SNC1D Chemistry Past Paper PDF 2013

2/9/2013 SNC1D CHEMISTRY ATOMS, ELEMENTS, & COMPOUNDS L Matter (P.136-140) Matter Fireworks are an ancient technology, first invented in China over 2000 years ago. Today, fireworks can be seen around the world and creating them is an art...

2/9/2013 SNC1D CHEMISTRY ATOMS, ELEMENTS, & COMPOUNDS L Matter (P.136-140) Matter Fireworks are an ancient technology, first invented in China over 2000 years ago. Today, fireworks can be seen around the world and creating them is an art form called pyrotechnics. Pyrotechnics is a branch of chemistry, the science concerned with understanding and changing matter. February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 1 Matter Matter is anything that has mass and volume. Matter can be solid, liquid, or gas or a combination of these states. For example, foam is a mixture of a liquid and a gas, or a solid and a gas. MATTER anything that has mass and volume can be a solid, liquid, or gas (or a combo of …) February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 2 1  2/9/2013 Matter Mass is a measure of the quantity of matter in an object. Mass is often measured in kilograms (kg) or in grams (g). MASS measure of the quantity of matter in an object measured in ‘kg’ or ‘g’ February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 3 Matter Volume is a measure of how big an object is or how much space a fluid takes up. Volume is often measured in litres (L) or in millilitres (mL). VOLUME measure of how much space an object or fluid takes up measured in ‘L’ or ‘mL’ February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 4 The Particle Theory of Matter All matter is made of tiny particles. Different kinds of matter are made of different kinds of particles. For example, the particles that make up water are different from the particles that make up the glass containing it. The particle theory of matter is a way to describe the structure of matter and its behaviour. PARTICLE THEORY OF MATTER theory that describes the composition and behaviour of matter February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 5 2  2/9/2013 The Particle Theory of Matter According to the particle theory: particles are attracted to each other and are always moving when heated, particles gain energy and begin to move faster the distances between the particles change for different states of matter the amount of attraction is different for different kinds of particles February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 6 The Particle Theory of Matter PARTICLE THEORY OF MATTER Î All matter is made up of tiny particles. Ï All particles have empty spaces between them. Ð Different substances are made up of different kinds of particles. Ñ Particles are in motion and move faster as temperature increases. Ò Particles attract each other. February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 7 The Particle Theory of Matter PRACTICE solid liquid gas 1. Use the diagram below to complete following chart. force space February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 8 3  2/9/2013 Particles & Heat NOTE! For a given substance, such as water, the state it is in is related to its temperature. As heat (energy) is added, the particles vibrate more quickly, which weakens the attraction between them. February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 9 Particles & Heat PRACTICE 2. Water can exist as ice, liquid water, or gas. In each of the following, is heat added (+) or removed (–) in order to change the state of water? (a) evaporation + (b) condensation – (c) freezing – (d) melting + February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 10 Particles & Heat PRACTICE 3. If you put olive oil in the fridge, the oil becomes solid. Explain what has happened using the particle theory of matter. since heat was removed the particles slowed down February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 11 4  2/9/2013 Particles & Heat PRACTICE 4. Tin is a metal with a melting point of 232EC and a boiling point of 2602EC. What is its state of matter at each of the following temperatures? (a) 0EC solid (b) 1000EC liquid (c) 2000EC liquid (d) 4000EC gas February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 12 Particles & Heat PRACTICE 5. The melting point of aluminum metal is 660EC. Is its freezing point slightly less than, equal to, or slightly more than 660EC? the freezing point is equal to 660EC (i.e. the transition temperature) February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 13 Particles & Heat PRACTICE 6. According to the particle theory of matter, gases contain particles that are far apart. Do the particles in a solid have spaces between them? Are the particles moving? Explain. yes there are spaces and yes the particles are vibrating, but they are vibrating very slowly February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 14 5  2/9/2013 U Check Your Learning TEXTBOOK P.147 Q.1-3,5,6,10 February 9, 2013 1DCHEM - Matter 15 6