorm applica- tions for each type of wood. Briefly explain the manufacturing processes associated with each. Alternatively, view photographs of commercial construction projects and have trainees identify where the following building materials are used: concrete, concrete masonry units (CMUs), and steel framing members. Ask trainees why these materials might be selected for construction over dimension lumber. Sections 2.0.0–2.1.4 Review the characteristics and uses of various types of wood. Refer the trainees to Appendix C in the Trainee Guide. Explain the impact of different cutting methods on the lumber produced and discuss the natural defects found in lumber. Activity Check the lumber stock that you have on hand. Have the trainees examine and identify natural defects. 8  Module 27102 Building Materials and Fasteners  Classroom Section 2 for 27102 Building Materials and Their Uses (cont.) Section 2.1.5 Describe the grading system for lumber, and explain how to interpret lumber grading stamps. Point out that lumber grading is based largely on the amount and types of defects in lumber. Discuss the classifica- tions used by lumber grading agencies. Teaching Tip As time permits, take the trainees to a lumberyard. Have them identify various grades of lumber. Sections 2.1.6–2.1.7 Review the common terms associated with lumber grading. Discuss common lumber manufacturing defects. Teaching Tip Show examples of lumber with various manufacturing defects. Discuss the resulting grade of the lumber. Sections 2.2.0–2.2.3 Show examples of treated lumber and discuss its applications. Have trainees note that some types of treated lumber may not be used for residential applications, and that special safety precautions are required when working with treated lumber. Sections 2.3.0 Show examples of plywood and explain how it is manufactured. Demonstration Explain to trainees that plywood veneers are similar to sheets of paper in that the grain direction runs in only one direction. Using an 8 ½" × 11" sheet of paper, tear the paper, showing how easily it tears in the direction of the grain. Using five sheets of paper, stack the paper so the grain direction is perpendicular to the adjacent sheet. Now try tearing the paper and note the increased effort needed to tear it. Explain that plywood is stronger than most dimension lumber due to the crossbanding of the veneers. Activity Obtain and allow the trainees to examine a copy of the Plywood Specification and Grade Guide published by the U.S. Department of Commerce. Sections 2.3.1–2.3.2 Discuss plywood grading stamps. Discuss the types of wood used in the manufacture of plywood. Identify the adhesives used in various plywood samples, as indicated by the grading stamp. Discuss the various types of cores used in ply- wood. Discuss the types of veneers used in plywood faces. Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102  9  Classroom Section 2 for 27102 Building Materials and Their Uses (cont.) Discuss the following types of panel products: Hardboard Particleboard High-density overlay (HDO) and medium-density overlay (MDO) plywood Oriented strand board (OSB) Mineral fiberboard Show examples of each panel product and discuss its applications. Identify the different classifications of engineered lumber products. Emphasize the benefits of using these products. Discuss how the following engineered wood products are manufactured: Laminated veneer lumber (LVL) Parallel strand lumber (PSL) Laminated strand lumber (LSL) Wood I-joists Glued laminated timber (Glulam) Demonstration Ensure that you and the trainees are equipped with appropriate PPE. Using provided hand tools, mark and cut or drill into sample pieces of panel products, having trainees taking note of the ease with which the material is cut or drilled. Activity Check the panel stock that you have on hand. Have the trainees examine and identify the grading stamp, type of core, and veneer grade used for the faces. Laboratory/Performance Task Ensure trainees are equipped with appropriate PPE. Have the trainees inspect the engineered lumber samples you have provided. Ask trainees to describe their qualities and applications. If time allows, have the trainees use provided hand tools to cut or drill scrap pieces of engineered lumber. This laboratory corresponds to Performance Task 1. Sections 2.4.0–2.4.5 Identify the three main concrete ingredients and explain how concrete is made. Explain that varying the amounts of these ingredients impart different characteristics and properties to the concrete. Emphasize that portland cement is a very fine material and respiratory protection should be worn when working around portland cement to prevent inhalation. Explain how concrete masonry units are manufactured. Provide examples for the trainees to examine. Discuss their applications. Sections 2.5.0–2.5.3 Discuss various types of steel framing materials and their applications in commercial construction. Pro- vide examples for the trainees to examine. 10  Module 27102 Building Materials and Fasteners  Classroom Section 2 for 27102 Building Materials and Their Uses (cont.) Demonstration Ensure you and all trainees are wearing appropriate PPE. Demonstrate how a small batch of concrete is made. Activity Divide trainees into small groups. Discuss concrete admixtures and have each group locate information on the Internet about a specific type of admixture. Have the groups develop and give a brief presentation on their admixture to the remaining class. Activity Wrap up the concepts covered in this section with the following: Display the engineered lumber samples around the classroom. Provide trainees with pencils and paper and ask them to write down one thing they learned about each type of engineered lumber. When called upon, have the trainees post one of their notes by one of the lumber samples, trying not to repeat a note already posted by another trainee. Alternatively, review the basic ingredients of a concrete mixture with the class. Discuss how the proportions of the ingredients affect the characteristics of the hardened concrete. Activity On the whiteboard, write “Classroom Walls,” “Classroom Floor,” and “20' × 40' Gable Roof.” Ask train- ees to look around the classroom and “guesstimate” the area of the classroom walls (in square feet), the amount of concrete used for the floor (in cubic yards), and how many OSB panels are needed for the roof. Ask trainees to write their responses on the board along with their initials. Sections 2.6.0–2.6.1 Explain that for commercial construction projects, material quantities are typically calculated by an esti- mator and ordered for delivery to the jobsite. For residential construction projects, a carpenter may need to order building materials and supplies. Therefore, an understanding of basic material quantity calcula- tion is needed. Discuss board foot measure and explain how board feet are calculated. Illustrate the concept of board feet using a couple different boards that equal one board foot each (for example, a 1" × 12" × 12" board and a 2" × 6" × 12" board). Explain that area is a two-dimensional calculation (height × width, width × length, etc.). Explain that panel quantities are calculated by dividing the area to be covered by the panel area. Demonstration On the whiteboard, calculate the board feet for several sizes of lumber stock. First, work through the calculation longhand and then demonstrate how to calculate board feet using a calculator or smartphone calculator app. Laboratory/Performance Task Have the trainees calculate board foot quantities for instructor-supplied lumber sizes. Encourage train- ees to manually calculate the quantities as well as calculating the quantities using a calculator or smart- phone calculator app. This laboratory corresponds to Performance Task 2. Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102  11  Classroom Section 2 for 27102 Building Materials and Their Uses (cont.) Demonstration On the whiteboard, calculate the area for several samples. First, work through the calculation long hand and then demonstrate how to calculate the area using a calculator or smartphone calculator app. Segue into determining the number of panels required. If a set of plans are available, refer to the plans to obtain sample wall and roof sizes to calculate the number of sheathing panels required. Laboratory/Performance Task Have the trainees calculate panel quantities for instructor-supplied roof sizes. Encourage trainees to manually calculate the quantities as well as calculating the quantities using a calculator or smartphone calculator app. This laboratory corresponds to Performance Task 2. Sections 2.6.2–2.6.6 Explain that concrete quantities are determined by calculating the volume. Note that volume is a three- dimensional quantity, while area is a two-dimensional quantity. Discuss how volume is calculated. Demonstration On the whiteboard, calculate the volume for several samples. First, work through the calculation long- hand and then demonstrate how to calculate the volume using a calculator or smartphone calculator app. Segue into determining the volume of concrete needed for columns or footings. If a set of plans are available, refer to the plans to obtain sample column or footing sizes. Activity Referencing Appendix F, have the trainees calculate quantities for instructor-supplied shapes. Encourage trainees to manually calculate the quantities as well as calculating the quantities using a calculator or smartphone calculator app. Wrap Up Wrap up the concepts covered in this section with the following: Have the trainees measure the height and width of the classroom walls and calculate the areas of the walls. Have trainees measure the classroom floor and calculate the volume of concrete needed for the floor based on a 6" slab thickness. Finally, have the trainees calculate the number of panels required for a 20' × 40' roof. Have them note their calculations next to the original “guesstimates” written on the whiteboard. Homework Assign reading of Sections 3.0.0–3.1.8. Have trainees complete the 2.0.0 Section Review. 