Health and Physical Education PDF

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Sow sKbn-ap-Ifnse ]¶m-fnØw Ip´n-Isf imco-cn-Ihpw am\-kn-Ihpw 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 kmaq-ln-Ihpw sshIm-cn-I-hp-amb D∂-Xn-bnseØn-°p-∂p. Ah Ip´n-I-fn¬ kl-I-cW at\m- 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 `mhw, t\Xr-Xz-]mS-hw, \nb-a-ßƒ A\p-k-cn-°¬ XpS-ßnb kmaq-lnI KpW-ßƒ ssIh-cn-°p- 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 ∂-Xn\v klm-bn-°p-∂p. Ip´n-I-fpsS BtcmKy]cn-]m-e-\-Øn\v {i≤-]Xn∏n°p∂-Xnt\msSm∏w 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 \√ s]cpam‰ ioe-ßƒ hf¿ØnsbSp-t°-≠Xpw hfsc AXym-hiyam-Wv. PohnX ss\]p-Wn- 234567890 234567890 234567890 Iƒ B¿÷n-°p-∂Xv Ip´n-Iƒ°v icn-bmb coXn-bn¬ Pohn-°p-∂-Xn\pw PohnX {]iv\-ßsf 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 t\cn-Sp-∂-Xn\pw klm-b-I-c-am-Wv. ss\XnI hnZym-`ym-khpw PohnX ss\]p-Wn-I-fpw, ImbnI 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ, tbmKbpw Xmfm-ﬂI Ne-\-ßfpw XpS-ßnb aq∂v bqWn‰pIfmWv c≠mw ska- 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 Ã-dn¬ Btcm-Ky-Im-bnI hnZym-`ymkw F∂ `mKØn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈-Xv. 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 ss\XnI hnZym-`ymkw (Value Education) \n¿h-N\w 234567890 234567890 kaql-Øn\p KpW-I-c-amb coXn-bn¬ kXy-k-‘-ambn s]cp-am-dm\pw amXr-Im-]-c-amb s]cp-am‰ ioe-ßƒ Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw klm-bn-°p∂ Adnhv B¿÷n-°-em-Wv ss\XnI hnZym-`ymkw ss\XnI hnZym-`ym-k-Øns‚ {]k-‡nbpw {]m[m-\yhpw PohnX aqey-ßfpw kwkv°m-chpw hf¿ØpI F∂Xv hnZym-`ym-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\ e£y-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wv. ss\XnI hnZym-`ymkw Ip´n-Isf B hgn°v \bn-°p-∂p. amdn-sIm-≠n-cn- °p∂ PohnX kml-N-cy-ßƒ Ip´n-I-fn¬ henb {]Xn-k-‘n-Iƒ krjvSn-°p∂p≠v. CXv XcWw sNøp-hm\pw PohnX aqey-ßƒ Db¿Øp-hm\pw ss\XnI hnZym-`ymkw klm-b-I-am-Ipw. imkv{Xw AXn-thKw hf-cp∂p ˛ Ch-bpsS \∑-Xn-∑-Iƒ Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ip´n-Iƒ {]m]vX- cm-tI-≠-Xp-≠v. imkv{X-Øns‚ hf¿® Pohn-X-Øns‚ icn-bmb Db¿®-bv°p-XIpw hn[w Ip´n- Iƒ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa-¶n¬ Pohn-X-aq-ey-ßƒ Bh-iy-am-Wv. CØcw aqeyßƒ samss_¬ t^m¨, C‚¿s\-‰v, Sn hn, Iºyq-´¿ F∂n-h-bpsS D]-tbmKw icn-bmb coXn-bn¬ {]tbm-P-\-s∏- Sp-Øp-hm\pw Zpcp-]-tbmKw XS-bp-hm\pw klm-bn-°p-∂p. ss\Xn-I-hn-Zym-`ymkw Cu hn[Øn¬ Ip´n-Isf {]m]vX-am-°p-∂p. amXm ˛ ]nXm ˛ Kpcp ssZhw F∂Xv `mc-Xob Nn¥-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-LSIam-Wv. amXm- ]n-Xm-°-sfbpw Kpcp-°-∑m-scbpw _lp-am-\n-°p∂ kwkvImcw Ip´n-I-fn¬ sNdp-{]mbw apXte ioen-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. CtXm-sSm∏w kl-Po-hn-I-tfmSv A\p-I-ºbpw _lp-am-\-hp-sa√mw hf-tc-≠Xv Btcm-Ky-I-c-amb kmaq-lnI Pohn-X-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\ Bh-iy-am-Wv. Cu hn[w -\√ioe-ß- tfmsS hnZym¿∞n-Isf ]cn-]m-en-°p-hm≥ ss\Xn-I-hn-Zym-`ymkw klm-b-I-am-hp-∂p. sshIm-cnI hf¿®-bpsS L´-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv Ip´n-I-fpsS kvIqƒ ]T-\-ImeL´w IS-∂p- t]m-Ip-∂-Xv. Cu L´-Øn¬ icn-bmb aqey-ßƒ Ah-cn¬ hf¿Øn-bm¬ kaq-l-Ønse ZpjvsN- bvXn-I-fn¬s]´v t]mImsX Ahsc ]cn-]m-en-°m-hp-∂-XmWv. ss\XnI hnZym-`ymkw Ip´n-Isf t_m[-ap-ff ]uc-∑m-cmbn Db¿Øp-∂p. temImtcmKy kwL-S\ (World Health Organization) \n¿t±-in-°p∂ 10 PohoX ss\]p-Wn- Iƒ B¿Pn-°p-∂Xv Ip´n-Iƒ°v icn-bmb coXn-bn¬ Pohn-°p-∂-Xn\pw Poh-X-Øn¬ A`n-ap-Jo-I- 148 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 cn-°p∂ {]iv\ß- sf ^e-{]-Za- mbn ssIImcyw sNøp-∂X - n\pw klm-bI - c - a - m-hpw. Pohn-Xs - Ø°pdn- 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 ®p≈ ic-nbmb Adn-hns‚bpw Pohn-X-tØm-Sp≈ DNn-X-amb at\m-`m-h-Øn-s‚bpw ASn-ÿm-\- 123456789 123456789 123456789 Øn¬ cq]w sIm≈p∂ s]cp-am-‰-ßfpw ioeßfpw `mhn-bn¬ {]iv\ ]cn-lm-c-Øn\v Ip´n-Isf 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 klm-bn-°pw. CØ-c-Øn¬ Ip´n-Isf k÷-cm-°p∂Xn\p th≠n PohnXss\]pWn hnZym-`ymkw 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 ^e-{]-Z-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°mw. 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 {]h¿Ø\w 1 (ssa\¿ sKbnw) 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 t\Xm-hns\ Is≠-Ø¬ (Findout the leader) 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 Hcmƒ ss^≥U¿ Bb-Xn-\p-tijw _m°n F√m Ip´n-Ifpw hrØm-Ir-Xn-bn¬ \n¬°p-I. 123456789 123456789 123456789 ss^≥Usd hrØ-Øn¬ \n∂v Ipd-®p-Ise am‰n \n¿Øp-I. AXn\p tijw hrØ-Øn¬ 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 \n¬°p∂ Ip´n-I-fn¬ \n∂v Hcmsf eoU-dmbn sXc-s™-Sp-°p-I. eoU¿ ImWn-°p∂ {]h¿Ø- 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 \-ßƒ _m°n-bp≈h¿ A\p-I-cn-°p∂p eoUsd t\m°m-sXbpw eoU-tdm-sSm-∏hp-amWv C{]- 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 Imcw sNtø-≠-Xv. (DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v ¢m∏nw-Kv, Pw]nw-Kv, ssIIƒ Id-°¬, ssI°p-g-Iƒ, ssIhn- 123456789 123456789 123456789 c-hp-Iƒ F∂nh aS-°p-Ibpw \nh¿Øp-Ibpw sNø¬....) ss^≥Usd hyØ-Øn-\-Sp-tØ°v hnfn- 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 °p-I. BcmWv eoU¿ Bbn {]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv F∂v I≠p ]nSn-t°-≠Xv ss^≥U¿ BWv. 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 ss^≥U¿ Hcn-S-Øp-Xs∂ \n¬°m≥ ]mSn√. hrØ-Øn-\p-≈n-eqsS Abmƒ \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn- 123456789 123456789 123456789 °Ww. CS-bv°n-Sbv°v eoU¿ BwKy-ßƒ am‰n-s°m≠ncn°-Ww. eoU¿ Bcm-sW∂v ss^≥U¿ 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 I≠p-]nSn-®m¬ ASpØ XhW B eo-U¿ Bbn-cn-°pw ss^≥Udmth-≠-Xv. eoUsd I≠p-]-Sn- °p-∂-Xn\v ss^≥U¿°v ]c-am-h[n aq∂v Ah-k-c-ßƒ \¬Imw. Cu aq∂v Ah-c-ß-fnepw ss^≥U¿°v eoUsd Is≠-Øm≥ km[n-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ eoU¿°v kzbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v ss^≥U¿ BImw. F√m Ip´n-Iƒ°pw eoUdpw ss^≥Udpw BIm-\p≈ Ah-kcw krjvSn-°W - w. {]h¿Ø\w ˛ 2 (s]mXp N¿®) $ Cu Ifn-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\v GsX√mw tijn-I-fmWv Bh-iy-am-bn- h-∂Xv? $ ss^≥U¿ Bb Ip´n-I-fn¬ Ipd-®p-t]¿°v eoUsd I≠p-]-Sn-°m≥ km[n-®p. F∂m¬ a‰p Nne¿°v aq∂p Ah-kcßƒ In´n-bn´pw eoUsd Is≠-Øm≥ km[n-®n√ F¥psIm≠v? $ ÿnc-ambn CØcw Ifn-I-fn¬ G¿s∏-Sp∂Xphgn \nß-ƒ°v GsXms° tijn-hn-Im-k- ßƒ t\Sm-\mhpw? (hy‡n-KX {]Xn-I-cWw ˛ Ub-dn-bn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø¬) Findout the leader F∂ Ifn-bn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\pw eoUsd Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn\pw hnhn[ tijn-Iƒ Bh-iy-am-Wv. AXp-t]mse hy‡n-Iƒ°v kaq-l-Øn¬ Pohn-°p-∂-Xn\pw Pohn- X-{]-iv\ß - sf ^e-{]-Za - mbn A`n-ap-Jo-Ic - n-°p-∂X - n\pw CØcw PohnX ss\]p-Wn-Iƒ hfsc AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. PohnX ss\]p-Wn-Iƒ (Life skills) Pohn-X-Ønse hyXyÿ kml-N-cy-ßƒ/ {]iv\-ßƒ F∂n-hsb ^e-{]-Z-ambn t\cn-Sp-∂-Xn\v Hcp hy‡n B¿÷n-t°≠ Ign-hp-I-fmWv PohnX ss\]p-Wn-Iƒ ]Øv PohnX ss\]p-Wn-I- fmWv CØ-c-Øn¬ temIm-tcm-Ky-kw-L-S\ (WHO) hn`m-h\w sNbvXn-´p-≈Xv. 1. kzbwAdn-bpI (Self Awareness) Ah-\-hs‚ IgnhpIfpw ]c-nan-Xn-Ifpw Xncn-®-dn-bm\pw Ign-hp-Iƒ ]c-am-h[n hnI-kn-∏n-°p- hm\pw ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ XcWw sNøm-\p-ap≈ tijn. 2. {Inbm-ﬂI Nn¥ (Creative Thinking) ]pXp-a-bm¿∂ A\p-`-h-ßƒ D≠m-°p-tºmƒ hyXyÿambn Nn¥n-°m-\pap≈ Ign-hv. 149 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 1234567890 1234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 3. hna¿i-\m-ﬂ-I Nn¥ (Critical Thinking) 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 Hcp kwK-Xn-bpsS KpW-h-i-ßfpw tZmj-h-i-ßfpw hy‡-ambn a\-kn-em°n A\p-tbm-Py- 234567890 234567890 234567890 amb kao-]\w kzoI-cn-°m-\p≈ Ign-hv. 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 4. Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°¬ (Decision Making) 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 Poh-X-Øn¬ Npcp-ßnb kabw sIm≠v G‰hpw DNn-X-amb Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°m\pw DØ-c-hm- 234567890 234567890 234567890 ZnØt_m[-tØmsS AXv \S-∏m-°m-\p-ap≈ Ign-hv. 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 5. {]iv\]cn-l-cWtijn (Problem Solving Skill) 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 Pohn-X-Øn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ k¶o¿Æ-amb {]iv\-ßƒ eLq-I-cn®v Ah A]-{K-Yn®v th≠ ]cn- 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 lmcw Is≠-Øm-\p≈ Ign-hv. 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 6. Bibhn\n-abtijn (Communication Skill) 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 Hcp hy‡n°v kz¥w Bi-b-ßƒ hy‡-ambn {]I-Sn-∏n-°m\pw a‰p-≈-h¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv {i≤n- 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 °m-\p-ap≈ Ign-hv. 