ITE101 Living in the IT Era - Week 16-17 Learning Materials PDF

**Course Code: ITE101** **Course Title: Living in the IT Era** Learning Material for Week \#: **16-17** **Course Intended Learning Outcomes:** 1. Define the different pros and cons in living in IT Era. 2. Familiarize the new trends and upcoming technologies. 3. Construct the possible future...

**Course Code: ITE101** **Course Title: Living in the IT Era** Learning Material for Week \#: **16-17** **Course Intended Learning Outcomes:** 1. Define the different pros and cons in living in IT Era. 2. Familiarize the new trends and upcoming technologies. 3. Construct the possible future of information technology. **Learning Objectives:** 1. To identify the major emerging issues and trends currently facing school leaders and their potential impact on society and schools 2. To analyze the influence of emerging issues and trends on school improvement initiatives 3. To describe the acceptable approaches to situations arising from emerging issues and trends 4. To develop a position on emerging issues and trends in education and prepare cogent arguments for and against specific positions regarding those emerging issues. **Trends in Education** ----------------------- **Online Education** -------------------- Online education is a notion that can be offered much more easily than ever before because to the broad adoption and influence of mobile devices. Students with transportation issues or working adults can still access education without restrictions. Working adults who want to master new skills and technologies are increasingly interested in online education. The digital world is slowly being embraced by higher education as well. Executive management courses, supplementary credentials, professional education, and online certifications are all growing in popularity. Many working people choose to enroll in courses that they can easily learn while at work or at home. In the Philippines, online education is a new frontier. This suggests a platform for offering instruction to students in remote locations via videos and tutorials, where they may do so for a reasonable price. Numerous schools around the country have chosen the Dynamic Learning Program (DLP) and Learning Management System (LMS) as cutting-edge instructional frameworks. These can aid in learning even if students are unable to attend class. In the Philippine educational system, the following are now the norm: - Internet allowed school operations - teachers meet online with the students to stay connected with them - school administration meets online to follow-up on tasks - online classes to ensure that students continue to receive the intervention needed, and to facilitate skills across different platforms and settings - instructional materials were prepared in such a way that there would be lesser online meetings and in consideration of the students who don't have gadgets and have limited Internet access *Printed materials, online classes \'most preferred\' for distance learning -- DepEd* ===================================================================================== ###### *By Michelle Abad* *The Department of Education says the opening of classes on August 24 is pushing through, despite criticism regarding the government's readiness for implementing distance learning* PREPARATION. A teacher at the Mabini Elementary School in Baguio City prepares emergency kits for students and disinfects the premises to prevent transmission of the coronavirus. Photo by Mau Victa/Rappler *PREPARATION. A teacher at the Mabini Elementary School in Baguio City prepares emergency kits for students and disinfects the premises to prevent transmission of the coronavirus. Photo by Mau Victa/Rappler* *MANILA, Philippines -- The most preferred options students chose for distance learning are printed modules or online classes for the next school year, according to the Learner Enrollment and Survey Form (LESF) conducted by the Department of Education (DepEd).* *In a slide presented in a July 1 press briefing, the DepEd found around 2 million students want to learn online, while 3.8 million students want printed materials as a mode of instruction (also called the "modular" method).*  *Screenshot sourced by Rappler from the Department of Education* *The LESF is filled out by all parents who enroll their children in school. While there were 16.6 million enrollees at the time of the presentation on July 1, DepEd planning director Roger Masapol explained there is a \"lag\" in encoding the answers for the LESF, and so the total respondents reflected on the survey were 10.9 million.* *Masapol also said parents may choose to not answer every question, and those who did answer could choose more than one answer for their preferred modes.* *While the survey reflects the responses of a few million students, they still do not reflect the answers of all 16.6 million students who enrolled for school year 2020-2021 as of July 1. So far, this is also just roughly 59% of the turnout of 2019, with 27.7 million enrollees.* *The department estimates an [enrollment turnout this year of 80%](https://www.rappler.com/nation/265400-deped-expects-enrollment-turnout-school-year-2020-2021).* *The DepEd is shifting to a distance learning approach for the next school year to comply with President Rodrigo Duterte's directive to postpone face-to-face classes until there is an available [coronavirus vaccine](https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/254898-things-to-know-coronavirus-cures-vaccines-being-tested). The school year is [set to open on August 24](https://www.rappler.com/nation/259936-deped-announcement-classes-resume-august-24-2020).