20 Class 10th Shemushi Sanskrit PDF

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fofo/lkèkukuka Ïksrlka p vuknjL; dkj.ks"kq eq[;ree~A f'k'kq"kq ltZu'kDrs% dk;kZjEHkizo`Ùks'p vkèkkua rnSo lEHkosr~ ;nk o;a rku~ f'k'kwu~ f'k{k.kizfØ;k;k% izfrHkkfxRosu LohoqQ;kZe] u rq fuèkkZfjrKkuL; xzkgdRosu ,oA bekfu mís';kfu fo|ky;L; nSfuddk;ZØes dk;Zi¼rkS p ifjorZueis{kUrsA ;Fkk nSfud& le;&lkj.;ka ifjorZu'khyRoe~ visf{kra rFkSo okf"kZddk;ZØek.kka fuoZg.ks rRijrk vko';dh ;su f'k{k.kkFk± fu;rs"kq dkys"kq oLrqr% f'k{k.ka Hkosr~A f'k{k.kL; ewY;kÄïuL; p foèk;% Kkif;";fUr ;r~ ikBÔiqLrdfena Nk=kk.kka fo|ky;h;&thous vkuUnkuqHkwR;Fk± fd;r~ izHkkfo orZrs] u rq uhjlrk;k% lk/ue~A ikBÔp;kZHkkjL; funkuk; ikBÔØefuekZr`fHk% ckyeuksfoKkun`"VÔk vè;kiuk; miyC/&dkyn`"VÔk p fofHkUus"kq Lrjs"kq fo"k;KkuL; iqufuZ/kZj.ksu iz;Ruks fofgr%A 2017 res o"ksZ iqujhf{krfena iqLroaQ Nk=kk.kka Ñrs fpUruL;] foLe;L;] y?kqlewgs"kq okrkZ;k%] dk;kZuqHkokfn& xfrfoèkhuka p Ñrs izkpq;sZ.k volja nnkfrA ikBÔiqLrdL;kL; fodklk; fof'k"V;ksxnkuk; jkf"Vª;'kSf{kdkuqlUèkkuizf'k{k.kifj"kn~ Hkk"kkijke'kZnkr`lfers% vè;{kk.kka izks- ukeojflagegksn;kuka] laLÑrikBÔiqLrdkuka   iv eq[;ijke'kZdkuka izks- jkèkkoYyHk&f=kikfBegkHkkxkuka] ikBÔiqLrdfuekZ.klfers% lnL;kuk×p Ñrs gkfnZoQha ÑrKrka Kki;frA iqLrdL;kL; fodkls uSosQ fo'ks"kKk% vuqHkfou% f'k{kdk'p ;ksxnkua ÑroUr%] rs"kka laLFkkizeq[kku~ laLFkk'p izfr èkU;oknks O;kfß;rsA ekuolalk/ ufodkleU=kky;L; ekè;fedksPpf'k{kkfoHkkxsu izk-s e`.kkyfejh izk-s th-ih- ns'kik.Msegksn;kuke~ vkè;{ks la?kfVrk;k% jkf"Vª;&i;Zos{k.klfers% lnL;ku~ izfr rs"kka cgqewY;;ksxnkuk; o;a fo'ks"ks.k ÑrKk%A ikBÔiqLrdfodklØes mUurLrjk; fujUrja iz;Ru'khyk ifj"kfn;a Nk=kk.kka Ñrs iqLrdfena mi;qDrrja drq± fo'ks"kKS% vuqHkfofHk% vè;kidS'p izsf"krkuka lRijke'kkZuka lnSo Lokxra fo/kL;frA uo nsgyh funs'kd% 20 uoEcj 2017 jkf"Vª;'kSf{kdkuqla/kuizf'k{k.kifj"kn~   v Hkwfedk laLÑr dh x.kuk fo'o dh izkphure Hkk"kkvksa esa dh tkrh gSA bldk lkfgfR;d foLrkj oSfnd ;qx ls ysdj vkt rd vck/ :i ls py jgk gSA ekuoh; fparu osQ lHkh {ks=kksa eas bldh vfHkO;fDr gqbZ gSA ;qx&ifjorZu osQ lkFk&lkFk blosQ vk;ke Hkh cnyrs jgs gSaA Hkk"kk vkSj lkfgR; dh O;kidrk dks ns[kdj bls nsook.kh Hkh dgk tkrk Fkk tks blosQ izfr Hkkjrh;ksa dh J¼k dk ifjpk;d gSA laLÑr dk izkphu lkfgR; thou&ewY;ksa osQ izfr (tSls ijksidkj] nku] lR;] vfgalk] jk"Vª&HkfÙkQ] i`Foh&izes ] lRdeZ bR;kfn) vkn'kZ dh fLFkfr dk vkdyu djrk gSA bldk vkèkqfud lkfgR; izkphu ewY;ksa osQ vfrfjDr ekuo dh ledkyhu leL;kvksa vkSj thou&la?k"kks± dks Hkh fu:fir djrk gSA vr% fo'o osQ vU; lkfgR; dh rqyuk esa laLÑr dh laons u'khyrk dks U;wurj vk¡duk Bhd ugha dgk tk ldrk gSA ;g xkSjo dk fo"k; gS fd pkj gtkj o"kks± ls Hkh vfèkd laLÑr lkfgR;&/kjk esa Hkkjrh; lekt dk izR;adu izk;% izkekf.kd :i ls gksrk jgk gSA laLÑr dk egÙo osQoy izkphurk vFkok fo"k;&O;kidrk dh n`f"V ls gh ugha] vfirq ns'k osQ cgqHkkf"kd ifjn`'; esa jk"Vª dh ,drk osQ fy, Hkh loksZifj gSA Hkkjr dh vU; Hkk"kkvksa ij laLÑr osQ O;kdj.k 'kCn&laifÙk rFkk okD;&jpuk dk O;kid izHkko izR;{k ;k ijks{k :i ls iM+k gSA vk/qfud laLÑr vU; Hkk"kkvksa osQ leku Hkkjrh; cgqHkkf"kdrk dk ,d vfHkUu vax gSA cgqHkk"kh d{kk esa vU; Hkk"kkvksa dks lh[kus esa ftl izdkj laLÑr lgk;d gS] mlh izdkj d{kk esa miyC/ cgqHkkf"kdrk (Multilingualism) dk laLÑr lh[kus esa Hkh mi;ksx gks ldrk gSA izkphu laLÑr lkfgR; nks :iksa esa (oSfnd rFkk ykSfdd) miyCèk gSA oSfnd lkfgR; lafgrk] czkã.k] vkj.;d rFkk mifu"kn~ osQ :i esa gSA ÍXosn] ;tqosZn] lkeosn rFkk vFkoZosn bu pkjksa dks lafgrk dgrs gSa ftuesa ;K rFkk vU; fo"k;ksa osQ eU=kksa dk ladyu gSA bu eU=kksa dk mi;ksx crkus osQ fy, dbZ czkã.k xzUFk fy[ks x;s gaSA oSfnd deZdk.M dh izrhdkRed O;k[;k vkj.;d esa gS] mifu"kn~ oSfnd n'kZu dk izkSus osQ fy, osnkÄõ cus ftudh   vi la[;k Ng gSμ f'k{kk (mPpkj.k&foKku)] O;kdj.k (in&foKku)] NUn (i|kRed eU=kksa esa NUn O;oLFkk)] fu#Dr (vFkZ&foKku)] T;ksfr"k (dky rFkk [kxksy dk foKku) rFkk dYi (deZdk.M rFkk vkpkj dk 'kkL=k)A ykSfdd laLÑr dk vkjaHk vkfndfo okYehfd }kjk jfpr jkek;.k ls gqvk ftlesa vkn'kZ egkiq#"k jke dk thou&pfjr of.kZr gSA blesa oSfnd Hkk"kk ls ifj"Ñr ykSfdd dkO;&Hkk"kk dk iz;ksx gSA ;g lkr dk.Mksa esa foHkDr gS ftUgsa lxks± esa foHkDr fd;k x;k gSA blesa 24000 'yksd gaSA ,d vU; izkjfEHkd fo'kky xzUFk osnO;kl&jfpr egkHkkjr gS ftlesa ,d yk[k 'yksd gSaA ;g xzUFk vêòkjg ioks± eas foHkDr gSA dkSjoksa vkSj ik.Moksa osQ chp gqvk egk;q¼ bldk eq[; dFkkud gS ftlesa vU;k; ij U;k; dh fot; gqbZ Fkh (;rks /eZLrrks t;%)A egkHkkjr esa Hkkjrh; thou&i¼fr osQ O;kid i{kksa ij izdk'k Mkyk x;k gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd bls lok±xiw.kZ vkpkj&xzUFk osQ :i esa ekuk x;k gSA yksdksfDr gS μ ;Uu Hkkjrs rUu Hkkjrs (tks egkHkkjr esa ugha og Hkkjr esa ugha)A egkHkkjr osQ Hkh"e ioZ esa mfYyf[kr Hkxon~xhrk vc ,d izfl¼ rFkk Lora=k xzUFk osQ :i esa izfl¼ gS ftlesa ;q¼ osQ vkjEHk esa Ñ".k }kjk vtqZu dks deZ;ksx dk mins'k fn;k x;k gSA ijorhZ laLÑr dfo;ksa us jkek;.k rFkk egkHkkjr ls dFkkud ysdj vusd xzUFkksa dk iz.k;u fd;k gSA izkphu Hkkjr osQ /kfeZd rFkk ykSfdd fo"k;ksa dk o.kZu iqjk.k lkfgR; esa feyrk gSA eq[; iqjk.k vêòkjg gSaA iqjk.kksa esa jk"Vªh; ,drk dk iz;kl feyrk gSA rhFkZ;k=kk] ouksa] ioZrksa] vkSj ufn;ksa dks J¼s; fn[kkdj iqjk.kksa us i;kZoj.k ,oa lkaLÑfrd ,drk osQ egÙo dk ekxZ iz'kLr