12  Module 27102 Building Materials and Fasteners  Classroom Section 3 for 27102 Handling and Storing Building Materials Safety Considerations The following safety considerations should be made when introducing trainees to the handling and storing of building materials: Ensure trainees are equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment when handling building materials, including a hard hat, safety glasses, gloves, and hearing protection. Safety Equipment The following safety equipment will be needed during this section: Hard hat Safety glasses Face shield Gloves Hearing protection Lab Equipment In addition to the safety equipment above, instructors should also have the following equipment available for activities, demonstrations, and laboratory activities: Blank job hazard analysis (JHA) forms Small loads for lifting demonstration Wood materials Bags of cement Resources A copy of OSHA Safety and Health Standards for the Construction Industry (29 CFR, Part 1926) Review Review the answers to the 2.0.0 Section Review. Ask trainees if they have any questions. Section Objective Successful completion of this module prepares you to do the following: 3. Explain how to properly handle and store building materials. a. Describe how to safely handle and store, wood, concrete, and steel building materials. Section Performance Requirements There are no Performance Tasks in this section. Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102  13  Classroom Section 3 for 27102 Handling and Storing Building Materials (cont.) Instructional Outline Research has shown that varying instructional methods periodically throughout class sections helps engage and hold trainees’ attention. The Carpentry Level One PowerPoint® presentations and Dynamic Lecture Presentations that you received with this lesson plan are keyed to the following sections of the Trainee Guide and have been designed for use with this lesson plan. Sections 3.0.0–3.1.3 Explain that lumber, plywood, and other building materials must be properly handled and stored to minimize damage to the materials and injury to craftworkers. Describe the importance of pre-task plan- ning to minimize accidents. Discuss the proper clothing and PPE that should be worn when moving or handling materials. Demonstration Demonstrate the proper lifting technique. Emphasize the need to lift with the legs, keep the back straight, keep the head up, and keep the load close to the body. After demonstrating, have the trainees individu- ally lift small loads while under your supervision. Activity If possible, visit a local construction site and observe the material-handling and storage techniques being used. Sections 3.1.3–3.1.6 Discuss the proper way to safely handle and store wood products. Emphasize that proper PPE must be used when handling and storing wood products. Discuss the safety precautions necessary when work- ing with treated lumber. Explain that proper lumber storage and stacking can help prevent warping and splitting. Emphasize the need for proper handling and storage of plywood. Demonstration Demonstrate the proper way to safely handle and store wood products by moving materials from one storage location to another. After the demonstration, have trainees move the materials back to the origi- nal location. Section 3.1.7 Discuss the proper way to safely handle and store concrete products. Stress that bags of portland cement are available in 94-pound bags and that proper lifting techniques must be used to minimize the potential for injury. Demonstration Demonstrate the proper way to safely lift and handle bags of cement. 14  Module 27102 Building Materials and Fasteners  Classroom Section 3 for 27102 Handling and Storing Building Materials (cont.) Section 3.1.8 Discuss the proper way to safely handle and store steel framing products. Stress that sharp edges may be encountered with steel framing members and that proper PPE should be worn. Wrap Up Wrap up the concepts covered in this section with the following: Using a copy of OSHA Safety and Health Standards for the Construction Industry (29 CFR, Part 1926), review the information on housekeeping (1926.25) and materials handling and storage (1926 Subpart H). Homework Assign reading of Sections 4.0.0–4.3.4. Have trainees complete the 3.0.0 Section Review. Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102  15  Classroom Section 4 for 27102 Anchors and Adhesives Safety Considerations The following safety considerations should be made when introducing trainees to anchors and adhesives: Ensure trainees are equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment when working with anchors and adhesives, including a hard hat, safety glasses, gloves, a face shield, and hearing and respiratory protection. Ensure trainees wear a face shield when driving cut nails because they are subject to breakage, which could do serious damage to an eye. Safety Equipment The following safety equipment is needed during this section: Hard hat Safety glasses Face shield Gloves Hearing protection Respiratory protection Lab Equipment In addition to the safety equipment above, instructors should also have the following equipment available for activities, demonstrations, and laboratory activities: Advertisements for anchors and adhesives Standard screwdriver Assorted anchors and adhesives Wood screws Job hazard analysis (JHA) form Power screwdriver Scraps of concrete, wood, and sheet metal Sheet-metal screws Drill and bits Drill and bits Masonry bits Masonry bits Ventilation fan Machine and lag screws Scraps of wood and steel-metal framing Concrete/masonry and deck screws Hammer Drywall and drive screws Assorted nails Hammer-driven pins Manual stapler Assorted bolts and nuts Assorted staples Resources A copy of OSHA Safety and Health Standards for the Construction Industry (29 CFR, Part 1926) 16  Module 27102 Building Materials and Fasteners  Classroom Section 4 for 27102 Anchors and Adhesives (cont.) Review Review the answers to the 3.0.0 Section Review. Ask trainees if they have any questions. Section Objective Successful completion of this module prepares you to do the following: 4. Identify fasteners, anchors, and adhesives used in construction. a. Describe different types of nails, screws, bolts, and staples. b. Summarize the categories of mechanical anchors. c. List adhesives used in construction and identify their applications. Section Performance Requirements Under supervision, you should be able to do the following: 3. Demonstrate safe and proper installation of various types of fasteners, anchors, and adhesives. Instructional Outline Research has shown that varying instructional methods periodically throughout class sections helps engage and hold trainees’ attention. The Carpentry Level One PowerPoint® Presentations and Dynamic Lecture Presentations that you received with this lesson plan are keyed to the following sections of the Trainee Guide and have been designed for use with this lesson plan. Activity Collect advertisements that show an assortment of anchors and adhesives. Have trainees identify the various anchors and adhesives, and suggest possible applications for each. Alternatively, have trainees identify fasteners with which they have worked. Ask trainees to describe the materials that were joined together and note if they faced any challenges when installing the fasteners. Sections 4.0.0–4.1.1 Discuss the applications of various types of nails. Pass around examples for the trainees to examine. Explain how nails are sized and identify the nail sizes used for most common applications. Explain that only trained and certified personnel may use powder-actuated tools. Activity Using a selection of instructor-provided nails, ask the trainees to identify the type of nail and state its size (in d). Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102  17  Classroom Section 4 for 27102 Anchors and Adhesives (cont.) Demonstration Ensure you and all trainees are wearing appropriate PPE. Demonstrate the proper technique for driving nails into a piece of scrap wood. Warn the trainees to wear a face shield when driving cut nails. Laboratory Allow trainees to drive a few nails under your supervision. Activity Using a selection of instructor-provided staples, ask the trainees to identify the type of points and list possible applications for each. Demonstration Ensure you and all trainees are wearing appropriate PPE. Demonstrate the proper technique for driving staples into a piece of scrap wood. Laboratory Allow trainees to drive a few staples under your supervision. Section 4.1.2 Discuss the applications of various types of screws. Pass around examples for the trainees to examine. Activity Using a selection of instructor-provided screws, ask the trainees to identify the type of screw and list possible applications for each. Demonstration Ensure you and all trainees are wearing appropriate PPE. Demonstrate the proper technique for driving screws into a piece of scrap wood. Emphasize the importance of drilling pilot holes. Laboratory Allow trainees to drive a few screws under