* *Distance learning will be implemented in 3 different ways -- online classes, printed modules, and broadcasted lessons through television or [radio](https://www.rappler.com/nation/263908-duterte-eyes-purchase-radios-students-far-flung-areas-during-pandemic). ([FAST FACTS: DepEd's distance learning](https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/262503-things-to-know-department-education-distance-learning))* *As of Wednesday, July 1, the DepEd's units are "busy preparing the self-learning modules for all subjects and grade levels." Meanwhile, regional offices are adjusting the distance learning programs to make them more suitable to the situations on the ground.* 2. **Integrated Learning Solutions** It is not a practical idea for schools to wait until all learning is digital before introducing children to it. The majority of schools now embrace the realities of integrated learning systems. They want to meet the least amount of demands on the digital infrastructure while still using conventional textbooks as the foundation. In actuality, it is unjust for certain students to continue to be ignorant of the advantages of digital education due to connectivity and infrastructural problems. Learning results may be greatly enhanced by using clever solutions, such as a print textbook linked to audio-visual information for a smartboard and connected to an online evaluation system. 3. **Personalized Learning** As students may learn without worrying about device, location, or scheduling restrictions, this will be a noteworthy trend of the year. As a result, students may study without being constrained by their comprehension level, learning style, or areas of strength or weakness. For children with exceptional needs, this actually changes the game since they now have the flexibility or freedom to learn at their own speed and be prepared at the conclusion of the academic year. For instance, dyslexic students are being helped by applications like Dragon Speak to study through audiobooks in order to get over the limits of textbook approaches. 4. **Professional Development of Teachers** Of course, instructors are a crucial component of the learning ecology. In order for students to experience the best of the current technology, it is crucial to acquaint them with the competences and abilities of the current generation. This only serves to increase the demand for professional development courses as they may improve their lateral thinking skills while also learning new teaching-learning methodologies. To enable instructors of all grade levels have an influence on current learning patterns, school officials are taking steps to arrange these programs and training. Surprisingly, the tendency is now evident at educational institutions in the public and private sectors. 5. **Formative assessment solutions** More emphasis will be placed on the value of learning outcomes, which is why formative assessment strategies are employed. In this digital age, the traditional evaluation choices, such as simple memory exams at the conclusion of a term, may be less effective. Learning has an influence through formative assessments because they gauge student development, evaluate how well the curriculum is being delivered, and examine personal and social skills. In fact, because these procedures are adaptive, students will experience the results in a customized way. This is another reason why institutions increasingly choose formative assessment over traditional cookie-cutter methods. 6. **Cost Management in Education** Administrations will need in-depth planning as technology advances in the education sector to guarantee appropriate investment. The control of costs in the education sector will significantly improve with the right plan. To save operating costs, educational institutions are anticipated to spend more in cloud technology in the upcoming years. Due to common services, it will also increase operational efficiency in the education sector. With the adoption of blockchain technology in the education industry, printing and paper costs will go down. Every crucial document, including degrees, certificates, and other legal papers, will be available online. This will also lower the cost of manpower, which is typically needed at institutes to handle, store, and maintain a large amount of data. The cost of other sectors will decrease, but the computational component will cost more money. Now, more and more classes are linked. Therefore, the need for better computational resources is inevitable. This expense will improve operations. Sending information, executing transactions, and many other tasks will move to digital formats and become easier. 7. **The Changing Role of a Teacher** The 21st century has changed the concept of a teacher too. More than a data feeder, the teacher has become someone who nurtures the learners adequately. This trend has become the crux of the student-centered approach to learning. The teacher has become a person who guides his/ her class through activities and sharing the wonder of discovery. Though involved in the activities, a teacher should keep an eye on monitoring the personal progress of individuals and helping the ones who need special attention and help. Issues Regarding the Educational System ======================================= The colonial history of the Philippines, encompassing the Spanish, American, and Japanese periods of authority and occupation, has had a significant impact on the country\'s educational system. The most significant and enduring contributions to the country\'s educational system, though they were made by all of its conquerors, emerged during the American occupation (1898); it was at this aforementioned time that 1. English became the default language of instruction, and 2. First, a public education system was developed, one that was explicitly modeled after the American educational system and was further managed by the recently created Department of Instruction. The