ACID vs BASE Properties in Databases PDF

204 ACID vs BASE Properties in Databases ** ACID and BASE are two sets of properties that represent different approaches to handling ** ** ** transactions in database systems. They reflect trade-offs between consistency, availability,...

204 ACID vs BASE Properties in Databases ** ACID and BASE are two sets of properties that represent different approaches to handling ** ** ** transactions in database systems. They reflect trade-offs between consistency, availability, * and partition tolerance, especially in distributed databases. * ACID Properties ** Definition: ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. It's a set ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** of properties that guarantee reliable processing of database transactions. (favors * * * * * ** consistency) ** * *** Components: *** **~ Atomicity: Ensures that a transaction is either fully completed or not executed at ~** * * *** all. *** **~ Consistency: Guarantees that a transaction brings the database from one valid ~** * * *** state to another. *** **~ Isolation: Ensures that concurrent transactions do not interfere with each other. ~** *** *** **~ Durability: Once a transaction is committed, it remains so, even in the event of a ~** *** *** system failure. *** Example: Consider a bank transfer from one account to another. The transfer operation *** * * (debit from one account and credit to another) must be atomic, maintain the * * * * * ** *** * ** consistency of total funds, be isolated from other transactions, and changes must be ** * * ** ** * * ** permanent. *** *** Use Cases: Ideal for systems requiring high reliability and data integrity, like banking *** ** ** ** ** *** *** or financial systems. BASE Properties ** Definition: BASE stands for Basically Available, Soft state, and Eventual consistency. ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** It's an alternative to ACID in distributed systems, favoring availability over consistency. * ** ** ~~ ~~ * *** Components: *** **~ Basically Available: Indicates that the system is available most of the time. ~** *** ** * **~ Soft State: The state of the system may change over time, even without input. ~** *** *** **~ Eventual Consistency: The system will eventually become consistent, given ~** *** *** enough time. *** Example: A social media platform using a BASE model may show different users *** * * * different counts of likes on a post for a short period but eventually, all users will see the * * * * correct count. * *** Use Cases: Suitable for distributed systems where availability and partition tolerance *** * * ** ** ** ** are more critical than immediate consistency, like social networks or e-commerce * ~~ ~~* *** *** *** product catalogs. *** [BASE] ~ ~ Key Differences *** Consistency and Availability: *** ** ACID prioritizes consistency and reliability of each transaction, ** * * *** *** ** ** * while BASE prioritizes system availability and partition tolerance, allowing for * ** ** *** *** ** ** * some level of data inconsistency. * *** System Design: *** ** ACID is generally used in traditional relational databases, ** *** *** * while BASE is often associated with NoSQL and distributed databases. * ** ** *** *** * * *** Use Case Alignment: *** ** ACID is well-suited for applications requiring strong data integrity, ** ** ** * whereas BASE is better for large-scale applications needing high availability and * ** ** * * *** *** *** scalability. *** Conclusion ** ACID is critical for systems where transactions must be reliable and consistent, ** * * *** *** *** *** *** *** * while BASE is beneficial in environments where high availability and scalability are * ** ** *** *** *** *** necessary, and some degree of data inconsistency is acceptable. * *