fd;kA Hkkjrh; lekt dks vkn'kksZUeq[k djus esa iqjk.kksa dk cgqr ;ksxnku gSA rnuUrj laLÑr lkfgR; osQ fofo/ :iksa dk izLiqQVu ,oa fodkl gksrk gSA ,d vksj laLÑr ukVdksa dh fujUrj /kjk pyh rks nwljh vksj x|&i| esa jps x, NksVs&cM+s dkO;ksa dk izokg feyrk gSA ;gh ijEijk vkt rd py jgh gSA oqQN dfo;ksa us vusd fo/kvksa esa jpuk,¡ dha] tSlsμ laLÑr osQ lcls izfl¼ dfo dkfynkl us nks egkdkO; (j?kqoa'k] oqQekjlaHko)] nks xhfrdkO; (Írqlagkj] es?knwr) vkSj rhu ukVd (vfHkKku'kkoqQUry] foØeksoZ'kh;] ekyfodkfXufe=k) fy[ksA izkphu ukVddkjksa esa Hkkl (13 ukVdksa osQ jpf;rk)] 'kwndz ] fo'kk[knÙk (eqnkz jk{kl)] g"kZ] Hkêðukjk;.k] HkoHkwfr vkfn gSaA oqQN ukVddkjksa us izglu] Hkk.k vkfn fy[kdj   vii vius dky osQ tu&thou osQ foÑr i{k dk O;aX;iw.kZ fp=k.k fd;k gSA izkphu egkdfo;ksa esa v'o?kks"k] Hkkjfo] Hkfêð] ek?k] {ksesUnz] Jhg"kZ vkfn gaSA fcYg.k (foØekadnsopfjr)] dYg.k (jktrjafx.kh) vkfn us ,sfrgkfld egkdkO; fy[ksA xhfrdkO; ;k y?kqdkO; osQ ys[kdksa esa HkrZ̀gfj (uhfr] Ükàxkj vkSj oSjkX; 'krd)] ve#d (ve#'krd)] t;nso (xhrxksfoan)] txUukFk (Hkkfeuhfoykl) izfl¼ gSaA x|dkO; osQ ys[kdksa esa lqcU/q] ck.kHk^ (g"kZpfjr vkSj dknEcjh)] n.Mh (n'koqQekjpfjr)] vfEcdknÙk O;kl (f'kojkt fot;) vkfn gSaA laLÑr okÄ~e; dkO;'kkL=k] O;kdj.k'kkL=k] n'kZu'kkL=k] /eZ'kkL=k] jkt'kkL=k] vk;qonZs ] T;ksfr"k rFkk dks'k vkfn osQ gtkjksa xzUFkksa dh yEch ijEijk ls Hkh lefUor gSA ;s xzUFk Hkkjrh; fo}kuksa dh miyfC/ vfHkO;Dr djrs gSaA izLrqr ladyu % jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~ }kjk fu/kZfjr fo|ky;h f'k{kk osQ fy, jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ dh :ijs[kk] 2005 osQ vkyksd esa ekè;fed Lrj (d{kk 9 rFkk 10) osQ fy, oSdfYid fo"k; osQ :i esa laLÑr ikB~;Øe fodflr fd;k x;k gSA ikB~;p;kZ esa fuEukafdr y{; j[ks x, gSaμ z HkkjeqDr f'k{kk dk dk;ZØeA z vkuUnizn vuqHkwfr osQ :i esa f'k{kk dh izLrqfrA z f'k{kk dks thou osQ ifjos'k ls tksM+ukA z f'k{kk dh xq.koÙkk esa lq/kjA z d.Bkxz djus dh ijEijkxr fof/ ls gVdj Nk=kksa dks fparu osQ fy, izfs jr djukA z Nk=kksa dh dYiuk'khyrk rFkk jpukRedrk dk fodklA laLÑr ds uohu ikB~;Øe esa fu/kZfjr y{;ksa osQ vuq:i uoe d{kk osQ fy, 'kseq"kh izFke Hkkx uked ikB~;iqLrd osQ vuarj n'ke d{kk osQ fy, ;g 'kseq"kh f}rh; Hkkx iqujhf{kr laLdj.k (2017) izLrqr fd;k tk jgk gSA bl ladyu esa laLÑr dks thoUr Hkk"kk osQ :i esa ns[kk x;k gS ftldh /kjk fujUrj izokfgr gksrh jgh gSA blhfy, blesa vk/qfud laLÑr jpukvksa osQ lekos'k osQ lkFk vU; Hkk"kkvksa osQ lkfgR; ls vuwfnr ikBksa dks Hkh xzg.k fd;k x;k gSA ikBksa osQ vkjEHk esa ikB&lUnHkZ fn, x, gSa ftuls ikB&izlaxksa dks le>k tk losQA Nk=kksa dks lh[kus dk vf/dkfèkd volj fey losQ blfy, ikBksa osQ vUr esa fofo/ vH;klksa okyh iz'ukoyh nh x;h gSA   viii Nk=k ikBksa dks Lo;eso le> losQa blosQ fy, ^'kCnkFkkZ%* 'kh"kZd osQ vUrxZr ikB esa vk, uohu rFkk dfBu 'kCnksa osQ laLÑr rFkk fganh esa vFkZ fn, x, gSAa ^;ksX;rk&foLrkj* osQ vUrxZr ,slh lkexzh nh xbZ gS ftlls Nk=k Kku osQ vfxze pj.k dh vksj lgt mUeq[k gks losQa A vè;kidksa osQ fy, i;kZIr f'k{k.k&laoQs r fn, x, gSa rkfd fu/kZfjr ikB~; fcanv q ksa dks è;ku esa j[kdj vè;kiu dj loaQs A ikBksa dks n`'; fof/ ls Li"V djus osQ fy, fo"k;kuqoQw y fp=k Hkh fn, x, gSAa bl iqLrd eas oqQy 12 ikB j[ks x, gaSA buesa lkr ikB izkphu xzUFkksa ls rFkk ik¡p ikB vk/qfud ekSfyd vFkok vuwfnr laLÑr jpukvksa ls fy, x, gSaA bl izdkj bl iqLrd esa ik¡p izdkj osQ ikB gSaμ (d) laLÑr dh izkphu iqLrdksa lsμ f'k'kqykyue~] O;k;ke% loZnk iF;%] cqf¼cZyorh lnk] lqHkkf"krkfu] izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~] vU;ksDr;%] tuuh rqY;oRlykA ([k) laLÑr dh vk/qfud ekSfyd jpukvksa ls μ 'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~ rFkk lkSgknZa izÑrs% 'kksHkk] fofp=k% lk{khA (x) vU; Hkk"kkvksa ls laLÑr esa vuwfnrμlwDr;%A (?k) yfyr fuca/ μHkwoQEifoHkhf"kdkA (Ä) laoknkRed ikB μlkSgknZa izÑrs% 'kksHkkA vk/qfud laLÑr ys[kdksa esa ^'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~* osQ dfo izks- gfjnÙk 'kekZ bykgkckn osQUnzh; fo'ofo|ky; esa laLÑr osQ ofj"B vkpk;Z gSaA mudh vusd dkO;&Ñfr;k¡ izdkf'kr gaSA ^fofp=k% lk{kh* osQ ys[kd Jh vkseizdk'k BkoqQj gaS ftUgksaus vk/qfud ifjos'k dh vusd laLÑr dFkk,¡ fy[kh gSaA ^HkwdEi foHkhf"kdk* vk/qfud ;qx dk ladfyr fucU/ gS ftlesa ,d uSlfxZd mRikr dk o.kZu gSA blosQ vfrfjDr ^lkSgknZa izÑrs 'kksHkk* ,d laoknkRed ikB gS ftlesa bl izÑfr esa fo|eku lHkh thoksa osQ egÙo dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gS vkSj lejlrk dk lans'k fn;k x;k gSA vè;kidksa ls fuosnu laLÑr osQ izfr Nk=kksa eas vfHk#fp mRiUu djus osQ fy, d{kk esa fo|eku cgqHkkf"kdrk dks vk/kj osQ :i esa mi;ksx djsaA fgUnh] vaxth sz - rFkk vU; {ks=kh; Hkk"kkvksa dks ekè;e cukrs gq, laLÑr Hkk"kk esa n{k gksus osQ fy, Nk=kkas dks mUeq[k djus dk iz;kl djsaA   ix laLÑr O;kdj.k dk vè;kiu ikB~;iqLrd esa vk, gq, iz;ksxksa dks vk/kj cukdj djuk lehphu gksxkA blls Nk=kksa esa d.BLFkhdj.k dh izo`fÙk dh vis{kk ltZukRed {kerk dk vfèkdkf/d fodkl gks losQxkA è;krO; fcUno% 1- 'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~ μ f'k{kd Nk=kksa ds mPpkj.k rFkk lLoj okpu@xk;u ij tks- j nsAa 2- cqf¼cZyorh lnkμ cqf¼ vkSj 'kkjhfjd 'kfDr dk rkjrE; le>k,¡A dFkk ls feyrh&tqyrh nwljh ?kVukvksa dk Hkh mYys[k djsaA bl dFkk esa jkspdrk rFkk mins'k osQ fcUnqvksa dks Li"V djsaA 3- O;k;ke% loZnk iF;%μ O;k;ke osQ ykHk dks Nk=kksa dks le>k,¡ rFkk blosQ LFkk;h iz;ksx ij cy nsrs gq, 'yksdkas dk lLoj ikB fl[kk,¡A 4- f'k'kqykyue~ μ jke vkSj oqQ'k&yo osQ feyu dks ikfjokfjd lUnHkZ esa izLrqr dj ikB dks ikrs gq, dFkk dks jkspd k] Vh-th-Vh-] loksZn; fo|ky;] vk;kuxj] u;h fnYyh mek'kadj 'kekZ ^½f"k* (lsokfuo`Ùk izksi- sQlj)] foHkkxkè;{k] iVuk fo'ofo|ky;] iVuk deykdkUr feJ] izks-isQlj laLÑr] Hkk"kk f'k{kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyh osQ'kjhuUnu f}osnh] Vh-th-Vh-] osQUnzh; fo|ky; ua- 2] ok;qlus k LFky] rstiqj] vle fueZy feJ] Vh-th-Vh-] osQUnzh; fo|ky;] ts-,u-;w- oSaQil] u;h fnYyh ;nqukFk izlkn nqcs] izks-isQlj] lEiw.kkZuUn laLÑr fo'ofo|ky;] okjk.klh j.kftr csgsjk] izoDrk laLÑr] Hkk"kk f'k{kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyh jes'k oqQekj ik.Ms;] vè;{k] 'kks/ ,oa izdk'ku foHkkx] Jh ykycgknqj 'kkL=kh jkf"Vª; laLÑr fo|kihB] u;h fnYyh lnL;&leUo;d Ñ".kpUnz f=kikBh] izks-IksQlj] Hkk"kk f'k{kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- u;h fnYyh   xii vkHkkj jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~ mu lHkh fo"k;&fo'ks"kKksa ,oa f'k{kdksa osQ izfr ÑrKrk Kkfir djrh gS ftUgksaus bl iqLrd osQ fuekZ.k esa viuk lfØ; ;ksxnku fn;k gSA ifj"kn~ izks-isQlj gfjnÙk 'kekZ] Jh vkseizdk'k BkoqQj izHk`fr vk/qfud lkfgR;dkjksa dh Hkh vkHkkjh gS ftudh Ñfr;ksa ls izLrqr iqLrd esa ikB~;lkexzh lÄfï yr dh xbZ gSA izks- jes'k oqQekj ik.Ms;] oqQyifr] Jh yky cgknqj 'kkL=kh jk"Vªh; laLÑr fo|kihB] fnYyh_ izks- jes'k Hkkj}kt] laLÑr foHkkx] fnYyh fo'ofo|ky;] fnYyh_ izks- jatuk vjksM+k] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyh_ izks- trhUnz eksgu feJ] Hkk"kk f'k{kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyh_ MkW- vkHkk >k] ih-th-Vh-] (laLÑr)] xkxhZ loksZn; dU;k fo|ky;] xzhuikoZQ] u;h fnYyh_ MkW- ohjsUnz oqQekj] Vh-th-Vh-] (laLÑr)] osQUnzh; fo|ky;] iQjhnkckn u- 1] u;h fnYyh_ ljkst iqjh] (lsokfuo`Ùk)] Vh-th-Vh] (laLÑr)] Mh-,-oh- fo|ky;] ihreiqjk] u;h fnYyh rFkk Jherh yrk vjksMk+ ] lsokfuo`Ùk] Vh-th-Vh-] (laLÑr)] osaQnzh; fo|ky; laxBu] u;h fnYyh us iqLrd iqujh{k.k esa vusdfo/ lg;ksx ,oa ekxZn'kZu fd;k gSA ifj"kn~ lHkh osQ izfr gkfnZd ÑrKrk O;Dr djrh gSA ifj"kn~ fuxjkuh lfefr osQ lEekU; lnL;ksa fo'ks"kr% izks- f'koth mikè;k; osQ izfr gkfnZd vkHkkj O;Dr djrh gSA izdk'ku dk;Z esa lfØ; lg;ksx osQ fy, Hkk"kk foHkkx osQ ,oa LVs'ku bapktZ] ij'kjke dkSf'kd_ losUZ nz oqQekj ,oa lrh'k >k] dkWih ,MhVj_ jkteÄy õ ;kno] iziw Q jhMj] ;klehu v'kjiQ] ts-ih-,iQ- laLÑr] deys'k vk;kZ rFkk oqQ- vuhrk Mh-Vh-Ikh- vkWijsVj èkU;okn osQ ik=k gSaA   xiii fo"k;kuqØef.kdk iqjksoko~Q iii Hkwfedk v eÄõye~ 1 