Lecture 3: The Rock Cycle PDF

Lecture 3: The Rock Cycle 1 ©JoAnna Wendel Reminder Assignment 1 due tonight by 11:59 pm Upload a link from a media source that references our changing world and/or the impact of geological processes and Earth scien...

Lecture 3: The Rock Cycle 1 ©JoAnna Wendel Reminder Assignment 1 due tonight by 11:59 pm Upload a link from a media source that references our changing world and/or the impact of geological processes and Earth science on our everyday lives  Last lecture: Formation of the universe, solar system, and Earth This lecture: Define what a mineral is Objectives Become familiar with the rock cycle Identify characteristics of each rock type in the cycle 2  Minerals & Rocks Quartz Mineral Naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid crystalline repeating - structure , Specific chemical composition Rock solid object Sandstone outcrop, PEI one Coherent - handful i.e. not Of a sand Sandstone rock Naturally occurring Aggregate of one or more minerals Outcrop/Exposure Exposed rock surfaces Lit. driving to Kenora Images: commons.wikimedia.org; curriculumsupport.education.nsw.gov.au; J. Hawthorn  granite rock-forming minerals : essential for id. and class. Of rocks Fig 2.1  Si04 /tetrahedra Rock-Forming Minerals common most Silicate minerals SiO4 tetrahedra Marshak, Fig. 5-16 Feldspart ~30% of all known minerals 90% of Earth’s crust Example: quartz, potassium feldspar Indiana Geological Survey Carbonate minerals CO3 Calcite: most common non-silicate is main component of animal shells and skeletons Sandatlas.org ChemTube3D.com The Rock Cycle 8 Fig 2.8  Igneous Rocks coolsquicker Lin the magma Fig 2.9 Classification of Igneous Rocks and chemical composition (texture I see can you eye) seeh taked thecrystaa Aphanitic can't -rapid cooling > - -volcanic (extrusive) Phaneritic at depth -slow cooling -- -plutonic (intrusive) I can see the crystals Fig 2.11  started cooling in magma, Classification of Igneous Rocks it then became extrinsic where / finished cooling Porphyritic texture: 2 stage cooling Aphanitic -rapid cooling -volcanic (extrusive) Phaneritic -slow cooling -plutonic (intrusive) Fig 2.11 Classification of Igneous Rocks so finegran araina large magnesium Fig 2.10 iron  Igneous Rocks Classified Mostly by Their Textures in the magma water Gas bubbles Cools quickly Ash Fig 2.12 Fig 2.8  Sedimentary Rocks dissolved solid or of /particles rock Any rocks made up of sediment another Formed by: Weathering, erosion Precipitation of minerals from solution Compaction of plant and animal remains Sediment is transported by: Water Glaciers Wind 13 Sandatlas.org  wind Sedimentary Rocks 20 Sedimentary Rocks – Lithification L rock becoming a Lithification process Sediments accumulate ofthe materials Sediments become compacted by weight Sediments are cemented by minerals ↳ fluid perculates Sediment particle sizes Gravel: >2 mm Sand: 1/16-2 mm Silt: 1/256 - 1/16 mm Clay: