1- Intro to Computer_hardware.pptx

FBT0015/FCT0015/ FCT0035 STRUCTURED ALGORITHM & PROGRAMMING SEMESTER SEPTEMBER 2024 1 OUTLINE The Course Planner Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer 2 THE COURSE TEACHING TEAM Course Code & FBT0015/FCT0015/FCT0035 Structur...

FBT0015/FCT0015/ FCT0035 STRUCTURED ALGORITHM & PROGRAMMING SEMESTER SEPTEMBER 2024 1 OUTLINE The Course Planner Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer 2 THE COURSE TEACHING TEAM Course Code & FBT0015/FCT0015/FCT0035 Structured Name Algorithm & Programming Credit Hours 5 Units Lecture 4 Hours per Week Lab 2 Hours per Week (1 lab session*2 hours per week) Teaching Team  Afnan Amirruddin (CFS) -COURSE COORDINATOR  Email: [email protected]  Zuraini Hanim Bt Zaini (CFS) -LECTURER  Email: [email protected] 3  THE COURSE Each student should attend 2 lectures ,within his/her lecture group for SAP, every week. (Lc1 & Lc2) Starting week 3, student will need to attend 1 lab sessions every week (compulsory). THE COURSE OUTCOME Synopsis This course is designed to introduce students to computer technologies, problem solving using computers including basic techniques of designing computing solution and fundamental concepts in programming by writing COURSE OUTCOME SURVEY will be used to working programs. measure whether the OBJECTIVES are met or not Objectives Upon successful completion of this course, students should be able to: 1. explain basic concepts in computing, 2. solve problem systematically using a computer logic approach 3. develop a working computer program using programming language 6  Final Examination( 50%) THE COURSE ASSESSM Coursework Test 1 + Test 2 ENT (50%) (20%) Lab works (15%) + Lab Test (5%) Quizzes (10%) 7 THE COURSE COURSE PLANNER CHAPTER 1 LESSON OUTCOMES By the end of this chapter, student will be able to understand… COMPUTER, SYSTEM HARDWARE, DEVELOPME SOCIAL DATABASE, SECURITY & NETWORK, NT NETWORKIN BIG DATA & COMPUTER SOFTWARE G DATA ETHIC ANALYTIC 10  Computer Hardware CHAPTER 1 Computer Software OUTLINE Emerging Technologies & Ethics 11  WHAT IS A COMPUTER? Computer is an electronic machine that can receive, process or store data according to a set of instructions (computer program) and output information. input Process output 12 dat information a DATA REPRESENTATION IN COMPUTER Data is represented in digital form Two states: on (digit 1) and off (digit 0) Data in Binary Digit 0 and 1 is known as bits (11 minutes) https://yout (short for binary digit). ube/1GSjb 8 bits = 1 byte Wt0c9M 13 DATA REPRESENTATION IN COMPUTER Most popular coding schemes: American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC), UniCode In the ASCII table, value of capital letter is smaller than small letter 14  COMPUTERS Laptop, tablet, all- PERSON in-one, desktop. AL Suitable to be COMPUT ER placed on a table Smartphone, digital camera, MOBILE digital media player, e-book COMPUT reader, wearable devices, ER game console. Portable and fits by hand-carrying A special-purpose EMBEDD computer that ED functions as a COMPUT component in a ER larger product. Small 15 and embedded into devices Image from alienarena.com, techradar.com,  CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS Computer dedicated to provide service(s) to another computer in a SERVE network R Small cupboard Large, expensive, powerful server that can MAIN handle hundreds or thousands of connected FRAME users simultaneously. S Half a room to a room full Capable of processing SUPER many trillions of COMPUT instructions in a single ER second 16 A room full of equipment  “Man is still the most extraordina ry computer of all.” John F. Kennedy 17 Extracted from https://www.statista.com/statistics/264445/number-of-supercomputers-worldwide-by-countr y/ COMPONENTS (HARDWARE & SOFTWARE) 19  system unit COMPUT memory and storage ER devices HARDWA input devices RE output devices network devices 20  SYSTEM UNIT Contains all the electrical components that the computer uses to process data. 21  SYSTEM UNIT Processor (central processing unit, CPU) interprets and manages most of the computer's operation. 