izFke% ikB% 'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~ 3 f}rh;% ikB% cqf¼cZyorh lnk 13 r`rh;% ikB% O;k;ke% loZnk iF;% 22 prqFkZ% ikB% f'k'kqykyue~ 30 i×pe% ikB% tuuh rqY;oRlyk 40 "k"B% ikB% lqHkkf"krkfu 48 lIre% ikB% lkSgknZa izÑrs% 'kksHkk 56 v"Ve% ikB% fofp=k% lk{kh 66 uoe% ikB% lwDr;% 75 n'ke% ikB% HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk 82 ,dkn'k% ikB% izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~ 90 }kn'k% ikB% vU;ksDr;% 99   xiv   'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~ 1 eÄõye~ ¬ rPp{kq n s Z o fgra iq j LrkPNq Ø eq P pjr~ A i';s e 'kjn% 'kra thos e 'kjn% 'kre~ A Ük`.kq;ke 'kjn% 'kra izczoke 'kjn% 'kre~ A vnhuk% L;ke 'kjn% 'kre~A Hkw;'p 'kjn% 'krkr~ AA1AA (;tqosZn 36-24) vk uks Hknzk% Øroks ;Urq fo'orks& ¿nC/klks vijhrkl mn~fHkn% A nsok uks ;Fkk lnfen~ o`/s vl& Uuizk;qoks jf{krkjks fnosfnos AA2AA (ÍXosn 1-89-1) HkkokFkZ% nsoksa }kjk fu:fir ;g 'kqDy o.kZ dk us=k :i (lw;Z) iwoZ fn'kk esa mQij mB pqdk gSA ge lc lkS o"kksZa rd ns[krs jgsa] lkS o"kks± rd thrs jgsa] lkS o"kksZa rd lqurs jgsa] lkS o"kksZa rd 'kq¼ :i ls cksyrs jgsa] lkS o"kks± rd LokoyEch (vnhu) cus jgsa vkSj ;g lc lkS o"kksZa ls Hkh vf/d pyrk jgs AA1AA gekjs ikl pkjksa vksj ls ,sls dY;k.kdkjh fopkj vkrs jgsa tks fdlh ls u ncsa] mUgsa dgha ls ckf/r u fd;k tk losQ (vijhrkl%) ,oe~ vKkr fo"k;ksa dks izdV djus okys (mn~fHkn%) gksa] izxfr dks u jksdus okys (vizk;qo%) rFkk lnSo j{kk esa rRij nsox.k izfrfnu gekjh o`f¼ osQ fy, rRij jgsa AA2AA    izFke ikB% 'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~ v;a ikB% vk/qfudlaLÑrdos% gfjnÙk'keZ.k% ¶ylYyfrdk¸ bfr jpuklÄ~xzgkr~ lÄ~dfyrks¿fLrA v=k dfo% egkuxjk.kka ;U=kkf/D;su izof/Zrizn"w k.kksifj fpfUrreuk% n`';rsA l% dFk;fr ;n~ bna ykSgpoaQz 'kjhjL; eul'p 'kks"kde~ vfLrA vLeknso ok;qe.Mya efyua HkofrA dfo% egkuxjh;thoukr~ lqnwja unh&fu>Zja o`{klewga yrkoqQ×ta if{koqQydyjoowQftra ouçns'ka çfr xeuk; vfHky"kfrA nqoZge=k thfora tkra izÑfrjso 'kj.ke~A 'kqfp&i;kZoj.ke~AA egkuxjeè;s pynfu'ka dkyk;lpØe~A eu% 'kks"k;r~ ruq% is"k;n~ Hkzefr lnk oØe~AA nqnkZUrSnZ'kuSjequk L;kUuSo tuxzlue~A 'kqfp---AA1AA dTtyefyua /wea eq×pfr 'kr'kdVh;kue~A ok"i;kuekyk la/kofr forjUrh èokue~AA ;kukuka iÄ~Dr;ks áuUrk% dfBua lalj.ke~A 'kqfp---AA2AA  4 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx% ok;qe.Mya Hk`'ka nwf"kra u fg fueZya tye~A oqQfRlroLrqfefJra Hk{;a leya /jkrye~AA dj.kh;a cfgjUrtZxfr rq cgq 'kq¼hdj.ke~A 'kqfp---AA3AA df×pr~ dkya u; ekeLekUuxjkn~ cgqnjw e~A izi';kfe xzkekUrs fu>Zj&unh&i;%iwje~AA ,dkUrs dkUrkjs {k.kefi es L;kr~ l×pj.ke~A 'kqfp---AA4AA gfjrr:.kka yfyryrkuka ekyk je.kh;kA