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 7. hy‡ym¥c_‘w (Interpersonal Relationship) 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 Pohn-X-Øns‚ Hmtcm L´-Ønepw ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp∂ hy‡n-I-tfmSv DNn-X-amb coXnbnep≈ 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 _‘w ÿm]n-°m\pw \ne-\n¿Øm-\p-ap≈ Ign-hv. 234567890 234567890 234567890 8. A\p-Xm]w (Empathy) as‰mcp hy‡n A\p-`-hn-°p∂ hnIm-c-ßƒ AtX Xo{h-X-tbmsS Dƒs°m-≠v, AXn-\\p-k- cn®v s]cp-am-dm-\p≈ Ign-hv. 9. hnIm-c-ß-fp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏-S¬ (Coping with Emotions) a\pjy klP-amb tIm]w, kt¥m-jw, \ncm-i, kvt\lw DXvIWvT XpS-ßnb hnIm-c- ßƒ Xncn-®-dn-bm\pw Ah \nb-{¥n®v PohnXØn\p-]-I-cn°pw hn[w {]tbm-P\s∏Sp-Øm- \p-ap≈ Ign-hv. 10. am\-knI kΩ¿±-ß-fp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏-S¬ (Coping with Stress) Pohn-X-Øn¬ kΩ¿±-ap-≠m-°p∂ kml-N-cy-ßƒ ^e-{]-Z-ambn t\cn-Sm\pw kΩ¿±w Pohn- XsØ _m[n-°mØ hn[w \nb-{¥n®p \n¿Øm-\p-ap≈ Ign-hv. {]h¿Ø\w 3 ({Kq∏v N¿®) {]h¿Ø\w 1 s‚ A\p`-h-Øn¬ hnhn[ Ifn-I-fnte¿s∏-SpI hgn temIm-tcm-Ky-kw-L-S\ hn`m-h\w sNbvXn-´p-ff Pohn-X-ss\-]p-Wn-Iƒ Ip´n-Iƒ Fßs\ hf¿Øm-sa∂v N¿® sNøp-I. {][m\ Bi-b-ßƒ ˛ ss\XnI hnZym-`ymkw (Value Education) {]k-‡nbpw {]m[m-\yhpw ˛ PohnX ss\]p-Wn-Iƒ (Life Skills) F¥v? F¥n\v? XpS¿{]-h¿Ø\w \nXy-Po-hn-X-Ønse hnhn[ kμ¿`-ß-fn¬ A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp∂ {]iv\-ßsf ^e-{]-Z-ambn t\cn- Sp-∂-Xn\v \nßƒ ]cn-N-b-s∏´ PohnX ss\]p-Wn-Iƒ Fßs\ klm-bn-°p-∂p. (kvIn‰p-Iƒ, tdmƒtπ, kwhm-Z-ßƒ, skan-\m-dp-Iƒ XpS-ßnb X{¥-ßƒ {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww) d^-d≥kv 1. D√m-k-]-d-h-Iƒ ˛ Std VIII, IX, X 2. Life skills Education - Prof. Bhagyashree. A Dudhade Bookman Publication (Neelkamal) 150 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 bqWn‰v ˛ 2 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 ImbnI {]h¿Ø\ßƒ 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 BapJw 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 Ip´nIfnse ImbnI£aX, ImbnI {]h¿Ø\ßƒ, BtcmKyw Ch XΩnep≈ _‘amWv Cu 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 bqWn‰n¬ hnhcn°p∂Xv. Bib]cambn Cu bqWn‰n¬ tN¿Øncn°p∂ hnhcßƒ 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 BtcmKyImbnIhnZym`ymkØn\v Hcp ASnØdbpw hnebncpØepIƒ°v Hcp hymJym\hpamIpw. 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 ImbnI£aX ˛ \n¿Δ-N-\-ßƒ 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 1. ssZ\wZn\w {]h¿Ø\ßƒ Du¿÷kzeXtbmSpIqSn Imcy£aambn \n¿Δln-°p∂Xn\pw 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 PohnXØnse AXymhiy kμ¿`ßfn¬ Bhiyambn hcp∂ A[nI {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ 123456789 123456789 123456789 G¿s∏Sm\p≈ Du¿÷w Ahtijn°pIbpw sNøp∂ AhÿbmWv ImbnI£aX (Physi- 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 cal fitness). 