Which of the following statements about the rate of a chemical reaction is/are correct? A) 1. The presence of a catalyst will increase the number of molecules entering the transiti... Which of the following statements about the rate of a chemical reaction is/are correct? A) 1. The presence of a catalyst will increase the number of molecules entering the transition state. B) 2. The surface area of solid reactants does not affect the reaction rate. C) 3. An increase in the concentration of reactants will increase the rate of chemical reaction. D) 4. The overall rate law is determined by the fastest step of a reaction.
Understand the Problem
The question is asking to evaluate the correctness of several statements regarding the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction. Each provided statement needs to be analyzed based on chemical principles, such as the effect of catalysts, surface area, concentration, and reaction rate laws.
Answer
A and C are correct.
The correct statements are A and C. A catalyst increases the number of molecules entering the transition state, and an increase in the concentration of reactants increases the reaction rate.
Answer for screen readers
The correct statements are A and C. A catalyst increases the number of molecules entering the transition state, and an increase in the concentration of reactants increases the reaction rate.
More Information
Catalysts provide an alternate pathway with lower activation energy for the reaction, which allows more molecules to enter the transition state. Reactant concentration affects the rate because more molecules result in more frequent collisions. Solid reactant surface area is important, as greater surface area leads to more collisions.
Tips
A common mistake is assuming a catalyst changes the energy of reactants or products, but it only provides an alternate pathway. Another mistake is thinking surface area is irrelevant for solids, but greater surface area actually increases the reaction rate.
Sources
- Factors affecting reaction rates (video) | Khan Academy - khanacademy.org
- Chemical reaction - Wikipedia - en.wikipedia.org
- CHM 112 Kinetics Practice Problems Answers - chm.uri.edu
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