oqQlqekofy% lehjpkfyrk L;kUes oj.kh;kAA uoekfydk jlkya fefyrk #fpja laxeue~A 'kqfp---AA5AA vf; py cU/ks! [kxoqQydyjo xqf×trouns'ke~A iqj&dyjo lEHkzfertusH;ks /`rlq[klUns'ke~AA pkdfpD;tkya uks oqQ;kZTthforjlgj.ke~A 'kqfp---AA6AA izLrjrys yrkr#xqYek uks HkoUrq fi"Vk%A ik"kk.kh lH;rk fulxsZ L;kUu lekfo"VkAA ekuok; thoua dke;s uks thoUej.ke~A 'kqfp---AA7AA   'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~ 5 'kCnkFkkZ% nqoZge~ & nq"dje~ & dfBu] nwHkj & Difficult thfore~ & thoue~ & thou & Life vfu'ke~ & vgfuZ'ke~ & fnu&jkr & Day and Night dkyk;lpØe~ & ykSgpØe~ & yksgs dk pØ & Iron wheel 'kks"k;r~ & 'kq"dhoqQoZr~ & lq[kkrs gq, & Drying ruq% & 'kjhje~ & 'kjhj & Body is"k;n~ & fi"VhoqQoZr~ & ihlrs gq, & Grinding oØe~ & oqQfVye~ & VsxM+k djrs & Both of them gq, (nks) dks quarreling izgjUrh & izgkja oqQokZ.kk & ekjrh gqbZ & Attacking bZZ{krsrs & i';fr & ns[krh gS & Sees osyk & le;% & 'krZ & Condition vkf{kiUrh & vk{ksia oqQokZ.kk & vk{ksi djrh gqbZ] & Scolding HkRlZuk djrh gqbZ f>M+drh gqbZ] rtZ;Urh & rtZua oqQokZ.kk & /edkrh gqbZ] Mk¡Vrh gqbZ& Threatening fo'okL; & lek'oL; & fo'okl fnykdj & Assuring rw.kZe~ & 'kh?kze~ & tYnh] 'kh?kz & Quickly Hk;Äïjk & Hk;a djksfr bfr & Hk;ksRikfndk & Horrible lady xyc¼& & xys c¼% Ük`xky% & xys esa ca/s gq, & Jackals Ük`xkyd% Ük`xky okyk tied to his neck vfUreLs; 'yksdL; vUo;%μ js js /wrZ! Ro;k eáa iqjk O;k?kz=k;a nÙke~A fo'okL; (vfi) v| ,oQe~ vkuh; dFka ;kfl bfr v/quk onA bfr mDRok Hk;Vjk O;k?kzekjh rw.k± /kforkA xyc¼ Ük`xkyd% O;k?kz% vfi lglk u"V%A gs rfUo! loZnk loZdk;sZ"kq cqf¼cZyorhA   cqf¼cZyorh lnk 17 vH;kl% 1- ,dinsu mÙkja fy[krμ (d) cqf¼erh oqQ=k O;k?kza nn'kZ\ ([k) Hkkfeuh d;k foeqDrk\ (x) loZnk loZdk;sZ"kq dk cyorh\ (?k) O;k?kz% dLekr~ fcHksfr\ (Ä) izR;qRiUuefr% cqf¼erh fde~ vkf{kiUrh mokp\ 2- vèkksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[krμ (d) cqf¼erh osQu misrk firqxZ̀ga izfr pfyrk\ ([k) O;k?kz% ¯d fopk;Z iykf;r%\ (x) yksosQ egrks Hk;kr~ d% eqP;rs\ (?k) tEcqd% ¯d onu~ O;k?kzL; migkla djksfr\ (Ä) cqf¼erh Ük`xkya fde~ mDrorh\ 3- LFkwyinekèk`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#rμ (d) r=k jkt¯lgks uke jktiq=k% olfr LeA ([k) cqf¼erh pisV;k iq=kkS izârorhA (x) O;k?kza n`"V~ok /wrZ% Ük`xky% vonr~A (?k) Roa ekuq"kkr~ fcHksf"kA (Ä) iqjk Ro;k eáa O;k?kz=k;a nÙke~A 4- v/ksfyf[krkfu okD;kfu ?kVukØekuqlkjs.k ;kst;rμ (d) O;k?kz% O;k?kzekjh b;fefr eRok iykf;r%A ([k) izR;qRiÂefr% lk Ük`xkya vkf{kiUrh mokpA (x) tEcqdÑrksRlkg% O;k?kz% iqu% dkuue~ vkxPNr~A (?k) ekxsZ lk ,oaQ O;k?kze~ vi';r~A (Ä) O;k?kza n`"V~ok lk iq=kkS rkM;Urh mokp&v/quk ,deso O;k?kza foHkT; HkqT;rke~A   18 