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 2. ""BtcmKy{]iv\ßƒ Ipd™Xpw GXpXcw ImbnI {]h¿Ø\ßfnte¿s∏Sm\p≈ IcpØv 123456789 123456789 123456789 ssIs°m≠pw D≈ Hcp t£amhÿbmWv ImbnI£aX'' (luen B‚ v {^m¶vkv ˛ 1997) 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 3. ""ImbnI {]h¿Ø\w \n¿h-ln-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Ign-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´v Bfp-Iƒ B¿Pn-°p∂ 123456789 123456789 Hcp Iq´w hntij KpW-ßƒ'' (bp.F-kv.U - n-∏m¿´vsa‚ v Hm^v sl¬Øv B‚ v lqa≥ k¿hokv 1996). ImbnI£aX c≠pXcØnep≠v 1. BtcmKykw_‘amb ImbnI£aX 2. {]IS\kw_‘amb ImbnI£aX 1. BtcmKykw_-‘-amb ImbnI£aX (Health Related Physical Fitness) hymbm-a-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw ImbnI {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw Hcp hy‡nsb BtcmKy]c-amb D∂- Xn-bn-te-s°-Øn-°p∂ £a-X-bmWv BtcmKy kw_-‘-amb ImbnI£a-X. CXv Hcp hy‡n- bpsS lrZb izmk-tIm-i-£-a-X-bpw, t]in-I-fpsS _ehpw hg-°hpw ÿnc-X-bp-sam° sa®-s∏- Sp-Øp-Ibpw \√ icoc A\p-]mXw (Body Composition) \ne-\n¿Øp-∂X - n\v klm-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. 2. {]I-S\ kw_-‘-amb Imbn-I-£-aX (Performance Related Physical Fitness) ImbnI Imbn-tI-Xc {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ Hcp hy‡n-bpsS {]I-S-\hpw ss\]p-Wnbpw sa®-s∏-Sp- Øp-∂-Xn\pw hnI-kn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-am-h-iy-amb £a-X-bmWv {]I-S\ kw_-‘-amb ImbnI£a- X-sb∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv. thK-w (Speed), Npdp-Np-dp-°v (Agility), k¥p-e-\w (Balance), GtIm-]\w (Cordination) i‡n (Power) {]Xn-I-cn-°m-\p≈ kabw (Reaction Time) XpS-ßnbh CXns‚ LS- I-ß-fm-Wv. BtcmKykw_‘amb ImbnI£aXm LSIßƒ lrZb˛izk\£aX (Cardio-Respiratory Endurance) IqSp-X¬ kabw \o≠p \n¬°p∂ ImbnI {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ HmIvknP≥ e`n°p∂Xn\v lrZbØns‚bpw izmk-tIm-i-Øn-s‚bpw Ign-hp- ambn _‘-s∏-´-XmWv Cu £a-X. Abhv (Flexibility) k‘nIfnse Ne\ kzmX{¥yØns‚ tXmXmWv Abhv kqNn∏n°p∂Xv. 151 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 1234567890 1234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 t]ioÿncX (Muscular Endurance) 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 £oWn°msX XpS¿®bmbn {]IS\w \SØm\p≈ t]inIfpsS IgnhmWnXv. 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 t]io_ew (Muscular Strength) 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 t]inIfpsS IcpØv {]ISn∏n°m\p≈ Ignhpambn _‘s∏´ ImbnI£aXbpsS LSIamWv 234567890 234567890 234567890 t]io_ew. 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 icocA\p-]mXw (Body Composition) 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 B\p-]m-Xn-I-amb Af-hn¬ t]in, sImgp-∏v, Aÿn, Pew F∂nh a\pjy ico-co-Øn¬ D≠m- 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 tI≠ Ah-ÿ-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-XmWv icoc kwc-N-\. 