Environment Notes for Civil Services Exam PDF

Summary

These notes detail the environment and pollution, explaining concepts like environment, types of environment (physical, biological, cultural), human impact on the environment, and various types of pollution (air, water, land etc).

Full Transcript

Environment Notes for Civil Services Exam Call us : Whatsapp  9670365889 9670365889  9918100665 9918100665  8354045858 8354045858  9721026382 9721026382  7388655387 7388655387  7860949547 7860949547  971741329...

Environment Notes for Civil Services Exam Call us : Whatsapp  9670365889 9670365889  9918100665 9918100665  8354045858 8354045858  9721026382 9721026382  7388655387 7388655387  7860949547 7860949547  9717413295 9717413295  8528518244 8528518244 Email. [email protected] website:www.targetwithalok.in (1) Environment Notes for Civil Services Exam 01. i;kZoj.k ,oa iznw"k.k i;kZoj.k i;kZoj.k dk 'kfCnd vFkZ] ekuo ds pkjkas vksj ik;s tkus okys vkoj.k ls gS] tks HkkSfrd] vHkkSfrd] izkd`frd ,oa ekuoh; vkfn rRoksa ls feydj cuk gSA i;kZoj.k ,d vfoHkkT; lef"V gS] ftldh HkkSfrd] tSfod ,oa lkaLd`frd rRoksa okys ikjLifjd fØ;k'khy rRoksa ls jpuk gksrh gSA ;g ra= ;k rRo vyx&vyx o lkewfgd :i ls ijLij vUrjlacaf/kr gksrs gSaA HkkSfrd rRo] tSls& ty] LFky] ok;q] ekuo vkoklh; {ks= vkfn mldh lhekvksa dks lqfuf'pr djrs gSaA HkkSfrd i;kZoj.k] HkkSfrd rRoksa ls feydj curk gS] tks Øe'k% tyeaMy] LFkyeaMy vkSj ok;qeaMy dgykrs gSaA tSfod rRo] tSls& ikS/ks] tho&tarq] ekuo ,oa lw{etho vkfn thoeaMy dk fuekZ.k djrs gSaA lkaLd`frd rRo] tSls& vkfFkZd] lkekftd ,oa jktuhfrd vkfn eq[; :i ls ekuo }kjk fufeZr fd, x, gSa] tks lkaLd`frd i;kZoj.k ds varxZr vkrs gSaA i;kZoj.k dh lajpuk ,oa izdkj& i;kZoj.k HkkSfrd ,oa tSfod ifjdYiuk gS] vFkkZr~ blesa i`Foh ds nksuksa la?kVdksa] thfor rFkk vthfor dks 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA vr% bls nks :iksa esa foHkkftr fd;k tk ldrk gS& i;kZ o j.k HkkSfrd i;kZoj.k tSfod i;kZoj.k ouLifr i;kZoj.k LFkyh; i;kZoj.k tyh; i;kZoj.k ok;qeaMyh; i;kZoj.k  tarq i;kZoj.k ioZrh;  lkxjh;  tyok;q iBkjh  >hy  ekSle  eSnkuh  unh e#LFkyh; lkxjrVh; i;kZoj.k ij ekuo dk izHkko& i;kZoj.k ij ekuo dk izHkko nks :iksa esa ns[kk tk ldrk gS& (A) iz R ;{k iz H kko 1. ekuo us tc ls d`f"k dk;Z izkjaHk fd;k gS] rc ls mlus taxyksa dk dVko djds d`f"k {ks=ksa esa fujarj foLrkj fd;k gS vkSj tSls&tSls lH;rk dk fodkl gksrk x;k oSls&oSls ekuoh; xfrfof/k;k¡ Hkh fofof/kd`r gksrh xbZA Hkwfe mi;ksx esa ifjorZu ckj[k.M] NÙkhlxwe Ñf"k] vfr Ñf"k] vYi Ñf"k vkfnA 5. vEy o"kkZ] ty iznw"k.k] ok;q iznw"k.k] Hkh"k.k pØokr rFkk lqukeh vkfnA 6. vkS|ksfxd o jklk;fud dpjs dks [kqys esa NksM+ fn;k tkuk izeq[k dkj.k gSA Hkwfe iznw"k.k ds izHkko& iznwf"kr Hkwfe ls ty }kjk iznw"kd rRo unh] rkykcksa o >hyksa vkfn esa Hkh izos'k dj tkrs gSaA [kqys LFkkuksa ij ey foltZu ls e`nk esa dbZ izdkj ds jksx mRiUu gks tkrs gaS] ftlls vusd jksx gksrs gaSA buesa dqN izeq[k jksx fuEufyf[kr gaS] tSls& 1. ,UFkzSDl ¼[kqjidk jksx½ 2. fVVusl 3. xsaxzhu 4. Mk;fj;k o MhlsUVªhA 1. ,UFkSzDl& ;g i'kqvksa ds [kqj esa gksrk gSA 2. fVVusl& fVVusl gksus ls 'kjhj dh vkd`fr /kuq"k ds vkdkj dh gks tkrh gSA bl jksx esa 40-80% (16) Environment Notes for Civil Services Exam e`R;q nj gksrh gSA tkuojksa ds ey R;kx ls ;g thok.kq e`nk esa igqaprs gSa rFkk ogka ls fdlh Hkh O;fDRk ds dVs& QVs LFkku ij ?kko ds ek/;e ls jDr esa tkdj jksx mRiUu djrs gSaA 3. xasxzhu& ;g ?kko ij DykLVhfM;e csylkbZ thok.kq ds laØe.k ls gksrk gS] ftlls vaxksa esa ?kko rsth ls c

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