2 roles of CPU ❶ Direct and coordinate all computer operations (conducted by control unit), and ❷ perform arithmetic and logical operations(comparison) on data 22 (conducted by arithmetic and logic Source: Google Images  MEMORY An internal storage unit that stores: Operating system and other system software of the computer and its devices (ROM) Application programs with tasks (RAM) Data being processed by programs and its results. (RAM) 23 EXTERNAL STORAGE Image Source: Google  STORAGE DEVICES Data, instructions and information could be stored for future usage. Eg. music, movies, assignment, pictures To use, it could be transferred from storage devices to computer memory (RAM) Writing is the process of saving data, instructions or information from memory to storage medium. Reading is the process to recall data from a storage medium to memory. 24  RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (RAM) Computer Memory or RAM is an ordered sequence of storage locations or memory cells, each of which has a unique memory address. Memory cell is an individual storage location in memory. How data is stored in computer memory? Each bytes resides temporarily in memory has an address. This address is a unique number that identifies the location of the memory. 25 Image Source: Google RAM Memory cell Assigning a new data to a memory cell will destroy its previous content Page 26 of 20  Secondary MEMORY Memory Main Memory (Storage Devices) There are 2 types of main Provides semi-permanent memory data storage capability RAM – temporary storage and volatile (contents is gone when the computer is switch off) ROM – stores information permanently and NOT volatile 27  INPUT / OUTPUT DEVICES data or instructions that user or other sources gives to the computer on how INPUT it should operate Input devices accept input to computer OUTPU the useful outcome after the computer has completed its operation T Output devices transmit output from computer 28 NAME 10 INPUT DEVICES, (EXCLUDE KEYBOARD & GAME PAD..) NAME 10 OUTPUT DEVICES, (EXCLUDE SPEAKER & MONITOR) NAME A DEVICE THAT COULD ACCEPT INPUT AND ALSO SHARE OUTPUT 29  Example Of Input Devices Flatbed Handheld Magnetic Touch tablet scanner Keyboard Scanner stripe Thumbprint Microphone Mouse OMR WebScanner Cam reader 30 And many more…  Example Of Output Devices Printer Monitor Projector Speaker Headpho 3D Plotter ne Printer 31 And many more… NETWORK DEVICES Identify the network devices? Page 32 of 20 NETWORK DEVICES More devices used for wireless communication GPS units, ZigBee technology, wireless router, wireless repeater, Bluetooth Page 33 of 20  NETWORK CLIENT DEVICES SERVER MODEL Example in loading a page 1.Ask for a webpage (with a URL) 2.Your computer (client) asks another computer at that URL (server) for the information (request) 3.Request is sent to the server through a sequence of routers 4.Server decodes the request, sends back the information (response) Page 34 of 20 NETWORK DEVICES INTERNET is a network of network 2022 Page 35 of 20 NETWORK DEVICES CLOUD COMPUTING An environment that provides resources and services accessed via the Internet. Resources include email messages, schedules, music, photos, videos, games, websites, programs, web apps, servers, storage, and more. Services include accessing software, storing files online, and configuring an environment of servers for optimal performance. Instead of accessing these resources and services locally, it could be accessed on the cloud. Microsoft One Drive, Microsoft Outlook 365, Google Drive, Google Gmail and many more are making 36 use of this technology WE ARE AT THE END OF DISCUSSION FOR COMPUTER HARDWARE.. YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO DESCRIBE AND IDENTIFY INPUT DEVICES OUTPUT DEVICES SYSTEM UNIT MEMORY AND STORAGE DEVI NETWORK DEVICES TO BE 37 CONTINUED..