Assignment 1: Introduction to IoT PDF

Assignment 1: Introduction to IoT 1. What is IoT? a) Internet of Tools b) Internet of Things c) Internet of Telemetry d) Internet of Technology Answer: b 2. Which is not a characteristic of IoT? a) Connectivity b) Scalability c) Manual Operation d) D...

Assignment 1: Introduction to IoT 1. What is IoT? a) Internet of Tools b) Internet of Things c) Internet of Telemetry d) Internet of Technology Answer: b 2. Which is not a characteristic of IoT? a) Connectivity b) Scalability c) Manual Operation d) Data Sharing Answer: c 3. IoT devices commonly use which architecture? a) Monolithic b) Client-Server c) Layered d) Event-Driven Answer: c 4. The term IoT was coined in: a) 1999 b) 2005 c) 2010 d) 2015 Answer: a 5. What is a major risk in IoT? a) High power consumption b) Security vulnerabilities c) Scalability issues d) Lack of automation Answer: b 6. IoT security primarily focuses on: a) Reducing costs b) Data privacy and integrity c) Enhancing performance d) Improving user interface Answer: b 7. Sensor networks in IoT are used to: a) Control devices remotely b) Collect and transmit data c) Replace manual work d) Reduce network traffic Answer: b 8. Which AI technology is commonly used in IoT? a) Decision Trees b) Neural Networks c) Blockchain d) Database Systems Answer: b 9. IoT trends include: a) Reduced device connectivity b) Decreased use of AI c) Smart homes and wearables d) Manual monitoring Answer: c 10. A typical IoT architecture includes: a) Database management b) Data collection, processing, and analytics c) Monolithic systems d) Proprietary communication Answer: b 11.Which protocol is commonly used in IoT? a) HTTP b) MQTT c) FTP d) SMTP Answer: b 11.Contiki OS is designed for: a) General-purpose computing b) Embedded systems and IoT c) High-performance servers d) Cloud applications Answer: b Assignment 2: Communication Protocols and Contiki OS 1. Which protocol operates on a publish-subscribe model? a) HTTP b) MQTT c) FTP d) CoAP Answer: b 2. What is the primary purpose of the CoAP protocol? a) File transfer b) Lightweight communication for IoT c) Email transmission d) Large-scale data storage Answer: b 3. Which layer of the OSI model does MQTT operate on? a) Application b) Transport c) Network d) Data Link Answer: a 4. Contiki OS is best suited for: a) High-performance data analytics b) Low-power, resource-constrained IoT devices c) Cloud computing environments d) Desktop operating systems Answer: b 5. What is the role of 6LoWPAN in IoT? a) Enabling IPv6 over low-power wireless networks b) Providing high-speed internet connectivity c) Compressing application layer protocols d) Enhancing network security Answer: a 6. The communication stack in Contiki OS includes: a) Only application and transport layers b) All layers including physical and MAC layers c) Only network and transport layers d) None of the above Answer: b 7. Which protocol uses a "GET" method similar to HTTP but is designed for IoT? a) MQTT  b) CoAP c) SMTP d) FTP Answer: b 8. Contiki OS supports which IoT communication standard? a) Zigbee b) Wi-Fi 6 c) 5G d) HTTP/2 Answer: a 9. Which feature is NOT supported by Contiki OS? a) Multitasking b) Dynamic linking c) Real-time data processing d) Web browsing Answer: d 10. Contiki OS uses which scheduling model? a) Round-robin b) Event-driven c) Priority-based d) Batch processing Answer: b Assignment 3: Introduction to Arduino 1. Which microcontroller is used in Arduino Uno? a) ATmega328P b) PIC16F877A c) STM32 d) 8051 Answer: a 2. How many digital pins does Arduino Uno have? a) 12 b) 14 c) 16 d) 18 Answer: b 3. Which language is primarily used for programming Arduino? a) Python b) C++ c) Java d) Assembly Answer: b 4. What is the function of the "analogRead()" command in Arduino? a) Reads digital input values b) Reads analog input values c) Outputs analog signals d) Writes digital values Answer: b 5. The Arduino IDE is based on: a) Eclipse b) Processing c) Visual