Free Radicals and Anti-Oxidants Definition lect 6
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Free Radicals and Anti-Oxidants Definition lect 6
Quiz • 22 Questions
Study Notes
2 min • Summary
Free Radicals and Anti-Oxidants Definition lect 6 - Podcast
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List of Questions22 questions
- Question 1
- A molecule with one or more unpaired electrons in its outer orbital
- A molecule with a negative charge
- A molecule with a positive charge
- A molecule with all electrons paired in its outer orbital
- Question 2
- Carbon dioxide, water, oxygen gas
- Glucose, fructose, sucrose
- Superoxide anion radical, hydroperoxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, lipid peroxide radical
- Nitrogen, argon, helium
- Question 3
- Extreme reactivity, long life span, no generation of new ROS by chain reaction, no damage to tissues
- Low reactivity, short life span, generation of new ROS by chain reaction, damage to various tissues
- Low reactivity, long life span, no generation of new ROS by chain reaction, no damage to tissues
- Extreme reactivity, short life span, generation of new ROS by chain reaction, damage to various tissues
- Question 4
- 1-4%
- 80-90%
- 10-15%
- 50-60%
- Question 5
- Vitamin C and vitamin E
- Superoxide dismutase and uric acid
- Catalase and glutathione peroxidase
- Caffeine and ceruloplasmin
- Question 6
- They scavenge singlet oxygen
- They inhibit the propagation phase
- They act as chain breaking anti-oxidants
- They prevent the initial production of free radicals
- Question 7
- Production of lipid peroxide radical (ROO')
- Formation of R' (carbon centered radical)
- Conversion of R' to ROOH (hydroperoxide)
- Interaction of a PUFA molecule with free radicals
- Question 8
- Catalase
- Vitamin E
- Ceruloplasmin
- Caffeine
- Question 9
- Continuous production of hydroperoxide
- Production of R' (carbon centered radical)
- Formation of lipid peroxide radical (ROO')
- Conversion of R' to ROOH (hydroperoxide)
- Question 10
- Superoxide dismutase
- Vitamin E
- Vitamin C
- Ceruloplasmin
- Question 11
- Lipo-oxygenase
- Xanthine oxidase
- Aldehyde oxidase
- NADPH oxidase
- Question 12
- Xanthine oxidase
- Nitric oxide synthase
- Superoxide dismutase
- Aldehyde oxidase
- Question 13
- NADPH oxidase
- Lipo-oxygenase
- Ionizing radiation
- Light of appropriate wavelengths
- Question 14
- Catalase
- Glutathione peroxidase
- Superoxide dismutase
- Glutathione reductase
- Question 15
- Glutathione reductase
- Superoxide dismutase
- Catalase
- Nitric oxide synthase
- Question 16
- They are caused by ROS-induced tissue damage
- They are involved in pathogenesis due to ROS-induced tissue damage
- They are caused by activated macrophages producing free radicals at the inflammatory site
- They are self-disease free radicals released by neutrophils
- Question 17
- Inhibition of protein and enzyme synthesis by DNA damage
- ROS-induced tissue damage
- Free radicals causing thromboxane release and sustained vascular contracture
- Conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine and superoxide anion
- Question 18
- Conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine and superoxide anion
- Increased release of free radicals from phagocytes
- Increased production of free iron and hydroxyl radical
- Formation of singlet oxygen from photolysis of oxygen
- Question 19
- Increased release of free radicals from macrophages
- Oxidation by free radicals
- Release of free radicals from phagocytes damaging membranes by lipid peroxidation
- ROS-induced tissue damage
- Question 20
- Release of free radicals from phagocytes damaging membranes by lipid peroxidation
- ROS-induced tissue damage
- Increased vascular permeability due to leukotrienes release from platelets
- Increased production of ROS and RNS under hypoxic conditions
- Question 21
- Direct inhibition of hydroxyl radical production
- Reducing the severity of reperfusion injury
- Preventing leukotriene release from platelets and proteases release from macrophages
- Scavenging ROS to prevent tissue edema
- Question 22
- Production of singlet oxygen leading to skin diseases
- Increasing the production of free radicals in the skin
- Scavenging free radicals in the skin to reduce inflammation
- Modulating the immune response to reduce free radical production