ACID vs BASE Properties in Databases PDF

204 ACID vs BASE Properties in Databases ** ACID and BASE are two sets of properties that represent different approaches to handling ** ** ** transactions in database systems. They reflect trade-offs between consistency, availability, and...

204 ACID vs BASE Properties in Databases ** ACID and BASE are two sets of properties that represent different approaches to handling ** ** ** transactions in database systems. They reflect trade-offs between consistency, availability, and * partition tolerance, especially in distributed databases. * ACID Properties ** Definition: ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. It's a set of ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** properties that guarantee reliable processing of database transactions. (favors consistency)* * * * * ** ** * *** Components: *** **~ Atomicity: Ensures that a transaction is either fully completed or not executed at all. ~** * * *** *** **~ Consistency: Guarantees that a transaction brings the database from one valid state to ~** * * *** another. *** **~ Isolation: Ensures that concurrent transactions do not interfere with each other. ~** *** *** **~ Durability: Once a transaction is committed, it remains so, even in the event of a system ~** *** *** failure. *** Example: Consider a bank transfer from one account to another. The transfer operation (debit *** * * * * from one account and credit to another) must be atomic, maintain the consistency of total * * * ** *** * ** ** funds, be isolated from other transactions, and changes must be permanent. * * ** ** * * ** *** *** Use Cases: Ideal for systems requiring high reliability and data integrity, like banking or *** ** ** ** ** *** *** financial systems. BASE Properties ** Definition: BASE stands for Basically Available, Soft state, and Eventual consistency. It's an ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** * alternative to ACID in distributed systems, favoring availability over consistency. ** ** ~~ ~~ * *** Components: *** **~ Basically Available: Indicates that the system is available most of the time. ~** *** ** * **~ Soft State: The state of the system may change over time, even without input. ~** *** *** **~ Eventual Consistency: The system will eventually become consistent, given enough time. ~** *** *** *** Example: A social media platform using a BASE model may show different users different *** * * * counts of likes on a post for a short period but eventually, all users will see the correct count. * * * * * *** Use Cases: Suitable for distributed systems where availability and partition tolerance are more *** * * ** ** ** ** * critical than immediate consistency, like social networks or e-commerce product catalogs. ~~ ~~* *** *** *** *** [BASE] ~ ~ Key Differences *** Consistency and Availability: *** ** ACID prioritizes consistency and reliability of each transaction, ** * * *** *** ** ** * while BASE prioritizes system availability and partition tolerance, allowing for some level * ** ** *** *** ** ** * of data inconsistency. * *** System Design: *** ** ACID is generally used in traditional relational databases, ** *** *** * while BASE is often associated with NoSQL and distributed databases. * ** ** *** *** * * *** Use Case Alignment: *** ** ACID is well-suited for applications requiring strong data integrity, ** ** ** * whereas BASE is better for large-scale applications needing high availability and * ** ** * * *** *** *** scalability. *** Conclusion ** ACID is critical for systems where transactions must be reliable and consistent, ** * * *** *** *** *** *** *** * while BASE is beneficial in environments where high availability and scalability are necessary, * ** ** *** *** *** *** and some degree of data inconsistency is acceptable. * *