Lecture Notes PDF

Lecture Metacognition- Strategy Application- Knowledge Acquisition- Experimental Subtherory Novelty of Task- Automatization- Contextual Subtheory Adapting- change something about ourselves Shaping- change something in the environment Selecting- selecting a new environment Howard Gardner...

Lecture Metacognition- Strategy Application- Knowledge Acquisition- Experimental Subtherory Novelty of Task- Automatization- Contextual Subtheory Adapting- change something about ourselves Shaping- change something in the environment Selecting- selecting a new environment Howard Gardner (developed the view that intelligence come in many forms) He thought each type of intelligence had a curnal that was biologically based He thought each intelligence was different from eachother (independant) Gardners Theory of Intelligences Lingusitic - really good at using words, poetry, stories, debate, discussion, persuasive speech and explanation Logical-mathmatical-Piaget, analyzing problems, math, puzzles, science, relationships and patterns, abstract ideas, research, labs Musical- musical strenghts, appreciation for music, good at performance, enjoy singing, instruments Spatial-good at seeing spacial relationships, visualizing, following maps, charts, graphs, arcitetctural designs Bodily-controlling bodies, motor skills, hand eye coordination, enjoy sports Interpersonal- the understand and relate to other people, good at assesing other peoples emotion, pay attention to people around them, good at connection, minip. Intrapersonal- they understand themselves, own streghts and weaknesses, self aware and self reflective Natural- drawn to nature, see paterns in nature, environmental, outside activities, biology, botany, zoology, drawn to lion king, collect nature things as a child Existential- asking big picture questions, why are we here, are humans good or evil -Tend to manifest in early childhood, children hear things that are not musical as music, windchimes merriwether kid Issues in School Do schools foster creativity? Divergent and Convergent thinking Divergent- multiple answers of something, how many things can u make I  Convergent- draw one circle and make one thing, contricted thinking, coming up with one answer 2 Acheivement Related Attributions Masterty oriented attributions- based on mastery and learning, it goes a long with locus of control, people who have this belive that they are in control of their knowledge, change effort Performance oriented attributions-just wanting to do well, the world is more in control then they are, they don't think there is anything they can do -learned helplessness: dont believe there is anything they can do- dog skinner box, if dog a jumps the barrier, the shock stops and drags b who gets shocked, dog b learned in the first experiment that nothing he does matters. Locus of Control -Internal:Mastery -External:Performance Motivations Intrinsic- inside yourself Extinsic- outside yourself Language Phonemes- basic sounds in language, 40 sounds in english, learned before words Morphemes- basic meanign words of language, suffix, prefix, meaning, cat has one, cats, have 2, broke 1, broken 2, unbroken, 3. We can make up random things we have never heard, completely novel Past and future in language Can be used deceptively Communication systems cannot do any of that the way language can Human Language Nature vs Nurture Nature A role for nature- language is biologically predriven Chomsky- LAD, allowed us to understand the structure of language, our mind is designed for this Lennerberg- created a hypothesis, there is a critical period for language development, during that time the brain is waiting for language, if you try to learn it outside of that period it is way too hard. Support -Universal stages of language development -Active language aquisition Nurture Genie Skinner- association, imatation, reinforcement Expressive Language Development Crying Cooing-interest, then they become social coos, start smiling Babbling-harsh consonnent sounds, b,d,m, dadada,mamama,bababa, they do not have semantic content, they are not semiotic Expressive Jargon- end of 1st year, have phonemes, they sound like they are talking a language you don't know First Word- Year ish (understand a hundred words, receptive more than expressive) -Holophrase Two word Utterences (18-24), Telagrpahic speech, sounded like a telegram, had to pay by word, Mommy Home, 20-25 words a month learned Parents ease- like dog talk Diminutins- Kitty, doggy,