NSE 101 Anti-Black Racism Student Notes PDF

Week 7: Anti-Black Racism, Anti- Racism and Communication By Dr. Nadia Prendergast. © Communicatio All slides and notes were organized and/or creat...

Week 7: Anti-Black Racism, Anti- Racism and Communication By Dr. Nadia Prendergast. © Communicatio All slides and notes were organized and/or created by Nadia Prendergast. All links in the notes section. Not to n Course Weekly Learning Outcomes 1. Describe racism and anti-Black racism. 2. Outline the link between racism and intersectionality. 3. Examine racism, health, and healthcare. 4. Describe white privilege. 5. Explore what it means to be Black. 6. Recognize how Black nurses were made invisible. 7. Identify Black, Indigenous, Asian, and racialized nurse leaders. 8. Identify other Black, Indigenous, and racialized nursing-related leaders. 9. Examine anti-racism and how to be an anti-racist. 10.Outline what it means to be a critical ally. 11.Explore the power of words. 12.Examine anti-racist communication in the healthcare environment. Why a Focus on Anti-Black Racism? https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/13/us/racism-good-health-impact-survey/index.html  THE CLARK’S EXPERIMEN T https://www.gordonparksfoundation.org/gordon-parks/ https://hogg.utexas.edu/podcast-dr-kenneth-clark-on-racism-and-child- THE CLARK’S DOLL EXPERIMENT, 70 years later…  Tenets of Anti- Black racism is prejudice, attitudes, beliefs, stereotypin g, and discrimination that is directed at people of African descent and rooted in their unique history and experience of enslavement and its legacy. Anti-Black racism is deeply entrenched in Canadian institutions, policies, and practices, to the extent that it is either functionally normalized or rendered invisible to the larger White society. Anti-Black racism is manifest in the current social, economic, and political marginalization of African Canadians, which includes unequal opportunities, lower socio-economic status, higher unemployment, significant poverty rates, and overrepresentation in the criminal justice system” (Government of Ontario, 2022).  Awareness: Current events George Floyd - 2020 - Minnesota Black student - 2021 - Kitchener Did you know? In southern Ontario, Black male students are 2–4 times more likely to be suspended or expelled than their non-racialized peers (James & Turner, 2017). By the end of high school, 42% of Black students have been suspended at least once, compared with 18% of their non-racialized peers (James & Turner, 2017). (Prendergast et al., Anti-Black Racism in Health and Healthcare Racism is linked to poor health outcomes Race-based Racial inequities and chronic stress Stress-related diseases: data in Canada cardiovascular, diabetes, liver and kidney diseases Racism and mental health Negative effects on pregnancy (Prendergast et al., Intricacies of Racism Based on erroneous idea that groups of people are biologically different People classified into social groups called races Stereotypes The belief that some groups of people are inferior or less human than others Racialized groups What’s the purpose of having racial groups continue to exist? (Prendergast et al., Types of Racism Individual racism refers to the racist/discriminatory attitudes, beliefs, and behaviours of individuals. Institutional/structural racism refers to laws, policies, and practices that serve to advantage white dominant groups while racialized groups are disadvantaged. Cultural/ideological racism refers to how racism is embedded in societal norms, values, imagery, language, and assumptions. This sustains racism and ideologies of inferiority toward racialized groups. Internalized racism refers to a racially oppressed person or group accepting the negative stereotypes attributed to them through dominant beliefs/cultural racism (Williams et al., 2019). (Prendergast et al., Empathy: Lived Experiences Relational…first things first Advocacy- Moving Forward “I’m not a racist” (Prendergast et al.,  Racism and Anti-racism Racist Anti-racist Believes in racial hierarchy and/or takes no action to Believes in racial equality and acts to dismantle racism. dismantle it. Believes that social problems are rooted in groups Believes that social problems are rooted in both power and of people based on race. policy and acts to challenge these. Permits racial inequities to exist and doesn’t actively Actively works to confront power and policy that maintains do anything to change them. racial inequities. (Adapted Kendi, 2019 cited in Prendergast et al., 2023) How to Be an Anti-Racist Interrogate your positionality Be courageous Do your homework Dismantle the scaffolding Institutionalize anti-racism Centre the voices of racialized people Take a political position to be anti-racism in your day- to-day activities (Prendergast et al.,  Did you What it Means to Be a Critical Ally Know? Performative, passive, and digital allyship A critical ally is one who Critical allyship actively works to fight Ongoing and active anti-Black racism and Speaking out with and among other forms of racism. peers An ally goes beyond one Amplifying Black and racialized step and one action and voices instead actively Genuine presence cultivates anti-racism Actively listens into daily life so that it Takes accountability becomes second nature. (Prendergast et al., Anti-Racist Communication in the Healthcare Environment Process of becoming anti-racist Constant awareness about how you communicate Words you use and actions you take Silence and actions you don’t take Aware of power differentials The professional environment (Prendergast et al.,  Scenarios 1. A 16-year-old Black boy, wearing baggy pants and a hoodie, comes to the hospital in severe pain with his mother, a single parent. He is admitted to the adult unit where you are working. You overhear some colleagues making comments like, “I’ve seen his kind before. He is asking for morphine. I bet he’s on drugs. That’s why he is asking for morphine. Let’s assess him after we finish seeing our other patients.” 2. A woman who is a Muslim attends her obstetrical appointment with her husband. She is wearing a hijab (head covering). Your nurse colleague asks you to distract the woman’s husband so she can ask her about her home situation and if there is any domestic violence. Your colleague is convinced that the patient must be hiding bruises behind her hijab. 3. You are in a team meeting. The manager addresses a complaint by a patient’s family claiming that their Jamaican mother is being ignored because she speaks patois, while the other patient in the bed next to their mother has an interpreter. Suddenly, the assigned nurse complains, “Why doesn’t she just speak proper English? I don’t understand a word she is saying!” Others agree and another says, “She’s living in Canada now. Why can’t these people learn to speak English? When in Canada, do what Canadians do!” Everyone agree (Prendergast et al.,  An iconic speech… Born into slavery by the name of Isabella Van Wagener Sold several times as part of the chattel where she was abused constantly She ran away to freedom with her child and fought for the freedom of her son who was wrongly sold into slavery. She worked ardently as an abolitionist and for the Women Rights Movement And with a spiritual conviction she changed her name to Sojourner Truth https://sites.manchester.ac.uk/wilnet/2018/05/28/sojourner-truth-aint-i-woman/ Ain’t I a Nurse? Reflection…