07 Innovation through Artificial Intelligence.pdf

Digital Thinking and Innovation CT109-3-1 Innovation through Artificial Intelligence  Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence (AI): The concept of creating computer programs or machines capable of behavior we would regard as intelligent if ex...

Digital Thinking and Innovation CT109-3-1 Innovation through Artificial Intelligence  Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence (AI): The concept of creating computer programs or machines capable of behavior we would regard as intelligent if exhibited by humans An important truth: this new technology will impact a great many things that we hold dear, from our livelihoods to our sense of self. CT109-3-1 Digital Thinking and Innovation Innovation through Artificial Intelligence SLIDE 2  Expert System System that employs human knowledge captured in a computer to solve problems that ordinarily requires human expertise. ES imitates an Expert’s reasoning processes to solve specific problems. Key word – problem solving through Thinking + Perception + Action CT109-3-1 Digital Thinking and Innovation Innovation through Artificial Intelligence SLIDE 3  Why Use Expert Systems 1. To preserve knowledge 2. Helps if expertise is scarce, expensive and unavailable 3. Helps if under time and pressure constraints – eg Medical emergencies 4. To train new employees – eg CBT (Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)) 5. To improve worker productivity – eg Ask the Expert CT109-3-1 Digital Thinking and Innovation Innovation through Artificial Intelligence SLIDE 4  Concept of Expert System 1. Experts 2. Transferring Expertise 3. Rules and Inferencing IF Face is pale AND Pulse is accelerated THEN Patient is in shock THEREFORE Help patient to lie down Raise and Support Legs Loosen tight clothing 4. Explanation Capability CT109-3-1 Digital Thinking and Innovation Innovation through Artificial Intelligence SLIDE 5  Another examples… CT109-3-1 Digital Thinking and Innovation Innovation through Artificial Intelligence SLIDE 6  Machine Learning Machine learning is a method of data analysis that automates analytical model building. It is a branch of artificial intelligence based on the idea that systems can learn from data, identify patterns and make decisions with minimal human intervention. Examples: Ø Virtual Personal Assistants. Ø Predictions while Commuting. Ø Videos Surveillance. Ø Social Media Services. Ø Email Spam and Malware Filtering. Ø Online Customer Support. Ø Search Engine Result Refining. Source: https://www.sas.com/en_us/insights/analytics/machine-learning.html CT109-3-1 Digital Thinking and Innovation Innovation through Artificial Intelligence SLIDE 7  Machine Learning The ability to learn is an important aspect of human intelligence – The question is how do people learn? – Can we program computers to learn the same way? People have been collecting and analyzing data for a long time. The new data-centric approach to AI goes by several names – Machine learning – Big data – Neural networks CT109-3-1 Digital Thinking and Innovation Innovation through Artificial Intelligence SLIDE 8  Artificial Neural Networks A computer program inspired by certain presumed organizational principles of a real neural network (such as your brain) A series of algorithms that endeavors to recognize underlying relationships in a set of data through a process that mimics the way the human brain operates. CT109-3-1 Digital Thinking and Innovation Innovation through Artificial Intelligence SLIDE 9  Examples of Artificial Neural Networks Modular Neural Networks. Feedforward Neural Network – Artificial Neuron. Radial basis function Neural Network. Kohonen Self Organizing Neural Network. Recurrent Neural Network(RNN) Convolutional Neural Network. Long / Short Term Memory. CT109-3-1 Digital Thinking and Innovation Innovation through Artificial Intelligence SLIDE 10  Frontiers of Artificial Intelligence AI Research Area and Development: – Robotics – Computer Vision – Speech Recognition – Natural Language Processing (NLP) CT109-3-1 Digital Thinking and Innovation Innovation through Artificial Intelligence SLIDE 11  Robotics Involves building machines that are capable of performing physical tasks ElliQ: Can be integrated with various messaging and social media platforms, enabling users to send and receive texts and pictures without fussing with a cellphone – Can hold conversations with patients – Remind patients to take their medications – Lead patients in light physical activities to improve physical and mental health CT109-3-1 Digital Thinking and Innovation Innovation through Artificial Intelligence SLIDE 12  Computer Vision Primarily focused on equipping computers with the ability to “see,” in the sense of interpreting visual images AmazonGo Stores: cameras are used to let employees know when something was taken off the shelves. It can also identify returned items or removed items from a shopping cart Facebook: Uses facial recognition (“DeepFace”) when automatically tagging photos that are posted to your profile CT109-3-1 Digital Thinking and Innovation Innovation through Artificial Intelligence SLIDE 13  Speech Recognition The process of converting speech signal into digital data Siri/Google Assistant/Galaxy: You can commend for the system to do perform tasks or ask questions about movies, sports, and restaurants. Each displays a beautifully formatted response and speaks in a calm voice CT109-3-1 Digital Thinking and Innovation Innovation through Artificial Intelligence SLIDE 14  Natural Language Processing (NLP) Deals with the interaction between computers and humans using the natural language Predictive Text: An input technology that facilitates typing on a mobile device by suggesting words the end user may wish to insert in a text field Google Search (RankBrain): All of our Google search queries are being run through RankBrain – Learnt which search results we like – Find pages that might not have the exact words we searched for but that we would find interesting and relevant to what we are looking for CT109-3-1 Digital Thinking and Innovation Innovation through Artificial Intelligence SLIDE 15