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 {]IS\kw_‘amb ImbnI£aXmLSIßƒ 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 kv t ]m¿Sv k nepw Ne\sshZKv [ yØnepw h¿≤n® {]IS\w \SØp∂Xpambn _‘s∏´ 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 ImbnI£aXm LSIamWnXv 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 NpdpNpdp°v (Agility) 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 thKXtbmsSbpw IrXyXtbmsSbpw Hcp ÿeØp\n∂pw as‰mcp ÿetØbv°v amdm\p≈ 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 icocØns‚ IgnhmWnXv. k¥pe\w (Balance) Nen°ptºmtgm, \n›eambncn°ptºmtgm k¥pe\mhÿ \ne\n¿Øp∂Xpambn _‘s∏´XmWv Cu LSIw. GtIm]\w (Cordination) ico-c-Øns‚ Ne-\-ßsf ^e-{]-Z-ambn ka-\z-bn-∏n-°m-\p≈ Ign-hv. IcpØv (Power) i‡nbpsSbpw thKØns‚bpw ka\zbamWv IcpØv. thKw (Speed) Npcpßnb kabw sIm≠v Hcp Ne\w km[yamIm\p≈ IgnhmWv thKw F∂p]dbp∂Xv. hmanMv˛A∏v, hmwUu¨˛BhiyIX hmanMv˛A∏v ITn\amb ImbnI {]h¿Ø\ßƒ°v icocsØ k÷am°p∂Xn\v th≠n sNøp∂ eLphymbmaapdIfmWv hmanMv ˛ A∏v F∂XpsIm≠v Dt±in°p∂Xv. ImbnI {]IS\w sa®s∏Sp∂Xn\pw ]cn°pIƒ hcmXncn°p∂Xn\pw £oWw Ipdbv°p∂Xn\pw hmanMv˛A∏v klmbn°p∂p. imcocnIhpw am\knIhpamb XbmsdSp∏mWv hmanMv˛A∏neqsS e£yanSp∂Xv. hmanMv˛A∏v s]mXpsh c≠mbn XcwXncn®ncn°p∂p. 1. 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CXv Hmtcm 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 ImbnI C\Øn\pw hyXykvXambncn°pw. 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 hmw˛Uu¨ 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 ITn\amb ImbnI {]h¿Ø\ßƒ°ptijw icocsØ ]q¿ΔÿnXnbnte°v sIm≠phcp∂ 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 coXnbmWv hmw˛Uu¨. ITn\amb ImbnI {]h¿Ø\ßfneqsS D≠mIphm\nSbp≈ 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 t]inIfpsS £oWhpw, ImTn\yhpw ]cn°pIfpw Hcp ]cn[nhsc Ipdbv°p∂Xn\v hmw Uu¨ 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 FIvk¿sskkpIƒ klmbn°p∂p. 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 ssa\¿ sKbnapIƒ 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 GXp kmlNcyØnepw Ifn°mhp∂Xpw enJnX \nbamhenItfm \nb{¥Wßtfm C√mØXpw, 123456789 123456789 123456789 efnXambn Bkq{XWw sNbv X v , AXymhiyw th≠ \n¿tZißƒ ]men®psIm≠v G¿s∏Sp∂Xpamb IfnIfmWv ssa\¿ sKbnapIƒ. CØcw IfnIƒ°v efnXamb D]IcWßfpw ]cnanXamb ÿekuIcyßfpw am{XamWv Bhiyap≈Xv. {]mbt`Zsat\y F√mhn`mKw BfpIƒ°pw CØcw {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ G¿s∏Sp∂Xn\v km[n°p∂p. kμ¿`Øn\-\pkcn®v Bhiyamb t`Z-K-Xn-Iƒ hcpØn Ifnsb BI¿j-I-am-°p-hm≥ Ifn \nb- {¥n-°p-∂-h¿°v sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. hnt\m-Z-Øn\pw hn⁄m-\-Øn-\p-a-∏pdw Imbn-I-£-aX ssIh- cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn\pw CØcw ssa\¿ sKbn-ap-I-fn-eqsS km[n-°p-∂p. \ap°v Nne ssa\¿sK-bn-ap-Iƒ ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpIbpw ]cnioen°pIbpw sNømw. 1. F{X-t]¿..........