What additional requirement is needed for the electrophilic bromination or chlorination of benzene, in addition to the halogen?
Understand the Problem
The question is asking about the additional requirements necessary for the electrophilic bromination or chlorination of benzene, specifically what is needed besides the halogen for the reaction to occur.
Answer
A Lewis acid.
The final answer is a Lewis acid.
Answer for screen readers
The final answer is a Lewis acid.
More Information
In electrophilic bromination or chlorination of benzene, a catalyst like a Lewis acid is necessary to form a highly electrophilic complex, which is then attacked by the benzene ring.
Tips
A common mistake is to think ultraviolet light is needed, but that is more typical in free radical halogenation, not electrophilic aromatic substitution.
Sources
- Electrophilic halogenation - Wikipedia - en.wikipedia.org
- The Halogenation of Benzene - Chemistry LibreTexts - chem.libretexts.org
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