your supervision. Section 4.1.2 Discuss the applications of various types of sheet-metal screws. Pass around examples for the trainees to examine. Activity Using a selection of instructor-provided sheet-metal screws, ask the trainees to identify the type of tip and list possible applications for each. 18  Module 27102 Building Materials and Fasteners  Classroom Section 4 for 27102 Anchors and Adhesives (cont.) Demonstration Ensure you and all trainees are wearing appropriate PPE. Demonstrate the proper technique for driving sheet-metal screws into a piece of scrap steel framing material. Laboratory Allow trainees to drive a few sheet-metal screws under your supervision. Section 4.1.2 Discuss the applications of machine screws and lag screws. Pass around examples for the trainees to examine. Activity Using a selection of instructor-provided machine screws and lag screws, ask the trainees to distinguish between the two types and list possible applications for each. Point out that a lag screw is basically a heavy-duty wood screw. Demonstration Ensure you and all trainees are wearing appropriate PPE. Demonstrate the proper technique for install- ing machine screws and lag screws. Section 4.1.2 Discuss the applications of concrete/masonry screws and deck screws. Pass around examples for the trainees to examine. Activity Using a selection of instructor-provided concrete/masonry screws and deck screws, ask the trainees to list possible applications. Demonstration Ensure you and all trainees are wearing appropriate PPE. Demonstrate the proper technique for install- ing concrete/masonry screws and deck screws. Laboratory Allow trainees to drive a few concrete/masonry screws under your supervision. Section 4.1.2 Discuss the applications of drywall screws, drive screws, and hammer-driven pins. Pass around exam- ples for the trainees to examine. Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102  19  Classroom Section 4 for 27102 Anchors and Adhesives (cont.) Activity Using a selection of instructor-provided drywall screws, drive screws, and hammer-driven pins, ask the trainees to list possible applications. Demonstration Ensure you and all trainees are wearing appropriate PPE. Demonstrate the proper technique for install- ing drywall screws, drive screws, and hammer-driven pins. Section 4.1.2 Discuss the applications of various types of bolts. Pass around examples for the trainees to examine. Activity Using a selection of instructor-provided bolts, ask the trainees to list possible applications. Demonstration Ensure you and all trainees are wearing appropriate PPE. Demonstrate the proper technique for install- ing various types of bolts. Section 4.1.3 Discuss the applications of various types of staples. Pass around examples for the trainees to examine. Activity Wrap up the concepts covered in this section with the following: On the whiteboard, list various combinations of materials that are to be fastened together (such as two 2 × 4s). Distribute pencils and paper to the trainees. Have trainees identify fasteners that can be used to fasten the materials together and state why they selected the given fastener. Sections 4.2.0–4.2.10 Discuss the applications of various types of mechanical anchors. Pass around examples for the trainees to examine. Activity Using a selection of instructor-provided anchors, ask the trainees to identify possible applications for each. Demonstration Ensure you and all trainees are wearing appropriate PPE. Demonstrate the proper technique for install- ing various types of anchors. Review the guidelines for drilling anchor holes in hardened concrete or masonry. Point out the danger of flying particles when drilling into concrete. 20  Module 27102 Building Materials and Fasteners  Classroom Section 4 for 27102 Anchors and Adhesives (cont.) Sections 4.3.0–4.3.3 Discuss the various types of adhesives used on a construction project and list applications of each type. Emphasize the recommended safety precautions to follow when working with adhesives. Explain that all adhesives have a limited shelf life. Activity Make copies of a blank JHA form and distribute to the trainees, along with pencils. Citing a potential hazard of inhaling vapors from adhesives, recommend steps that can be taken to safely mix and apply the adhesives. Emphasize that proper ventilation is required, and, in some cases, respiratory protection is required (which can only be used if trainee has been properly fit-tested). Complete the JHA accord- ingly. Demonstration Ensure you and all trainees are wearing appropriate PPE. Demonstrate the proper technique for work- ing with various types of adhesives. Warn the trainees that many adhesives are flammable, explosive, or otherwise hazardous and must be handled accordingly. Laboratory/Performance Task