Global Systems Year 10 Earth and Space Science PDF

Daily Review The diagram below shows the water cycle, which you may be familiar with from HASS. From memory, how many of the blanks can you fill in? 3 2 4 1 Global Systems Year 10 Earth and Space Science ...

Daily Review The diagram below shows the water cycle, which you may be familiar with from HASS. From memory, how many of the blanks can you fill in? 3 2 4 1 Global Systems Year 10 Earth and Space Science earning ntention We are learning about global systems and processes. Success Criteria I can define the terms biosphere, CFU In your own words: atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere. what are we going to learn? I can use examples to explain how global systems are linked. ctivate Prior nowledge Within every ecosystem there are complex interactions between biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors. Think, Pair, Share: What types of living things (biotic factors) exist in ecosystems? What non-living things (abiotic factors) do they rely on? oncept CFU 1 What is the evelopment Biosphere biosphere, and what is included in it? The biosphere is every ecosystem put together: it CFU 2 is all the parts of the planet in which life exists. Give an example of It includes all living things on Earth, from the something that would not be largest plants and animals to the tiniest bacteria. considered part of It also includes the non-living things which these the biosphere. living things need to survive (e.g. land, air, water). Although the biosphere extends about 20 km from top to bottom, almost all life exists between 500 m below sea level and 6 km above sea level. oncept CFU 1 What would the evelopment Atmosphere Earth be like without an atmosphere? The atmosphere is a thin layer of gases (air) CFU 2 around the Earth. Think, Pair, Share: It provides warmth, produces weather, carries what are some specific things that sound, and protects the Earth against dangers the atmosphere from space. protects us from? Many of the gases in the atmosphere Vocabulary are essential for the organism (noun) a living thing survival of various organisms on Earth. Fun Fact The Earth has a radius of 6,371 km, but 80% of its air is located within 12 km of its surface! oncept CFU 1 Which two parts of evelopment Lithosphere the Earth make up the lithosphere? The lithosphere is the outermost solid layer of the CFU 2 Earth. It includes the crust and upper mantle. If new lithosphere is New lithosphere is continually being formed as constantly being formed, why isn’t magma (molten rock) cools and solidifies; the Earth getting bigger? however, old lithosphere is continually being destroyed as it melts into the mantle. It can be divided into the oceanic (undersea) and continental (land) lithospheres, which are each made up of CFU 3 tectonic plates. What are the two types of lithosphere, and what are they both made up of? oncept CFU 1 Other than directly evelopment Hydrosphere sustaining life, what does the The hydrosphere is all of the Earth’s water: hydrosphere do? CFU 2 saltwater, freshwater, ice, groundwater, and water Together, Antarctica vapour. and Greenland are losing over 400 Water is essential for life. The hydrosphere also billion tons of ice provides habitats for many different species and is each year. What effects might this continually shaping the Earth’s landscape. have? The frozen parts of the hydrosphere are known as the cryosphere. These parts play an important role in: Reflecting UV rays Circulating air and water throughout the world Maintaining the amount of moisture in the air ill Development / Guided Reminders biosphere: living things / actice These spheres interact to influence factors such ecosystems atmosphere: gases as the landscape, soil formation, temperature,lithosphere: solid Earth and salinity. hydrosphere: water / ice When considering these factors: 1. Identify which sphere/s are affected or being considered 2. Consider each other sphere and whether it is causing CFU 1 and/or affected CFU 2 by the factor Which sphere was Which other sphere directly affected by was affected by this the movement of change first, and in the tectonic plates? what way? CFU 3 Describe any changes to the remaining spheres. ill Development / Guided Reminders biosphere: living things / actice Soil is made up of two main ecosystems atmosphere: gases layers: the nutrient-rich lithosphere: solid Earth topsoil and the relatively hydrosphere: water / ice barren subsoil. 1. Identify which sphere/s Soil is part of the lithosphere. are affected or being considered Wind (atmosphere) and water/ice 2. Consider each other (hydrosphere) cause: sphere and whether it is CFU 1 causing erosion (the movement of soil) and/orWhich affected by the sphere is the factorsoil a part of? weathering (breaking down rocks to form more soil) CFU 2 How do the other Living things (biosphere): spheres affect the soil? extract nutrients from the soil to grow (plants) live underground (animals, bacteria, fungi) add nutrients to the soil (decomposers) ill Development / Guided Reminders biosphere: living things / actice Mountainous regions tend to have cold weather.ecosystems atmosphere: gases Weather occurs in the atmosphere. lithosphere: solid Earth hydrosphere: water / ice It includes air temperature, air pressure and wind. 1. Identify which sphere/s are affected or being It interacts with: considered 2. Consider each other elevation (how tall the sphere and whether it is mountain is) – lithosphere CFU 1 causing and/orInaffected by thedoes precipitation (usually snow) – hydrosphere factorweather occur? which sphere It affects living things (biosphere), which must CFU 2 adapt to the cold conditions, find a different habitat, How do the other or die. spheres affect the weather in the CFU 3 mountains? How is the other sphere affected by the weather in the Relevanc e Being aware of these systems and how they interact helps you to understand how Earth can sustain life. Knowing how these systems interact can help you to assess how they will be affected by large-scale changes (e.g. climate change). Even smaller changes can have beneficial or destructive effects on these spheres and their interactions. Skill Closure Identify the four main global systems and give a brief description of each. The diagram to the right shows the effects – both direct and indirect – of the reintroduction of wolves to the Yellowstone National Park in America. Choose two spheres affected by this change and describe how they are affected. ndependent ractice Complete the Earth Systems worksheet.