Global Air Circulation: Coriolis Force and Ferrel's Law

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What does Ferrel's Law demonstrate?

The speed of geostrophic flow
The impact of ocean currents on climate
The effect of Coriolis force on moving matter (correct)
The direction of wind patterns

In which direction is the deflection for moving matter in the Southern Hemisphere?

To the right
Upwards
To the left (correct)
Downwards

According to Buys Ballot, where would an observer find a low-pressure area in the Southern Hemisphere?

On their right-hand side (correct)
On their left-hand side
Behind them
In front of them

How does Earth's rotation affect moving matter like water and air?

It deflects them from their course (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the practical example used to illustrate Ferrel's and Buys Ballot's principles?

Analyzing the world's pressure belts and wind patterns (A) Signup and view all the answers

What law did William Ferrel develop that demonstrates the effect of Earth's rotation on moving matter?

Ferrel's Law on Coriolis Force (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate (DALR) and the Wet Adiabatic Lapse Rate (WALR)?

DALR applies during cooling, while WALR applies once condensation begins. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when water vapor condenses during ascent in the atmosphere?

Formation of cloud droplets (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the föhn wind as it descends?

Warm and dry (D) Signup and view all the answers

In which geographic regions are Föhn winds prevalent?

Mountainous areas (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the local name for the Föhn wind in the Rockies of North America?

Chinook (D) Signup and view all the answers

What can be a negative impact of Föhn winds aside from bringing warm, dry weather?

Droughts and forest fires (C) Signup and view all the answers

What causes the formation of high-pressure areas over water in summer?

Water remains cooler even in hot months (D) Signup and view all the answers

What leads to the emergence of cellular patterns instead of a continuous pressure belt?

Coriolis force (C) Signup and view all the answers

During which season do monsoon winds approach India from the southwest?

Summer (A) Signup and view all the answers

What marks the transition from cooler winter conditions during winter monsoons over India?

Rising temperatures exceeding 35°C (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of Föhn winds?

They occur on the windward side of mountains (A) Signup and view all the answers

What causes the formation of low-pressure areas over land in summer?

Land surfaces heat up quickly (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of monsoon rainfall on India?

Extensive flooding and water damage (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why do planetary winds blow from high pressure cells towards low pressure cells?

Pressure gradient force (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are Föhn winds known as?

Warm, dry winds (D) Signup and view all the answers

What causes the dissipation of winds during April and May in India?

Rising temperatures exceeding 35°C (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does Ferrel's law explain?

Coriolis force deflection (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the Southern Hemisphere, what will a person experience when facing the wind according to the text?

Wind blowing towards them (A) Signup and view all the answers

At which point does geostrophic balance occur according to the text?

D - Equilibrium between Coriolis and pressure gradient forces (C) Signup and view all the answers

What plays a significant role in deviating true wind from geostrophic flow?

Friction (C) Signup and view all the answers

In which atmospheric level are geostrophic winds more common?

Upper atmosphere (C) Signup and view all the answers

What limits the diagram illustrating planetary winds according to the text?

Assuming uniform Earth surface (C) Signup and view all the answers

What do planetary winds do as a result of the Coriolis force?

Deflected left or right (D) Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic distinguishes geostrophic flow from true wind in the lower atmosphere as per the information given?

Lesser impact of friction on geostrophic flow (B) Signup and view all the answers

What gets more influential due to friction as mentioned in the text?

Low pressure systems (C) Signup and view all the answers

Ferrel's Law

Ferrel's Law demonstrates the effect of the Coriolis force on moving matter, causing a deflection in its path due to Earth's rotation.

Coriolis Force Deflection in Southern Hemisphere

In the Southern Hemisphere, moving matter is deflected to the left due to the Coriolis force.

Buys Ballot's Law in Southern Hemisphere

According to Buys Ballot's Law, an observer in the Southern Hemisphere will find a low-pressure area on their right-hand side.

Earth's rotation and Moving Matter

Earth's rotation causes a deflection in the path of moving matter like air and water due to the Coriolis force.