Maternal Health Nursing 1st Lecture Introduction PDF
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Maternity and Childhood Nursing Department
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Summary
This is an introductory lecture on maternal health nursing. It covers the concepts, principles and scope of the field, focusing on health outcomes for mothers and infants.
Full Transcript
ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ www.onlinedoctranslator.com - ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔﻋﻦ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ 1ﺷﺎﺭﻉﻣﺤﺎﺿﺮﺓ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻧﺘﺎﺉﺞﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ: .1ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ....
ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ www.onlinedoctranslator.com - ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔﻋﻦ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ 1ﺷﺎﺭﻉﻣﺤﺎﺿﺮﺓ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻧﺘﺎﺉﺞﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ: .1ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ. .2ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﻜﺰﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺻﺤﺔﺍﻷﻡ. .3ﻭﺻﻒ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﻭﻛﻔﺎءﺍﺕ ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺮﺿﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺻﺤﺔﺍﻷﻡ. .4ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺣﺼﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺉﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺑﻼﻍ ﻋﻦ ﺻﺤﺔﺍﻷﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ .5ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻨﺸﺄ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎءﻭﺃﺳﺮﻫﻦ. ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪﻗﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻴﺶ ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﻣﺮﺿﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻬﺎﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ.ﻭﻳﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺧﺎﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻡ ،ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻋﻦ ﺻﺤﺘﻬﺎﺑﻞ ﻭﻋﻦ ﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ :ﺃﻃﻔﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺳﺮﺗﻬﺎ. ﻛﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﻬﺘﻤﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻭﺃﺳﺮﺗﻬﺎ ﻭﻳﻌﺰﺯﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕﻧﻤﻂ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ. ﺗﺸﻤﻞﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻟﻸﻣﻬﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﻧﻄﺎﻗﺎً ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺎًﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺳﺔ ﺗﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺠﺎﺏ.ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ )ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ؛ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ( ،ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻭﺟﻨﻴﻨﻬﺎﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ )ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ؛ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ( ,ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ )ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ؛ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻧﻘﻄﺎﻉﺍﻟﻄﻤﺚ؛ ﺍﻧﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﻤﺚ( ،ﻭﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ،ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ًﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻷﺷﻬﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ. 6ﺃﺳﺎﺑﻴﻊ 3-ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ. ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒﻣﻤﺮﺿﺔ ﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻟﻴﺪ )(MNHN ﺩﻭﺭﻣﻤﺮﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﺷﻐﻞ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء ﻋﻠﻰﻋﻴﺶ ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺻﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ,ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻔﻲ ,ﺭﺍﺣﺔ, ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕﻭﺍﻟﺘﺜﻘﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻲ ,ﻧﺼﻴﺤﺔ ,ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺻﺮﺓ ,ﻳﺪﻋﻢ ،ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﺓ. ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﻫﺪﻑﻭﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ MNH ﺍﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻟﻸﻣﻬﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻬﺪﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞﻫﻮ ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻭﺃﺳﺮﺗﻬﺎ.ﺇﻥ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﻷﻥ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺳﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺟﺪﺍً. ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺮﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻫﻮ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺔ ﺁﻣﻨﺔ ﻭﻣﺮﺿﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺩﺓ ﺗﺮﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕﺍﻟﺠﺴﺪﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﺳﺮﺓ ﻭﺗﺘﻜﻴﻒ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ. ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺩﺉﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﻜﺰﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ﻫﻲ: ﻳﻨُﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻬﺎﺣﺪﺙ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓﺑﺪﻻ ًﻣﻦ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﻃﺒﻲ. ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺉﻼﺕ ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺸﺄﻥ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺘﻬﻢ)ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻋﻢﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﻲ( )ﺑﺮﺍﻳﺲ ،ﻭﻧﻮﺯﻭﺭﺛﻲ ،ﻭﺛﻮﺭﻧﺘﻮﻥ.(2007 ، ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻓﻲ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ] ([LDRPﺗﻬﺪﻑ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﺑﻘﺎء ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ﻣﻌﺎً ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ )ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻦ ﻓﻲ( ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﺟﻲﺇﻥ ﺳﻲ )(2019 ﺍﻷﻡﻭ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻲﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﺻﺤﺔ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﻳﻤﺎﺭﺱ؛ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ؛ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎءﺓ ﺱ' ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ-ﺃﻳﻦ ﻧﺤﻦ؟ ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﻝ ﺍﻷﻃﺒﺎء ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ )ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ(. ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻝ ﻟﻠﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ ) %99-97ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻭﻟﺪﻥ ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻴﺎﺕ( ﺣﻞ ﻣﻮﻇﻔﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ﻛﺪﺍﻋﻢ ﻟﻠﻮﻻﺩﺓ ،ﺛﻢ ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺎًﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ )ﻟﻢ ﻳﺤﻀﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺍﺕ( ﺗﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﻝ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺉﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻰ ،ﺛﻢ ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ. ﺣﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﻷﻡ ،ﺛﻢ ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻟﻠﻄﻔﻞ ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺤﻀﺎﻧﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ )ﺃﻭﻝ 20ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻻﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻔﻞ(. ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ❖ ﻣﻌﺪﻝﺍﻟﺨﺼﻮﺑﺔ:ﻋﺪﺩ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ 1000ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﺎﺏ ) 49-15ﺳﻨﺔ(FR : ﻓﻲﻋﺎﻡ 2.7=2021 ❖ ﻣﻌﺪﻝﺍﻟﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ:ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﻜﻞ 1000ﻭﻻﺩﺓ ﺣﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﺪﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﻝ 28ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ :ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ 2.8/1000 = 2021ﻭﻻﺩﺓ ﺣﻴﺔ ❖ ﻣﻌﺪﻝﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﻊ:ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﻜﻞ 100ﻭﻻﺩﺓ ﺣﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﺪﺙ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻷﺷﻬﺮ ﺍﻻﺛﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺣﺼﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ)ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ 17/1000 =2021ﻭﻻﺩﺓ ﺣﻴﺔ(. ❖ ﻣﻌﺪﻝﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ:ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ ﻟﻜﻞ 100000ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﺎﺏ ) ﻭﻓﺎﺓﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ،ﺃﻭ ﺧﻼﻝ 42ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎء ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ،ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺃﻱ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻤﻞﺃﻭ ﺗﻔﺎﻗﻢ ﺑﺴﺒﺒﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺗﻪ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﻋﺮﺿﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺮﺿﻴﺔ(. ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ ❖ ﻣﻌﺪﻝﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ:ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ ﻟﻜﻞ 100ﺃﻟﻒ ﻭﻻﺩﺓ ﺣﻴﺔ.ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻌﻜﺲ ﻡ.ﻥ.ﺡ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓ ،ﻭﻣﺪﻯ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻧﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻠﻘﺎﻫﺎ=.ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ 85.2)MMR 2021ﻟﻜﻞ 100000ﻭﻻﺩﺓ ﺣﻴﺔ. ❖ ﻭﻓﻘﺎﻷﺣﺪﺙ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ،ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰ 182))101ﺩﻭﻟﺔ( ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ. ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺪﻝﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ ✓ ﻭﻛﺎﻥﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻭﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ 32.5ﺳﻨﺔ ،ﺑﺤﺪ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ 45 ﻋﺎﻣﺎ ًﻭﺣﺪ ﺃﺩﻧﻰ 19ﻋﺎﻣﺎ) ً.ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﻧﺤﻮ 25ﻋﺎﻣﺎ(ً. ✓ ﻛﺎﻧﺖﺃﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ )(%51.3ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺍﺕ ).(4-2 ✓ ﺣﺪﺛﺖﺃﻏﻠﺒﻴﺔ ) (%75ﻣﻦ ﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ ﺃﺛﻨﺎءﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ )ﻧﺰﻳﻒ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ.(PPH-ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺤﺪﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ 24ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ%. 100ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺠﻨﺐ. ✓ ﻣﻌﻈﻢﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺓ ) (%63.8ﺧﻀﻌﺖ ﻟـﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺼﺮﻳﺔ )ﺑﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﻫﺬﺍﺍﻻﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺼﺮﻳﺔ %16.3) %37.5ﻟﻠﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺭﺉﺔ ﻭ %21.2ﻟﻠﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻳﺴﻠﻂﺍﻟﻀﻮء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﻮﺓ ( ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻧﻴﺎﺕ. ﻓﻲﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺆﺩﻱ ✓ 70%ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﺃﺣﻴﺎء ،ﻭ %30ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﺘﺎﺉﺠﻬﺎ ﻣﻤﻴﺘﺔ. ﺇﻟﻰﻧﺘﺎﺉﺞ ﻣﻤﻴﺘﺔ. ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ "ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺧﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ" ﺑﻘﻠﻢ ﺛﺎﺩﻳﻮﺱ ﻭﻣﺎﻳﻦ )(1994 * ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮﺍﻟﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ 2021 ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽﺍﻷﻣﻮﻣﻴﺔ ❖ﺗﺘﻤﻜﻦﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﻹﺟﻬﺎﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓﻭﺍﻹﺟﻬﺎﺽ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻵﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﺎﺗﻬﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺴﺒﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻓﺎﺓ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ. ❖ﻭﻗﺪﻳﻌﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻋﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﺆﻗﺘﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺩﺍﺉﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺳﻮء ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ: -ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ: ▪ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﻟﺪﻡ. ▪ ﺿﻐﻂﺩﻡ ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﻭﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺽ:ﻣﺆﻳﺪﻭ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﻣﺆﻳﺪﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ.ﺗﺪﻋﻢ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﺆﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺣﻖ ﺃﻱ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ. ﺇﻥﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺸﺄﻥ ﻭﻇﺎﺉﻔﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﺍﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ.ﻭﺗﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﺆﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺑﻘﻮﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﺟﻬﺎﺽ ﻫﻮ ﻗﺘﻞ ﻟﻠﺠﻨﻴﻦ ﻭﻳﺤﺮﻣﻪﻣﻦ ﺣﻘﻪ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ. ﺗﺆﻛﺪﻣﺪﻭﻧﺔ ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺮﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻤﺮﺿﺎﺕ )(2005 ﻋﻠﻰﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺮﺿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺭﻓﺾ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻳﻀﺔ ﺗﺨﻀﻊ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺽ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺮﺿﺔﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍء ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ.ﻭﻳﺘﻌﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺮﺿﺎﺕ ﺇﺑﻼﻍ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﻬﻦ ﺑﻘﻴﻤﻬﻦﻭﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﺍﺗﻬﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻒ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﻇﻴﻒ ﺑﺪﻳﻠﺔ. ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻲﺍﻟﻤﺨﺪﺭﺍﺕ:ﺇﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻷﻱ ﺷﺨﺺ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺒﺐ ﺇﺻﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻴﻦ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻪ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔﻭﺃﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ.ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ،ﺃﺻﺪﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻛﻢ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﺎًﺑﺎﻟﺴﺠﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻲ ﺗﺴﺒﺒﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻳﺬﺍءﺃﺟﻨﺘﻬﻦ.ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺆﺩﻱ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺍﺗﻬﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻹﻫﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺗﻌﺮﻳﺾﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺮ ﺿﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ. ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﻭﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺝﺍﻟﺠﻨﻴﻨﻲ:ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﺔﺍﻟﺠﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻢ ﻫﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﻓﺘﺢﺍﻟﺮﺣﻢ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻭﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻢ.ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺪﺧﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ،ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﻞ.ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺁﺧﺮﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻳﺤﺴﻦ ﻧﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ. ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻨﻴﺮﺓ ﻳﺤﺪﺙﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍء ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ.ﺍﻝﻃﺒﻴﺐ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻻ ًﻋﻦ ﺇﺑﻼﻍ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﻹﺟﺮﺍءﻭﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻭﺻﻒ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﻟﻺﺟﺮﺍء ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺝ ﻭﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮﻩ ﻭﻓﻮﺍﺉﺪﻩﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻳﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ. ﺗﺸﻤﻞﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺮﺿﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻨﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ: ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻝ ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﻳﻔﻬﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻮﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﻷﺳﺉﻠﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ,ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺷﻔﻮﻳﺔ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ.ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻤﻊﺷﺎﻫﺪﺍﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ،ﻣﺸﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔﺗﻢ ﺗﻠﻘﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ. ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ ﺭﻓﺾﺍﻟﻌﻼﺝ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻲ: ﺟﻤﻴﻊﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء ﻟﺪﻳﻬﻢﺍﻟﺤﻖ ﻓﻲ ﺭﻓﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺝ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻲﺍﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩﺍ ً ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ. ﻭﻣﻦﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﻴﺮﺓ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻄﺮ.ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺮﻓﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺝ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﻣﻊﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﺍﺗﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ.ﻭﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ ﺗﺜﻘﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﺣﻮﻝ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺇﺟﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ.ﻭﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻘﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔﻟﻸﺳﺮﺓ ﻭﺗﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ.ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺜﻘﻴﻒ ﻫﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ. ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺔ ❖ﻳﺠﺐﺃﻥ ﺗﻈﻞ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﺩﺍﺉﻤﺎً ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﻭﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ. ❖ﻓﻲﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻟﻴﺪ ،ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕﺗﺘﻢ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻭﺻﻴﺎء ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻴﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ. ❖ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎءﺍﺕﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ ،ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻹﺑﻼﻍ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺪﺍء ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺪﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻲ ﻭﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﻣﻲ.ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﺑﻼﻍ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻳﺔ. ❖ﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ،ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺇﺑﻼﻍ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻫﺬﺍﺳﻴﺤﺪﺙ ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ-ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ❖ ﻗﻀﺎﻳﺎﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ،ﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻠﻘﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ،ﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻳﻀﺎﺕﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﺪﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﺴﺎﺥ ،ﻭﺃﺑﺤﺎﺙ ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺠﺬﻋﻴﺔ،ﻭﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻳﻼﺕ. ❖ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡﺍﻷﻧﺴﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﺑﺤﺎﺙ ❖ ﺍﻹﻧﻌﺎﺵ)ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺘﻰ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ؟( &ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺯﻥﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﻗﺴﻢﺗﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