How Society Is Organized PDF

Quarter 2 - Lesson 1 HOW SOCIETY IS ORGANIZED Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics Objectives: 1. Understand the meaning of social groups 2. Differentiate the various forms of social groups and analyze it’s functions; 3. Determine your social gro...

Quarter 2 - Lesson 1 HOW SOCIETY IS ORGANIZED Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics Objectives: 1. Understand the meaning of social groups 2. Differentiate the various forms of social groups and analyze it’s functions; 3. Determine your social groups Roxas Night Market SOCIAL GROUP can be defined as a collection of people who regularly interact with one another on the basis of shared expectations concerning behavior and who share a sense of common identity and as a result of this interaction, the members of group, feel a common sense of belonging. AGGREGATE cluster of people who may be on close physical proximity but do not interact with one another CATEGORY a collection of people with common traits and interests. These people may not be physically together, and may have limited to no social interaction at all, but their common status evokes a sense of belongingness and identity. INTERDEPENDENCE necessary condition that exists within social groups. enables members to pursue shared goals or promote common values and principles. COLLECTIVITY refers to a cluster of people interacting with one another in a passing or short-lived manner SOCIAL GROUP ACCORDING TO TIES PRIMARY GROUP It is a long-lasting group whose members have intimate, personal, continuous, face-to-face relationships. Characterized by strong ties of love and affection, personal identity with group, mutuality of interest, cooperation and a “we” feeling.  CHARLES HORTON COOLEY An American sociologist, introduces the concept of primary group to describe certain groups in the society. Cooley regarded the families as primary groups, because they are the first groups experienced by an individual. SOCIAL GROUP ACCORDING TO TIES SECONDARY GROUP It is usually large in size, not very enduring and with limited relationships, weak ties of affection, weak personal identity with the group and limited face-to- face interaction Characterized by impersonal, business-like, contractual, formal and casual relationships.  SOCIAL GROUP ACCORDING TO TIES PRIMARY GROUP SECONDARY GROUP - Personal and intimate Long-term - Impersonal and less intimate relationship Short-term relationship - High sense of group identity - Low sense of group identity - Small in size - Usually larger in size - Ends in themselves - Means to an end SOCIAL GROUPS ACCORDING ORGANIZATIONS SOCIAL GROUP ACCORDING TO ORGANIZATIONS IN-GROUP It is a social unit to which individuals feel at home and with which they identify. It produces a “WE FEELING”  William Graham Sumner (in- group, out-group) SOCIAL GROUP ACCORDING TO SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS OUT-GROUP It is a social unit in which individuals do not belong due to differences in certain social categories and with which they do not identify. Often viewed as “THEY” SOCIAL GROUPS ACCORDING TO REFERENCE SOCIAL GROUP ACCORDING TO SELF IDENTIFICATION SOCIAL COMPARISON THEORY The social comparison theory tells us that humans have an innate drive to produce accurate evaluations of oneself. SOCIAL GROUP ACCORDING TO SELF IDENTIFICATION REFERENCE GROUP Component that individuals use as a standard towards the achievement of a desired behavior in making judgement about the quality of life or things. any group to which an individual compares himself. Types of Reference Group Positive Reference Group are those groups of which one aspires to be part. The norms of these groups are followed by people in the hopes of being accepted in the group itself. Types of Reference Group Negative Reference Group are groups which people do not want to identify with. As a result, norms of the negative reference groups are usually avoided. NETWORK A group that includes individuals who come into casual connection but who do not have enough sense of belongingness.. Note: Network cannot be considered as group since the social ties connecting its members are too weak to establish a sense of belonging and boundary (Herbert Hyman) WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF SOCIAL GROUP? COLLECTIVE BEHAVIO R  COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR 1. 2. 3. Involves limited Has no clear Generates weak and short-lived social and social boundaries; unconventional interactions, anyone can be a norms, while while groups tend member of the groups tend to to remain collective, while have stronger together longer. membership is and more usually more conventional discriminating. norms. FORMS OF COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR CROWD An unorganized temporary group of people confronted by a novel or problematic-situation gathered at a particular time and place. TYPES OF CROWD CASUAL CROWD Participants are gathered because of an event or happening. TYPES OF CROWD CONVENTIONAL CROWD Characterized by established, regular ways of behavior like those of the time and place of performance, order of activities, and certain ways of behaving. TYPES OF CROWD ACTING CROWD Members are actually involved in the event in pursuit to a goal. * Riot * Mob TYPES OF CROWD Expressive Crowd are people who join together to express emotion, often at funerals, weddings, or the like FORMS OF COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR MASS BEHAVIOR/INTERACTION forms of moral behavior that are longer in duration that the crowd and considered to be more of responses to opportunities rather than threats a collective behavior that takes place when people respond to the same event in the same way (efioque.com)  TYPES OF MASS INTERACTION FASHION Refers to the changes in the lifestyle of clothing, hair style, houses or cars; the changes are cyclical in the sense that it has the tendency to reappear.  TYPES OF MASS INTERACTION TREND is a behavior or new way of doing things and it has a big impact on our society. It is sequential pattern of change in a condition, output, or process, or an average or general tendency of a series of data points to move in a certain direction overtime, represented by a line or a curve on a graph  TYPES OF MASS INTERACTION FAD is a short-term event, that some may called as a “flash in the pan” in economics, a product that has little, if any, utility but is characterized by a quick rise in sales and popularity followed by a quick decline in sales and popularity.  TYPES OF MASS INTERACTION CRAZE Develops when a particular object is given an unusually high value, and as a result serves as one of those obsessions of an individual. FORMS OF COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR PROPAGANDA A deliberate attempt to lead people to accept a certain idea or belief and so influence their opinions and behavior. MODERN DEVICES FOR PROPAGANDA NAME CALLING trying to give a shorthand of stimulus by summarizing an idea in one word which has a special meaning. way of smearing an opponent Giving a person or an idea a bad label by using an easy to remember pejorative name. MODERN DEVICES FOR PROPAGANDA TESTIMONIAL marketing strategy that utilises customer testimonials to promote products or services. this technique consists of having respected people or endorser. MODERN DEVICES FOR PROPAGANDA CARD STACKING designates the use of carefully selected bits of information which present only one side of the topic. MODERN DEVICES FOR PROPAGANDA BANDWAGON This common propaganda method is when the speaker tries to convince us to accept their point of view or else we will miss out on something really good. The Band-Wagon technique is often used in advertising. it is linked to the popular notion that majority is always right, so why not follow. MODERN DEVICES FOR PROPAGANDA STALLING This technique is used to play for more time or to avoid answering a pointed question Example: " When asked about a tax increase possibility a senator replies: "I have always met the obligations I have to those I represent." MODERN DEVICES FOR PROPAGANDA BUCK PASSING it is the technique of springing the fault to somebody else REFERENCE: San juan, W and Centeno, M.(2010), Sociology, culture & Family Planning Ramos, A. and Fernandez, A. (2010), fundamentals of sociology and anthropology Riodique, F. (2016), Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics Arcilla-Serapio, M.P. (2016), Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics Atienza, M. et al. (2016), Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics