[23-24] Y1 GI Radiology.pptx

Gastrointestinal Radiology Introduction Dr Joshua Lauder  Radiology modalities Xray Barium Ultrasoun d CT MRI Nuclear medicine Normal anatomy on Barium studi...

Gastrointestinal Radiology Introduction Dr Joshua Lauder  Radiology modalities Xray Barium Ultrasoun d CT MRI Nuclear medicine Normal anatomy on Barium studies Fluoroscopy = Xray video Achalasia Hiatus hernia  Barium enema  Used to be used to look for polyps and inflammation of the colon  Largely redundant now  Has been replaced by CT colonography Plain xray  Used mainly for suspected obstruction  Can see the outline of solid organs but has very poor resolution Small bowel obstruction vsLarge vs Large bowel obstruction CT is used extensively in the abdomen Normal anatomy  Appendicitis  Normal  Diverticular disease  Normal Diverticular disease  Liver cirrhosis with ascites  Normal  Splenomegaly  Normal  Gallstones  Only 10% of gallstones are calcified  Ultrasound is much better  Ultrasound  Can also look for biliary obstruction  Normal  MRCP Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatogram  Used to look for gallstones in the CBD if ultrasound cant see them Modality Notes Plain Xray Mainly for bowel obstruction. Poor soft tissue resolution. Barium studies Can show the inside lumen of the bowel. Used mainly for swallowing disorders. Ultrasound First line in biliary pathology. Also good for liver, spleen, ascites. First line in children with acute abdomen. Can be used to diagnose and monitor small bowel disease. CT Extensive use in the abdomen – acute abdomen and suspected cancer Can diagnose most pathology Need to justify use because of high radiation MRCP (MRI) Used to look for gallstones in the bile ducts, if ultrasound is negative