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx% (p) cqf¼erh iq=k};su misrk firqxZ̀ga izfr pfyrkA (N) ^Roa O;k?kz=k;e~ vkusrqa* izfrKk; ,deso vkuhroku~A (t) xyc¼ Ük`xkyd% O;k?kz% iqu% iykf;r%A 5- l¯U/@lfU/foPNsna ok oqQ#rμ (d) firqxgZ̀ e~ & ------------------ $ ------------------ ([k) ,oSQd% & ------------------ $ ------------------ (x) ------------------ & vU;% $ vfi (?k) ------------------ & bfr $ mDRok (Ä) ------------------ & ;=k $ vkLrs 6- vèkksfyf[krkuka inkuke~ vFkZ% dks"Bdkr~ fpRok fy[krμ (d) nn'kZ & (nf'kZroku~] n`"Voku~) ([k) txkn & (vdFk;r~] vxPNr~) (x) ;;kS & (;kfproku~] xroku~) (?k) vÙkqe~ & ([kkfnrqe~] vkfo"oQrqZe~) (Ä) eqP;rs & (eqDrks Hkofr] eXuks Hkofr) (p) bZ{krs & (i';fr] bPNfr) 7- (v) ikBkr~ fpRok i;kZ;ina fy[krμ (d) oue~ & ----------------- ([k) Ük`xky% & ----------------- (x) 'kh?kze~ & ----------------- (?k) iRuh & ----------------- (Ä) xPNfl & ----------------- (vk) ikBkr~ fpRok foijhrkFkZoaQ ina fy[krμ (d) izFke% & ----------------- ([k) mDRok & -----------------   cqf¼cZyorh lnk 19 (x) v/quk & ----------------- (?k) vosyk & ----------------- (Ä) cqf¼ghuk & ----------------- ifj;kstukdk;Ze~ cqf¼eR;k% LFkkus vkRekua ifjdYI; rn~Hkkouka LoHkk"k;k fy[krA ;ksX;rkfoLrkj% ;g ikB 'kqdlIrfr% uked izfl¼ dFkkxzUFk ls lEikfnr dj fy;k x;k gSA blesa vius nks NksVs&NksVs iq=kksa osQ lkFk taxy osQ jkLrs ls firk osQ ?kj tk jgh cqf¼erh uked ukjh osQ cqf¼dkS'ky dks fn[kk;k x;k gS] tks lkeus vk, gq, 'ksj dks Mjkdj Hkxk nsrh gSA bl dFkkxzUFk esa uhfrfuiq.k 'kqd vkSj lkfjdk dh dgkfu;ksa osQ }kjk vizR;{k :i ls ln~o`fÙk dk fodkl djk;k x;k gSA Hkkf"kdfoLrkj% nn'kZ&n`'k~ /krq] fyV~ ydkj] izFke iq#"k] ,dopu fcHksf"k ^Hkh* /krq] yV~ ydkj] eè;e iq#"k] ,dopuA izgjUrh & iz $ â /krq] 'kr` izR;;] L=khfyÄõ iz-fo-,dopuA xE;rke~ & xe~ /krq] deZokP;] yksV~ ydkj] izFkeiq#"k] ,dopuA ;;kS & ^;k* /krq] fyV~ ydkj] izFkeiq#"k] ,dopuA ;kfl & xPNfl ^;k* /krq] yV~ ydkj] eè;eiq#"k] ,dopuAA lekl xyc¼ Ük`xkyd% & xys c¼% Ük`xky% ;L; l%A izR;qRiÂefr% & izR;qRiUuk efr% ;L; l%A TkEcqdo`QrksRlkgkr~ & tEcqosQu Ñr% mRlkg% & tEcqdÑrksRlkg% rLekr~A iq=k};ksisrk & iq=k};su misrkA Hk;koqQyfpÙk% & Hk;su vkoqQy% fpÙke~ ;L; l%A O;k?kzekjh & O;k?kza ekj;fr bfrA x`ghrdjthfor% & x`ghra djs thfora ;su l%A   20 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx% Hk;îï-jk & Hk;a djksfr ;k bfrA xzUFk&ifjp; μ 'kqdlIrfr% osQ ys[kd vkSj dky osQ fo"k; esa ;|fi HkzkfUr cuh gqbZ gS] rFkkfi bldk dky 1000 bZ- ls 1400 bZ- osQ eè; ekuk tkrk gSA gsepUnz us (1088&1172) esa 'kqdlIrfr% dk mYys[k fd;k gSA pkSngoha 'krkCnh esa bldk IkQkjlh Hkk"kk esa ^rwfrukeg* uke ls vuqokn gqvk FkkA 'kqdlIrfr% dk