Have trainees demonstrate safe and proper installation of various types of fasteners, anchors, and adhe- sives. This laboratory corresponds to Performance Task 3. Wrap Up Wrap up the concepts covered in this section with the following: Divide the class into small groups (3 to 4 trainees per group). Using actual samples of fasteners and anchors (or photographs), show each of the fasteners or anchors and have trainees raise their hands to identify them. If the trainee correctly identifies the fastener or anchor, ask one of the other group members to state an application and another group member to note one safety precaution that should be followed during installation. Homework Assign the 4.0.0 Section Review. Assign the module Review Questions. Remind trainees that the module exam will be administered during the next classroom section. Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102  21  Building Materials and Fasteners (Module 27102) Review and Testing This section is reserved for a brief review of the module, administering the Module Exam, and performance testing. Safety Considerations No safety considerations are required for this section. Safety Equipment Hard hat Safety glasses Gloves Hearing protection Face shield Respiratory protection Classroom and/or Lab Equipment Have the Module Review answer keys available for review prior to administering the Module Exam. Blank job hazard analysis (JHA) forms Ventilation fan Cut portion of a tree trunk Scraps of wood and steel-metal framing Tape measure Hammer Samples of lumber with grade stamps, natural Assorted nails defects, and manufacturing defects Manual stapler Samples of panel products containing grade Assorted staples stamps, including plywood, OSB, particleboard, Standard screwdriver hardboard, and mineral fiberboard Wood screws Drill and bits Power screwdriver Handsaw Sheet-metal screws Samples of boards that equal one board foot Drill and bits Calculator or smartphone calculator app Masonry bits Set of plans (optional) Machine and lag screws Tape measure Concrete/masonry and deck screws Small loads for lifting demonstration Drywall and drive screws Wood materials Hammer-driven pins Bags of cement Assorted bolts and nuts Assorted anchors and adhesives Job hazard analysis (JHA) form Scraps of concrete, wood, and sheet metal Drill and bits Masonry bits 22  Module 27102 Building Materials and Fasteners  Building Materials and Fasteners (Module 27102) Review and Testing (cont.) Resources No specific resources are required for this section. Review Ask the trainees if they wish to review any particular information from the module. Have the trainees complete the Module Review. Alternatively, if the Module Review was assigned as homework, have them retrieve their answers. Review the answers to the Module Review prior to administering the Mod- ule Exam. Ask again if the trainees need clarification on any particular knowledge areas. Examination and Performance Testing Administer the Module Exam. Allow one to two minutes per test item for the written exam. As they begin, remind trainees that they must answer at least 70 percent of the questions correctly to pass the Module Exam. Administer any outstanding Performance Tasks and complete the Performance Profile Sheet for each trainee. Wrap Up Ask the trainees if there were any trouble areas on the exam. Ask them about a favorite and least favorite part of the module. Homework Assign the reading of the next module in the teaching sequence. Instructor The results for exams administered through the Testing Management System are recorded automatically in the NCCER Registry System. Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102  23  Building Materials and Fasteners (Module 27102) Section Review Answer Key SECTION 1.0.0 Answer Section Reference Objective 1. a 1.1.0 1a 2. c 1.1.4 1a 3. b 1.2.1 1b SECTION 2.0.0 Answer Section Reference Objective 1. b 2.1.3 2a 2. c 2.1.6 2a 3. a 2.2.1 2b 4. a 2.3.0 2c 5. b 2.4.0 2d 6. d 2.5.2 2e 7. a 2.6.1 2f SECTION 3.0.0 Answer Section Reference Objective 1. a 3.1.3 3a 2. c 3.1.8 3a SECTION 4.0.0 Answer Section Reference Objective 1. b 4.1.1 4a 2. b 4.1.2 4a 3. a 4.1.3 4a 4. c 4.2.9 4b 5. c 4.3.2 4c 24  Module 27102 Building Materials and Fasteners  Building Materials and Fasteners (Module 27102) Review Questions Answer Key Answer Section Reference 1. c 1.1.3 2. a 1.1.4 3. a 1.2.1 4. b 2.1.5 5. c 2.3.1 6. d 2.3.1 7. d 2.3.2 8. d 2.4.2 9. a 2.4.5 10. a 2.6.1 11. c 2.6.3 12. d 3.1.1 13. b 3.1.3 14. a 4.1.1 15. c 4.2.1 16. a 4.2.7 17. d 4.2.8 18. d 4.3.0 19. b 4.3.2 20. b 4.3.2 Building Materials and Fasteners Module 27102  25  NCCER CURRICULA — USER UPDATE NCCER makes every effort to keep its textbooks up-to-date and free of technical errors. 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