-F-{X-t]¿ Ip´n-Iƒ hrØm-Ir-Xn-bn¬ tPmKv (hfsc kmh-[m-\-Øn¬ HmSp-∂p) sNøp-∂p. Ifn \nb-{¥n-°p- ∂-bmƒ HmSn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Ip´n-I-tfmSv F{X-t]¿....F{X-t]¿ F∂v tNmZn-°p-∂p. HmSp∂ Ip´n-Iƒ ]d-bq...-]-d-bq... F∂v]d-bp-∂p. CXv ]e-X-hW Bh¿Øn-°p-∂p. XpS¿∂v Ifn \nb-{¥n- °p-∂-bmƒ Hcp kwJy ]d-bp-Ibpw Ip´n-Iƒ AX-\p-k-cn®v {Kq∏m-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. {Kq∏n¬s∏- SmsX t]mIp-∂-h¿ Ifn-bn¬ \n∂pw ]pd-Øm-hp-∂p. 2. tUmUvPv t_mƒ Ip´n-Isf A, B F∂n-ßs\ c≠v {Kq∏m-°p-∂p. {Kq∏nse Ip´n-I-fpsS FÆ-a-\p-k-cn®v F√m- h¿°pw \n¬°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-hn-[-ap≈ hrØ-Øns‚ D≈n¬ A group Dw B group hrØ-Øns‚ shfn-bnepw \n¬°p-∂p. shfn-bn¬ \n¬°p∂ Ifn-°m¿ t_mƒ Im¬ap-´n\v Xmsg-sb-dn™v D≈n-ep-≈-hsc Ifn-bn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øm-°m≥ {ian-°p-∂p. hrØ-Øn\v shfn-bn¬ \n∂ Ifn- °m¿ hrØ-Øn-\p-≈nepw D≈n¬ \n∂-h¿ hrØ-Øn\v shfn-bn-ep-ambn Ifn XpS-cp-∂p. \n›n- X-k-abw \¬In-s°m≠v G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ Ifn-°msc ]pd-Øm-°p∂ Soans\ hnP-bn-bmbn {]Jym- ]n-°p-∂p. \mS≥ Ifn-Iƒ ({]mtZ-inI Ifn-Iƒ) {]mtZ-inI Xe-Øn-ep≈ \nb-a-ßfpw \nb-{¥-W-ßfpw A\p-k-cn®v Bkq-{XWw sNbvXv \S- ∏m-°p∂ Ifn-I-fmWv \mS≥ Ifn-Iƒ. {]tXyI ÿe-ß-fn¬/\mSp-I-fn¬ ]c-º-cm-K-X-ambn Nne 153 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 1234567890 1234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 Ifn-Iƒ A\p-h¿Øn®p hcp-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. kam-\-amb coXn-bn¬ Ifn-°p∂ CØcw Ifn- 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 Iƒ Hmtcm ÿeØpw Hmtcm t]cp-I-fn-emWv Adn-b-s∏-´n-cp-∂-Xv. CØcw Ifn-Iƒ Imbn-I-]-c- 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 amb tijn-Iƒ hnI-kn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn\pw klm-b-I-c-am-Wv. Nne-\m-S≥ Ifn- 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 Iƒ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Smw. 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 Infn-Ø-´p-Ifn 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 ]{¥≠v I≈n-I-fp≈ Hcp Zo¿L-N-Xpcw Ifn-ÿ-eØv hc®v AXns‚ hc-bn-eqsS Hcp Ip´n Infn- 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 bmbn HmSpw. hne-ß-s\-bp≈ Hmtcm hcbpw X´v F∂m-W-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. FXn¿ kwL-Øn¬ 234567890 234567890 234567890 \mtem, At©m t]¿ X´p-Iƒ IS∂v adp-h-i-sØ-Øm≥ {ian-°p-∂p. Infn-bpsS Soan-ep-≈-h¿ 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 FXn¿So-an-ep≈ hsc XS-bp-hm≥ Hmtcm X´nepw ÿm\-ap-d-∏n-®n-´p-≠m-hpw. Ahsc I_-fn-∏n-®p- 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 thWw X´v IS-°p-hm≥. X´v IS-°p-∂X - n-\n-Sb - n¬ Infn sXmSp-Ibpw sNø-cp-Xv. adp-hi - s - Ø-Øn- 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 bm¬ t]mbn‚ v e`n-°pw. CXv "D∏v' F∂mWv ]d-bp-∂X - v. IqSp-X¬ D∏v e`n-°p∂ Sow hnP-bn-°pw. 