Air Pollutants Analysis PDF

Air Pollutants Analysis Learning Objectives Explain the different methods of analyzing air pollutants. Air Quality Index (AQI) Flue Gas Analysis Ambient Air Monitoring  Air Quality Index (AQI) ▪ An index determined by calculating the degree of pollution in the city or at the monitor...

Air Pollutants Analysis Learning Objectives Explain the different methods of analyzing air pollutants. Air Quality Index (AQI) Flue Gas Analysis Ambient Air Monitoring  Air Quality Index (AQI) ▪ An index determined by calculating the degree of pollution in the city or at the monitoring point and includes five main pollutants: ▪ Particulate matter ▪ Ground level ozone (O3) ▪ Sulfur dioxide (SO2) ▪ Carbon monoxide (CO) ▪ Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) 4  Air Quality Index (AQI) – μg/m3 https://forum.airnowtech.org/t/aqi-calculations-overview-ozone-pm2-5-and-pm10/168 5 Air Quality Index (AQI) – μg/m3 6  Air Quality Index (AQI) – μg/m3 http://opinion.inquirer.net/69835/worst-air-pollution-episode/airpol04 7 https://www.numbeo.com/pollution/rankings_by_country.jsp 8  Flue Gas Analysis ▪ Flue gas – gas exiting to the atmosphere via a flue, which is a pipe or channel for conveying exhaust gases from a fireplace, oven, furnace, boiler or steam generator ▪ Flue gas usually refers to the combustion exhaust gas produced in power plants. ▪ Composed of usually nitrogen (~2/3) derived from the combustion of air, CO2, H2O vapor as well as oxygen. ▪ It also contains a small percentage of other pollutants such as particulate matter, CO, NOx and SOx 9  Flue Gas Analysis ▪ Used both for efficiency and emissions purposes ▪ Combustion process inputs: fuel and air ▪ Of interest: NOx, CO, CO2, SOx ▪ Measurement values are provided in part per million (ppm) or percentage (%), depending on the size of the reading. ▪ O2 and CO2 are usually expressed in percentage ▪ NOx and CO usually expressed in ppm 10 Flue Gas Analysis Orsat apparatus for flue gas analysis (old method) 11 Flue Gas Analysis Newer methods include handheld devices or larger, permanently installed units. 12  Flue Gas Analysis Combustion analysis is part of a process intended for: ✓SAFETY: Improve safety of fuel burning equipments ✓ENERGY SAVING: Improve fuel economy ✓POLLUTION CONTROL: Reduce undesirable exhaust emissions 13  Flue Gas Analysis Boiler Flue Gas NOx Removal https://www.yokogawa.com/us/library/resources/application-notes/measurement-of-nh3-concentrations-in-stack-flue-gas-using-tdls200/ Ambient Air Quality ▪ Refers to the quality of outdoor air in the surrounding environment ▪ Air quality can be quantified by concentration of substances identified through monitoring ▪ Typically measured near ground level, away from direct sources of pollution 15 Ambient Air Quality Permanent Monitoring Temporary Monitoring ▪ May be continuous or ▪ Cheaper, portable passive ▪ Continuous: near ▪ Examples: instantaneous ▪ Mobile Air Monitoring measurements, costly due Laboratory (MAML) to capital & operating ▪ Portable Air Monitoring costs; require power and (PAM) road access ▪ Canister (for VOCs) ▪ Passive: Long term ▪ E-BAM (for PM) measurements (monthly), portable, user-friendly and cost-effective 16  Ambient Air Quality Permanent Monitoring Methods Passive air monitoring system Continuous air monitoring system 17  Ambient Air Quality Temporary Monitoring Methods Mobile Air Monitoring RAVE innovation Laboratory Canister for VOCs Air Quality E-BAM for PM2.5 & PM10 Monitor – for PM http://www.raveinnovations.net/ outdoor-air-quality-monitor.html 18