Studio d) NetBeans Answer: b 6. Which pin is typically used for PWM output on Arduino Uno? a) A0 b) D3 c) A1 d) D13 Answer: b 7. The maximum voltage for Arduino Uno is: a) 3.3V b) 5V c) 9V d) 12V Answer: b 8. The clock speed of the Arduino Uno is: a) 8 MHz b) 16 MHz c) 32 MHz d) 64 MHz Answer: b 9. Which function initializes the program in Arduino? a) loop() b) setup() c) start()  d) begin() Answer: b 10. What is the main feature of the ATmega328P microcontroller? a) Low power consumption b) 32-bit architecture c) High-speed operation d) Built-in Wi-Fi module Answer: a Assignment 4: Arduino-Sensor Practical (Basic Interfacing) 1. What type of component is an LED? a) Sensor b) Actuator c) Microcontroller d) Resistor Answer: b 2. The function "digitalWrite(13, HIGH)" in Arduino: a) Reads a digital value from pin 13 b) Writes a low signal to pin 13 c) Sets pin 13 to a high state d) Configures pin 13 as an input pin Answer: c 3. Which sensor measures light intensity? a) Potentiometer b) LDR c) DHT11 d) Flame Sensor Answer: b 4. Which component is used to measure rotation? a) Motor b) Potentiometer c) LED d) LDR Answer: b 5. The DHT11 sensor measures: a) Temperature and Humidity b) Soil Moisture  c) Gas Levels d) Sound Intensity Answer: a 6. A potentiometer is primarily used to: a) Emit light b) Adjust resistance c) Detect motion d) Measure temperature Answer: b 7. The "delay()" function in Arduino: a) Stops the program indefinitely b) Pauses execution for a specific time c) Runs a task in the background d) Restarts the program Answer: b 8. Which sensor detects gas leaks? a) Soil Moisture Sensor b) IR Sensor c) Gas Sensor d) LDR Answer: c 9. What does an IR sensor detect? a) Light intensity b) Infrared radiation c) Sound waves d) Gas levels Answer: b 10. A buzzer in an Arduino circuit is used to: a) Sense temperature b) Emit sound c) Control motors d) Measure voltage Answer: b Assignment 5: Arduino-Sensor Practical (Interfacing LCD, DHT11, Gas Sensor, and Water Level Sensor) 1. Which library is commonly used to interface an LCD with Arduino? a) LiquidCrystal.h b) LCDController.h  c) Display.h d) Screen.h Answer: a 2. What does the DHT11 sensor measure? a) Temperature and humidity b) Soil moisture and temperature c) Light and gas levels d) Flame intensity and humidity Answer: a 3. How many pins are required to connect a 16x2 LCD to Arduino? a) 8 b) 12 c) 16 d) 10 Answer: b 4. Which pin on the LCD is used for contrast adjustment? a) RS b) V0 c) E d) D4 Answer: b 5. The output of a gas sensor is typically: a) Analog b) Digital c) Pulse-width modulated d) Binary Answer: a 6. A water level sensor measures: a) Light intensity b) Moisture level in the soil c) Depth of water in a container d) Gas concentration Answer: c 7. The DHT11 sensor's signal pin is usually connected to: a) GND b) VCC c) A0 d) A digital pin Answer: d  8. What type of display is a 16x2 LCD? a) OLED b) TFT c) Dot-matrix LCD d) LED-based Answer: c 9. Gas sensors like MQ-series are sensitive to: a) Specific gas concentrations b) Water levels c) Light intensity d) Electrical noise Answer: a 10. To clear the screen on an LCD, use: a) lcd.reset() b) lcd.clear() c) lcd.flush() d) lcd.erase() Answer: b Assignment 6: Arduino-Sensor Practical (Soil Moisture, IR, Sound, and Flame Sensors) 1. Soil moisture sensors primarily measure: a) Conductivity of soil b) Humidity in the air c) Gas levels in soil d) Soil pH levels Answer: a 2. What does an IR sensor typically detect? a) Infrared radiation b) Sound waves c) Gas concentration d) Water levels Answer: a 3. Which component is essential for a flame sensor to detect fire? a) UV-sensitive diode b) Infrared-sensitive diode c) Microphone  d) Capacitor Answer: b 4. Sound sensors work by detecting: a) Light intensity b) Temperature variations c) Acoustic waves d) Flame intensity Answer: c 5. Soil moisture sensors typically output: a) Digital or analog signals b) Only digital signals c) Only analog signals d) Pulse-width