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 taP¿ sKbnwkv 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 enJnX \nb-am-h-en-Iƒ A\p-k-cn-®psIm≠v kwL-Sn-∏n-°p∂ Ifn-I-sf-bmWv taP¿ sKbnwkv 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 F∂p-]d - b - p-∂X - v. CØcw sKbn-ap-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂X - n\v \n›nX \ne-hm-cØ - nepw \njv°¿jn- 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 234567890 ®n-´p≈ Af-hn-ep-ap≈ Ifn-°-f-ßfpw AXym-h-iy-amWv. ]s¶-Sp-°p∂ Ifn-°m-cpsS FÆ-Ønepw 234567890 234567890 234567890 a’-c-ssZ¿Ly-Ønepw hy‡-amb \n¿tZ-i-ßƒ ]men-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. CØcw am¿§-\n¿tZ-i-ßƒ Xbm-dm-°p-∂Xpw Imem-\p-kr-X-ambn ]cn-jv°-cn-°p-∂Xpw hnhn[ A¥¿tZ-iob Imbn-I-kw- L-S\/Atkm-kn-tb-j-\p-I-fm-Wv. ^pSvt_mƒ, thmfnt_mƒ, _mUvan‚¨, I_Un F∂o taP¿ sKbnapIƒ \ap°v ]cnNbs∏Smw. ^pSvt_mƒ temI-Ønse G‰hpw P\-{]n-bhpw {]Nm-c-hp-ap-≈-Xp-amb Ifn-bmWv ^pSvt_mƒ. Cu Ifn-bpsS D¤-hsØ°pdn®v hy‡-amb hnh-c-ßƒ e`y-a-√. F¶nepw {Koknepw _m_n-tem-Wn-b-bnepw ^pSvt_mƒ Ifn-bpsS {]mKvcq-]-ßƒ {]N-cn-®n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ B[p-\nI ^pSvt_m-fns‚ Cu‰n- √-ambn IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp∂Xv Cw -≠m-Wv. 1904˛¬ cq]w sIm≠ "^n^' (s^U-td-j≥ C‚¿ \mj-W¬ Un ^pSvt_mƒ Atkm-kn-tb-j≥˛FIFA) BWv C∂v ^pSvt_mƒ Ifnsb temIØv \nb-{¥n-°p-∂-Xv. thmfn-t_mƒ Hcp \q‰m-≠n\v apºv I≠p-]n-Sn®v Ifn-®p-h-∂n-cp∂ thmfn-t_mƒ sKbn-an¬ \n∂v hfsc hyXy- kvX-amWv C∂sØ thmfn-t_mƒ sKbnw. 1895˛¬ hneyw Po tam¿K≥ F∂ Ata-cn-°-°m-c- \mWv thmfn-t_mƒ Ifn°v cq]w \¬In-b-Xv. ant‚ms\‰v F∂ t]cn-emWv BZy-Im-eØv Cu Ifn Adn-bs- ∏-´n-cp-∂X - v. 1896˛¬ s{]m^.-F.-Sn.-lm¬ÃUv Cu Ifn°v thmfn-t_mƒ F∂v t]cn-´p. s^U-td-j≥ C‚¿\m-jW - ¬ Un thmfn-t_mƒ-˛FIVB) BWv Cu sKbn-ans\ \nb-{¥n-°p-∂X - v. _mUvan‚≥ Cw -≠nse mk-sÃ¿sj-b¿ _mUvan‚¨ FtÃ-‰n¬ Ifn-®n-cp∂ Ifn-sb∂ A¿∞-Øn-emWv Cu Ifn°v _mUvan‚≥ F∂ t]cp-e-`n-®-Xv. CsXmcp C≥tUm¿ sKbn-am-bmWv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- sX-¶nepw Xpd∂ ÿe-ß-fnepw Ifn-°m-dp≠v. 1934˛¬ C‚¿\m-j-W¬ _mUvan‚≥ s^U-td- j≥-˛IBF (sF._n.-F-^v) cq]o-I-cn-®p. I_Un \mem-bn-c-tØmfw h¿jsØ Ncn-{X-ap≈ I_Un C¥ybn-ep-S-\ofw ]e t]cp-I-fnepw Ifn-®n- cp-∂p. hfsc sNdnb Ifn-ÿew am{Xta Cu Ifn°v Bh-iy-ap-≈q. 1973˛¬ Aa-Nz¿ I_Un 154 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 89 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 s^U-td-j≥ cq]o-I-cn-®p. 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Iwss_≥Uv C\-ßƒ 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 4. amc-tØm¨ 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 5. t{ImkvI¨{Sn a’-c-ßƒ 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 6. \SØ a’cw 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 {Sm°v C\-ßƒ 123456789 123456789 123456789 100 ao‰¿ apX¬ 10,000 ao‰¿ hsc-bp≈ hnhn[ a’-c-ßƒ Hcp sNdnb ÿeØv kwL-Sn-∏n-°p- hm≥ ]mI-Øn-\mWv {Sm°v cq] Iev]\ sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. c≠v I¿hpw (Curve) c≠v

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