Fall 2024 Neuropsychology Seminar Presentation PDF

Seminar: Neuropsychology Fall 2024 Dr. Tim J. Möller1,2,3,4,5,6 (He/him) 1Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany 2 Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, German...

Seminar: Neuropsychology Fall 2024 Dr. Tim J. Möller1,2,3,4,5,6 (He/him) 1Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany 2 Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany 3 St. Hedwig Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany 4 International Psychoanalytic University Berlin, Berlin, Germany 5 Touro University, Berlin, Germany 6 German federal armed forces Hospital, Berlin, Germany 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 1  Important information: Midterm Assignment: Task: Write a term paper of approximately 7 pages, including scientific references. Topic: Include a section explaining why you chose your specific topic. Please inform me of your topic beforehand. Deadline: Submit the term paper by December 5th. Bonus Opportunity: If you submit a printed version by November 14th, you will receive feedback by November 21st. Extra session: Monday, 16th December 9-11.30 Final Exam: Scheduled for December 19th. 05.12.2024 2  No meetings: 19 September (Video recording) 26 September (Video recording) 3 October 17 October 24 October 28 November 26 December 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 3  Marking/grades – Attendance/participation/extras – 10% – Midterm exam – 40% – Final exam -- 60% 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 4  Outline 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 5  Suggested Reading 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 6  Sparking interest about the field Neuropsychology Optogenetics: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Mmsah0v9Qc&pp=ygUMb3B0b2dlbmV 0aWNz https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FlGbznBmx8M https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=42bLSZnVf0g Neurosurgery while playing an instrument: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lVPDZQtRM7k Diffusion tensor imaging: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atLQVgUwnrY 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 7  Neuroanatomy Four central brain regions Präsentation neurologie 1 (slideshare.net) 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 8 The brains of the "animals" rat, cat, baboon, human https://gg.govt.nz/file/23051 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 9  Organisation of the Nervous System 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 10  Organisation of the Nervous System 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 11  Organisation of the Nervous System 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 12  Organisation of the Nervous System 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 13  Organisation of the Nervous System 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 14  Organisation of the Nervous System 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 15  Organisation of the Nervous System 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 16 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 17 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 18 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 19 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 20  Sidenote Characters from the series Power puff girls 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 21  Todays seminar in less than 2 minutes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=snO68aJTOpM 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 22  Seminar 2 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 23  Recap 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 24 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 25  https://www.yout ube.com/watch? v=DMGbf6pGOU g 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 26 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 27 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 28 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 29 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 30 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 31 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 32 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 33 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 34 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 35 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 36 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 37 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 38 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 39 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 40 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 41 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 42 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 43 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 44 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 45 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 46 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 47 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 48 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 49 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 50  Seminar 4 The occipital lobe 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 51 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 52 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 53 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 54 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 55 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 56 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 57 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 58 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 59 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 60 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 61 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 62 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 63 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 64 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 65 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 66 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 67 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 68 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 69 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 70 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 71 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 72 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 73 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 74  Seminar 6 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 75  Line up 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 76 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 77 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 78 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 79 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 80 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 81 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 82 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 83 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 84 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 85 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 86 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 87 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 88 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 89  Line up 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 90 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 91 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 92 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 93 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 94 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 95 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 96 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 97 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 98 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 99 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 100 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 101 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 102 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 103 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 104 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 105 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 106 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 107 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 108 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 109 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 110 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 111 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 112 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 113 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 114 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 115 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 116 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 117 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 118 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 119  Line up: Language 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 120 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 121  What is language? 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 122 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 123 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 124 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 125 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 126 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 127 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 128 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 129 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 130 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 131 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 132 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 133 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 134 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 135 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 136 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 137 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 138 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 139 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 140 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 141 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 142 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 143 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 144 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 145  they need the spatial location (Hippocampus) to store food. Birds who do it more have a bigger hippocampus. if you destroy their hippocampus, they wont find the stash anymore. Hippocampus increase in autumn when they have to remember more stashes. (neurons get stronger) 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 146 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 147 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 148  Also distance is measured by grid cells. They fire regularly, so you have a representation of space. As long as you move, you can figure out where you are. 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 149  Line up: Attention 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 150 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 151 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 152  More difficult because more distractors are present (dark colour is found more often). 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 153 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 154  Attention is like a flashlight. You focus on a specific letter and search like a flashlight. 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 155  Filter mechanism at different stages: E.g. Cocktailparty phenomenon – Cannot be explained by a filter mechanism. Rather information is saved and used for later attenuation. Semantic processing is happening first, then comes the filter 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 156   Unrewarded location has almost no firing rate.  Processing is not only on the earliest stage, but still early.  Probably top down processing involved 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 157 Is Multitasking possible? 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 158  Is Multitasking Possible? Multitasking Feasibility True multitasking depends on whether tasks use the same or different cognitive resources. Tasks that draw on different modalities (e.g., visual vs. auditory) are more likely to be performed simultaneously without significant interference. When tasks share the same modality (e.g., two visual tasks), performance typically declines due to resource competition. Multiple Resource Theory (MRT) by Christopher Wickens: Proposes that human cognitive resources are divided into separate "pools." Performance improves when tasks use distinct resource pool. Dimensions of MRT Processing Stages: Perception, cognition, and response execution. Perceptual Modalities: Visual, auditory, tactile. Processing Codes: Spatial (e.g., navigation) vs. verbal (e.g., speech). Response Modalities: Manual (e.g., writing) vs. vocal (e.g., speaking). Implications High Interference: Tasks using the same resource pool (e.g., visual-manual) hinder performance. Low Interference: Tasks using different resource pools (e.g., visual-spatial and auditory-verbal) enable effective multitasking. Example Scenarios: Effective Multitasking: Listening to a podcast while folding laundry. Ineffective Multitasking: Texting while driving. Conclusion: Multitasking is possible but highly dependent on task modality and resource allocation, as explained by MRT. 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 159 Is Multitasking possible? Wickens Multiple Resource Model 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 160  Line up: Development and Plasticity 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 161 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 162 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 163 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 164 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 165 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 166 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 167 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 168 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 169  Visual cortex doesn’t change much later on in life. However, other, especially fine motor skills, do. After experience, the density gets larger. Grey matter declines after 6-7 years, but white rises later on in life 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 170 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 171  Even when a child is deprived, they can recover to a specific point and have almost normal functional levels of the brain. 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 172  Until the 6th month of life, compensation is quite good. After the 6th month, the compensation gets increasingly worse. 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 173  Displayed is the auditory response to a stimulus. After birth the delay is usually around 200 ms, later in life around 60 ms. --> early implantation pays off! The early, the better! 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 174  Experiences shape the brain structure. E.g. bigger auditory cortex in musicians. Not limited to brain structure, but also brain function (i.e. bigger response in eeg measure) 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 175  ‘Magic' learning treshold. You have to get past this threshold to really learn. Otherwise the brain doesn’t save the new information. 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 176  Amputee on the right side: The area at the homunculus. where the arm was before, is shifted to the lip region (reorganisation of the brain) --> pain is perceived there) 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 177  Telescoping phenomenon. --> Affected people perceive the hand is placed at the elbow --> Because of the shift at the homunculus area. Intensity correlates with the degree of activation shift. Not only associated to pain, but also to the sensorymotor system (Maladaptive function) 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 178  Tactical stimulation counteracts these effects. You can counteract the maladaptation this way. (Training) 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 179 05.12.2024 Neuropsychology 180