modulation Answer: a 6. What is the main application of an IR sensor in IoT? a) Water-level detection b) Proximity sensing c) Soil analysis d) Temperature control Answer: b 7. Which Arduino pin is best suited for analog sensor output? a) A0-A5 b) D0-D13 c) VCC d) GND Answer: a 8. A flame sensor is most sensitive to: a) Visible light b) Infrared light c) Ultraviolet light d) Radio waves Answer: b 9. Which sensor is suitable for detecting vibrations or loud noises? a) Flame sensor b) Sound sensor c) Soil moisture sensor d) LDR Answer: b 10. An IR sensor module usually includes: a) A photodiode and an IR LED  b) A microphone and a speaker c) A soil probe and water container d) A gas chamber and flame detector Answer: a Assignment 7: Case Study 1 - Indoor Air Quality Assessment 1. What is a key parameter to measure indoor air quality? a) CO2 concentration b) Soil moisture c) Light intensity d) Noise levels Answer: a 2. Which sensor is commonly used for air quality measurement? a) MQ-135 b) IR sensor c) LDR d) Soil moisture sensor Answer: a 3. What is the main objective of assessing indoor air quality? a) Increase light exposure b) Reduce humidity c) Ensure health and comfort d) Detect water levels Answer: c 4. What is the primary objective of indoor air quality assessment in IoT? a) Monitoring outdoor pollution levels b) Ensuring clean and safe indoor air c) Reducing noise pollution d) Enhancing water quality Answer: b 5. Which sensor is commonly used to measure air quality? a) MQ135 gas sensor b) Soil moisture sensor c) IR sensor d) Flame sensor Answer: a 6. What hardware component is used for processing sensor data in air quality monitoring? a) Motor driver b) Microcontroller (e.g., Arduino) c) LED d) Potentiometer Answer: b 7. The output of an air quality sensor is typically: a) Digital b) Analog c) Both analog and digital d) None of the above Answer: c 8. Which of the following is a key parameter in air quality monitoring? a) Light intensity b) Temperature and humidity c) Gas concentration (e.g., CO2, NH3) d) Soil pH levels Answer: c 9. In an IoT-based air quality monitoring system, data is typically sent to: a) A local database b) Cloud servers for real-time analysis c) An LCD display only d) A printer for reports Answer: b 10. Which communication protocol is suitable for sending air quality data to the cloud? a) MQTT b) FTP c) HTTP d) SMTP Answer: a 11. What is the role of an LCD in an air quality monitoring system? a) Sending data to the cloud b) Displaying real-time air quality values c) Detecting air quality parameters d) None of the above Answer: b 12. Why is calibration important in gas sensors? a) To increase the sensor's size  b) To ensure accurate measurements c) To reduce power consumption d) To connect to Wi-Fi Answer: b 13. Which of the following is a potential IoT solution for poor indoor air quality? a) Automated air purifiers controlled by sensor data b) Manual ventilation methods c) Increasing indoor humidity levels d) Using flame sensors for monitoring Answer: a Assignment 8: Case Study 2 - Agriculture System Management 1. What is a key problem addressed by IoT in agriculture? a) Manual labor reduction b) Monitoring soil moisture levels c) Both a and b d) Increasing storage capacity Answer: c 2. Which sensor is essential for monitoring soil moisture? a) Gas sensor b) Soil moisture sensor c) IR sensor d) Flame sensor Answer: b 3. Which communication protocol is commonly used for data collection in agricultural IoT? a) CoAP b) FTP c) HTTP d) MQTT Answer: d 4. What hardware is commonly used to automate irrigation systems? a) Relays and soil moisture sensors b) Motors and IR sensors c) LEDs and potentiometers d) LDRs and buzzers Answer: a 5. The DHT11 sensor in agriculture systems is used to measure: a) Soil moisture b) Temperature and humidity c) Water levels d) Flame intensity Answer: b 6. What is a potential benefit of IoT in agriculture? a) Improved crop yield b) Decreased water usage c) Real-time