Philippines has a vast and widely comprehensive educational system including elements like higher education, much like the United States of America. The current educational system in the Philippines firstly consists of six years of obligatory schooling (from grades 1 to 6), which are loosely separated into two levels, each consisting of three years. The Primary Level is the first level, while the Intermediate Level is the second level. Although the Philippine educational system has long served as a model for other Southeast Asian nations, this has changed in recent years, and the system has deteriorated. This is particularly evident and true in the nation\'s more remote and impoverished regions. The Philippines\' educational system is plagued by a number of problems on a national level. **Quality of Education** The quality of education comes first. The results of the National Achievement Test (NAT) and the National Career Assessment Examination (NCAE) for the year 2014 reveal a drop in the standard of elementary and secondary education in the Philippines. Both the NAT and NCAE results from 2014 showed that student performance fell well short of the desired mean score. Having said that, the comparison of graduation rates between the highly urbanized city of Metro Manila, which also happens to be not only the country\'s capital but also the largest metropolitan area in the Philippines, and other regions of the country like Mindanao and Eastern Visayas reveals the poor quality of the Philippine educational system. While Eastern Visayas and Mindanao, two regions of the country, have primary school completion rates of about 30% or even lower than Manila, which can boast a primary school completion rate of almost 100%. This type of data comes as no surprise to the Philippine education system because children from metropolitan regions in the country have the financial means to finish at the very least their elementary school education. **Budget for Education** The money for education is the second problem the Philippine educational system is dealing with. The Philippines still maintains one of the lowest budget allocations to education among ASEAN nations, despite the Constitution of the Philippines mandating that the government devote the largest share of its budget to education. **Affordability of Education** The third significant problem that the Philippine educational system consistently faces is the cost of education (or the lack thereof). There is a significant accomplishment gap between various social classes in terms of schooling. Students from low- and high-income, impoverished households who are socioeconomically disadvantaged have much higher dropout rates in primary school. Additionally, the majority of tertiary level freshman students come from quite wealthy backgrounds. **Drop-out Rate (Out-of-school youth)** The worrisome rate of out-of-school youngsters in the nation, according to France Castro, secretary of the Alliance of Concerned Teachers (ACT). According to UNESCO data, there are 1.4 million youngsters who are not enrolled in school nationwide. The Philippines is also the only ASEAN nation to rank in the top 5 nations with the greatest proportion of young people who are not enrolled in school. Primary school dropout rates in 2012 were 6.38% and secondary school dropout rates were 7.82%, according to data from the Department of Education. According to Castro, \"the rising cost of oil, electricity, rice, water, and other basic commodities is further driving the poor into dire poverty and contributing to the growing number of children who are not in school.\" Therefore, when more families experience poverty, there are therefore more pupils enrolled in public schools, particularly at the high school level. According to the Department of Education\'s 2013 estimate, there are 7,470 high schools and 38, 503 primary schools. **Mismatch** The gap between educational preparation and employment opportunities is considerable. This has the potential to be a significant problem at the tertiary level and is also the root of the continued high rates of educated but jobless or underemployed persons. A Cornell-educated congressman from the 1-Ang Edukasyon Party-list, Dean Salvador Belaro Jr., claims that there are around 600,000 educated unemployed people in the United States each year. The \"education gap\" is the term he uses to describe the problem. **Brain Drain** Due to the current phenomena of globalization, brain drain is a chronic issue that is seen in the Philippine educational system. It is projected that 2.3 million Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) worked overseas at any given time between April and September 2014. This continuous mass departure has severe economic repercussions as well as an unprecedented brain drain. Furthermore, the Philippine society has historically paid for the education of millions of people who go on to spend their most productive years overseas. As a result, the Philippines\' already subpar educational system indirectly funds the rich economies that host the OFWs. **Social Divide** There is a troublesome and obvious socioeconomic divide in the nation with relation to educational prospects. An equalizing influence on education has been observed in the majority of modern cultures. Due to this gap in the social structure, education is now a part of the institutional framework that separates the affluent from the poor. **Lack of Facilities and Teacher Shortage in Public Schools** Numerous infrastructure, including classrooms, teachers, desks and chairs, textbooks, and audio-visual resources, are in limited supply in Philippine public schools. 