Quantitative Research Design PDF

Wrap Up What can you infer regarding the image below?  Wrap Up Process questions: 1. Do you think that designing is relevant in research? 2. Do you agree that the design process also starts with a lot of questions? Unit 5: Quantitative Research Design an...

Wrap Up What can you infer regarding the image below?  Wrap Up Process questions: 1. Do you think that designing is relevant in research? 2. Do you agree that the design process also starts with a lot of questions? Unit 5: Quantitative Research Design and Methodology Lesson 1 Quantitative Research Design Teacher: Jay Marll A. Yee Practical Research 2 SPST 1 Senior High School Applied - Academic How do you want your data to be measured and collected? EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 4  Differentiate the three research designs according to purpose and Learning procedure. Objectives Distinguish the research design At the end of the used in a quantitative research. lesson, you should be able to do the following: Assess the quality of a specific research design used in a quantitative research study. EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 55  Quantitative Research Design Research design is a systematic procedure implemented by a researcher (Kumar 2011). It aims to answer the research problem precisely and without bias. EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 6  Quantitative Research Design Quantitative research designs are empirical, straightforward, and can test their reliability and validity. The information provided in quantitative research designs is more constricted and rigid for it to undergo verification using replication studies. EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 7 What are the factors to consider in using quantitative research design? 8  Quantitative Research Design Quantitative research designs vary in terms of the following: the intent use of manipulation procedures used EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 99 Tip The research design of a study can easily be identified based on the abstract of a journal article. 10 Tip The study is experimental if it involves intervention. 11 Tip On the other hand, a study is most likely to be correlational or descriptive if it explores the relationship between variables. 12  Experimental Research Design The main purpose of the experimental research design is to find out whether an intervention considered as the independent variable has an effect on a dependent variable; while controlling all of the other nuisance variables. EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 13 Experimental Research Design EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 14 14  Experimental Research Design An experimental design must contain the following elements: 1. treatment/manipulation or intervention 2. controlling extraneous variables 3. randomization of participants EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 15 15 Example of a causal relationship EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 16 16 Example of a causal relationship The figure shows an example of an experimental research design. The manipulation of the independent variable, which is the application of Fertilizer Z, is tested whether it has an effect on the dependent variable, which is the plant growth. possible extraneous variables: the quality of the soil and; temperature of the location where the plant was grown. EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 17 17  Quasi-Experimental Design Similar to experimental designs, a quasi- experimental design requires the independent variable to be manipulated. However, a quasi-experimental design requires the independent variable to be manipulated but it lacks a key element of an experimental design, which is randomization. EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 18 18 in Experimental Research Design… EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 19 19 Quasi-Experimental Design 20 EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 20 20 What other situations can quasi- experimental research design be used? 21  Correlational Design Correlational research is used to study the association between two variables (Leary 2012). In this study, the researcher is interested if the variables are related to one another. EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 22 22  Correlational Design This research design is a nonexperimental procedure; it does not tell about the causality between two or more variables; rather, it only describes the degree of association. EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 23 23 Example of a relationship between two variables EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 24 24 When is it appropriate to use a correlational research design? 25 Differences between positive and negative correlation Type Definition Example Positive As one variable increases, Higher motivation level of so is the other variable. students is related to This is also known as higher academic direct relationship. performance. Negative As one variable increases, Higher stress level of the other variable students is related to decreases. This is also lower academic known as inverse performance. relationship. EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 26 26  Descriptive Research Design The purpose of descriptive research design is to study a naturally occurring phenomenon or subject of interest. It simply describes a specific characteristic or behavior of a target population. EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 27 27  Descriptive Research Design It does not involve the manipulation of variables and assigning participants to different conditions. EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 28 28 What are some limitations of a descriptive research design? 29 Three most common types of descriptive research Survey Research explores the trends in the characteristics of a group of people. For example, researchers can use survey research to study trends such as opinions of citizens towards a current issue in the country. EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 30 30 Three most common types of descriptive research Demographic Research describes basic life events, such as mortality rate, layoffs, and the number of household members, are described and understood using demographic research. Some researchers might be interested in the underlying processes of these major life events. EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 31 31 Three most common types of descriptive research Epidemiological Research studies different patterns of disease and health. For example, a researcher may study how often dengue fever occurs among children in the Philippines. EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLORE EXPLAIN EXTEND 32 32 Remember Descriptive research designs explain different patterns of information about a target population and can be classified as survey, demographic, or epidemiological research. 33  Wrap Up A quantitative research design can either be experimental, correlational, or descriptive. The key elements of an experimental research design are manipulation of the independent variable, control of extraneous variables, and randomization of participants. 34  Wrap Up A correlational research design aims to describe the relationship between two or more variables. The most common research studies under descriptive research design are survey, demographic, and epidemiological research. 35 Wrap Up