monitoring d) All of the above Answer: d 7. Which sensor can help detect water levels in a tank used for irrigation? a) Flame sensor b) Water level sensor c) LDR d) IR sensor Answer: b 8. What role does Arduino play in an IoT-based agriculture system? a) Controlling and processing sensor data b) Providing high-speed internet c) Performing wireless data analysis d) Generating reports automatically Answer: a 9. In agriculture IoT systems, which device is used to push collected data to the cloud? a) Microcontroller b) Wi-Fi module c) Gas sensor d) Motor driver Answer: b 10. The primary purpose of an agricultural IoT system is: a) Enhancing human labor in farming b) Optimizing resource usage and improving efficiency c) Reducing crop production d) Automating market research Answer: b Assignment 9: Advanced Arduino-Sensor Interfacing 1. To display sensor data on an LCD screen, which Arduino function is used? a) lcd.display() b) lcd.print() c) lcd.show() d) lcd.log() Answer: b 2. The potentiometer connected to an LCD is used to: a) Control the brightness of the backlight b) Adjust the screen contrast c) Display characters on the LCD d) Read analog signals Answer: b 3. The output of a flame sensor is generally: a) Digital b) Analog c) Both digital and analog d) None of the above Answer: c 4. Which sensor would be best suited to detect a flame in fire safety systems? a) Gas sensor b) IR sensor c) Flame sensor d) LDR Answer: c 5. A sound sensor module typically includes: a) A microphone and amplifier b) An LED and potentiometer c) A buzzer and relay d) A gas chamber and valve Answer: a 6. Interfacing an IR sensor with Arduino requires which pin for output? a) Analog pin (A0) b) Digital pin (D2) c) VCC pin d) GND pin Answer: b 7. A gas sensor's analog output is typically connected to which Arduino pin? a) A0  b) D0 c) A5 d) D10 Answer: a 8. Which command initializes communication with an LCD in Arduino? a) lcd.begin(16,2) b) lcd.start() c) lcd.init() d) lcd.run() Answer: a 9. Which component is essential for controlling a DC motor in an Arduino system? a) L298N motor driver b) Potentiometer c) Flame sensor d) Soil moisture sensor Answer: a 10. A buzzer connected to Arduino can be controlled using: a) analogWrite() b) digitalWrite() c) Both a and b d) Only using delay() Answer: c Assignment 10: IoT Trends, Risks, and AI Integration 1. A key trend in IoT is: a) Increased use of 5G b) Reduced device interconnectivity c) Decreasing reliance on automation d) Limited data analytics usage Answer: a 2. Which of the following is a risk in IoT systems? a) Limited device compatibility b) Data breaches and cyberattacks c) Excessive power efficiency d) No device-to-device communication Answer: b 3. AI in IoT systems is primarily used for: a) Real-time decision-making b) Controlling hardware connections c) Increasing manual intervention d) None of the above Answer: a 4. Machine learning in IoT can help in: a) Predictive maintenance b) Manual monitoring c) Static analysis only d) Eliminating data collection Answer: a 5. Which is NOT an IoT security measure? a) Data encryption b) Secure boot processes c) Biometric authentication d) Lack of password protection Answer: d 6. Edge computing in IoT helps by: a) Storing data in the cloud b) Processing data closer to the device c) Eliminating security risks d) Reducing device power Answer: b 7. AI-based IoT devices rely heavily on: a) Sensor networks b) Pre-programmed instructions only c) Static hardware configurations d) Manual intervention Answer: a 8. Which AI technology enhances IoT predictive capabilities? a) Neural networks b) Data hashing c) Static algorithms d) Manual programming Answer: a 9. The role of big data in IoT includes: a) Real-time analytics and predictions b) Only storing data for historical use c) Eliminating the need for sensors  d) Managing hardware directly Answer: a 10. IoT trends include: a) Smart cities b) Wearable devices c) Autonomous vehicles d) All of the above Answer: d