2003 Department of Education data According to Undersecretary Juan Miguel Luz, there are over 17 million students enrolled in public schools in the Philippines, and with a 2.3% annual population growth rate, there are roughly 1.7 million births each year. This means that in a few years, more people will claim ownership over their share of the (limited) educational resources. In conclusion, there are too many pupils and not enough funding. Despite the government\'s assertions that it is expanding the budgetary support for education, the public school system frequently struggles with shortages. Additionally, public colleges and universities steadily raise tuition in order to earn money for infrastructure, making postsecondary education difficult to attain or, more frequently than not, unavailable to the poor. However, it is important to recognize what the Aquino administration has accomplished with regard to classroom construction during its five years in office -- the number of classrooms created from 2005 to the first half of 2010 has quadrupled. Additionally, it was reported that 86,478 classrooms were erected between the years of 2010 and February 2015, a figure that was much higher than the 17,305 classrooms that were constructed between 2005 and 2010 and sufficient to make up for the 66,800 classroom shortfall in the previous year. President Aquino discussed the government\'s achievement of a zero backlog in classroom supplies, desks and chairs, and textbooks in his fourth state of the nation address (SONA), noting that 56,085 new teachers were hired in 2013 to fill the gap left by the shortage of teaching materials. However, according to information gathered by the Department of Education, there were 19, 579, 60 million textbook shortages, 2.5 million chair shortages, and 80, 937 shortages of water and sanitation facilities during the start of classes (June 2013). Additionally, it was determined that 770 schools in Metro Manila, Cebu, and Davao were overcrowded. The Department of Education also made statistics available indicating that 5,425 appointments, or 91% of the 61,510 teacher vacancies, had been filled. **Issues regarding the K-12** Regarding the system\'s ability to deliver high-quality education, there is disagreement. The results of the National Achievement Test (NAT) and the National Career Assessment Examination (NCAE) for the year 2014 reveal a drop in the standard of elementary and secondary education in the Philippines. Both the NAT and NCAE results from 2014 showed that student performance fell well short of the desired mean score. Having said that, the comparison of graduation rates between the highly urbanized city of Metro Manila, which also happens to be not only the country\'s capital but also the largest metropolitan area in the Philippines, and other regions of the country like Mindanao and Eastern Visayas reveals the poor quality of the Philippine educational system. The Department of Education also made statistics available indicating that 5,425 appointments, or 91% of the 61,510 teacher vacancies, had been filled. The money for education is the second problem the Philippine educational system is dealing with. The Philippines still maintains one of the lowest budget allocations to education among ASEAN nations, despite the Constitution of the Philippines mandating that the government devote the largest share of its budget to education. The third significant problem that the Philippine educational system consistently faces is the cost of education (or the lack thereof). There is a significant accomplishment gap between various social classes in terms of schooling. Socioeconomically disadvantaged pupils, often known as students from high- and low-income households who are impoverished, have much higher drop-out rates at the primary school level. Additionally, the majority of tertiary level freshman students come from quite wealthy backgrounds. Last but not least, there is a significant amount of mismatch, when there is a significant amount of mismatch between training and real occupations. This has the potential to be a significant problem at the tertiary level and is also the root of the continued high rates of educated but jobless or underemployed persons. **References:** Abad. 2020. Printed materials, online classes \'most preferred\' for distance learning -- DepEd. https://bit.ly/2C0UpX2; Retrieval Date: 02 Jul 2020 ==================================================================================================================================================== Lee. 2020. Major Issues in Education: 20 Hot Topics (From Grade School to College). ; Retrieval Date: 02 Jul 2020 ============================================================================================================================================================================= Macha. 2018. Education in the Philippines. ; Retrieval Date: 02 Jul 2020 =================================================================================================================================== Malipot. 2019. Has change come to Philippine education? https://bit.ly/3eWIc4c; Retrieval Date: 02 Jul 2020 =========================================================================================================== Vasquez. 2020. Online education during a pandemic. https://bit.ly/2VC4Rv1; Retrieval Date: 02 Jul 2020 ====================================================================================================== 5 Trends in Education to Watch out for in 2020. ; Retrieval Date: 02 Jul 2020 ======================================================================================================================================== ### Educational Trends and Issues. https://bit.ly/2VJEfbk; Retrieval Date: 02 Jul 2020 Issues Regarding the Educational System. ; Retrieval Date: 03 Jul 2020 ============================================================================================== Top 24 Educational Trends for 2020. ; Retrieval Date: 02 Jul 2020