WEEK 7: MS Word Document MS Word Document ● The standard default template used by Word is called Normal style. Notice in the 'Style' area of the 'Home' ribbon that 'Normal' has a b... WEEK 7: MS Word Document MS Word Document ● The standard default template used by Word is called Normal style. Notice in the 'Style' area of the 'Home' ribbon that 'Normal' has a blue box around it. This indicates that it is the selected style. ● By default, Word uses the values in the Normal style to control how the text is entered and how the document is displayed. ● Normal style includes page margins of one inch. The font face is Calibri and the font size is 11 point. Line spacing is set at 1.08, which inserts a small amount of white space between lines. Paragraphs are left aligned with 8 points of white space after each paragraph. Paragraph Spacing ● These options can be used to set the line spacing to a standard size or a custom size, and to increase or decrease the spacing before or after the paragraph. Fonts ● Changes to fonts and font sizes can be made using the icons in the 'Font' group. ● Font Face uses Calibri ● Font Size uses 11 point ● Two of the most common changes made to documents are the font face and font size. By default, Word uses Calibri (body) 11 point for the font. When the font face and size are selected before you start typing, the text following the insertion point will be displayed in that font. ● If you decide to change the font or size after you type, you must highlight the text before selecting the new settings from the drop-downs. Changing Case ● This feature allows you to type faster since you don’t have to shift to enter the capital letter. But sometimes you want the line to start with a lowercase letter. The 'Change Case' drop-down allows you to change text to one of the following options. Font Effects ● The two most common effects are to use a different color font and to highlight the font with a background color. ● Clicking on the 'Font Color' icon itself will apply the last setting that was used, such as a red font. Clicking on the down arrow will open up a drop-down and allow you to choose the color of the font. ● The 'Text Highlight Color' option works the same way. Format Painter ● The 'Format Painter' is a handy feature that allows you to save the formatting characteristics of a block of text and then apply it to other blocks of text or paragraphs. ● The 'Format Painter' icon displayed below is found in the 'Clipboard' group of the 'Home' ribbon. The 'Format Painter' has two modes of use: a single use and a multiple use. Changing Margins ● By default, margins of a Word document are set to one inch. This gives the document a one-inch white space around the whole document. However, we can also change the margins in the document by using the 'Layout' ribbon. ● Word has several standard margin settings that you can choose. The 'Mirrored' option makes a larger left margin on odd numbered pages, and a larger right margin on even numbered pages. This is used for documents that are printed on both sides and that are bound in a book style. Page Setup ● There is also an option to make your own custom margins. ● Clicking on this option opens up a 'Page Setup' dialog box to customize both the margins and the orientation of the page. ● You can set either standard margins that apply to every page, or mirrored ones for distinct even and odd pages. ● The 'Gutter' refers to the larger margin area for even/odd layout. Bulleted and Numbered List ● When writing a document, it is often desirable to make a list of items. This might be as simple as a two-word list. Other times, it may be necessary to have a more complex list that is made up of phrases. In addition, each item in the list may have subitems. ● In some situations, the list is simply an unordered list, and simple bullets can be used to denote each item. In other cases, specific steps or sequences may be listed, and it is important to list them by number. Bulleted Lists ● A simple list can be created in two ways. One technique is simply to position the cursor on a blank line, click the 'Bullets' icon, and start typing. ● Every time the Enter key is pressed, a new list item is created. The listed items are preceded by a bullet and indented at the first tab stop. To end the list, press either the Delete key or the Backspace key. Numbered Lists ● Numbered lists are created in a similar way to bulleted lists. The major difference is that the listed items are numbered instead of bulleted. Normally, each new paragraph is numbered; however, as mentioned earlier, it may be necessary to use several paragraphs for a single numbered item. As you build the list and create new paragraphs, each paragraph will receive a number. Inserting a Picture ● To insert a picture, simply click the 'Picture' icon on the 'Insert' ribbon. A dialog box with the folders and files on the computer will be displayed. Find the correct image, select it, and click 'Insert.' It is added to your document at the insertion point. ● If the image is too large to fit on the page, then it automatically goes to the top of a new page. Sometimes this is acceptable, but sometimes you will have to reposition or resize the image. Image Format ● When you first insert an image, a new tab and ribbon appear. This 'Format' tab contains several menu icons that can be used to manipulate the image. We will discuss a few, but you should take time to try all the icons. Word has a rich set of image-manipulation tools. Anchors, Positioning, and Text Wrapping ● Pictures are either in-line or floating in a Word document. When you first insert a picture, it is placed in-line. An in-line picture is placed in the document at the insertion point and acts just like another piece of text. If you insert a picture on a blank line, it has the characteristics of a paragraph. Shapes and Text Boxes ● On the 'Insert' ribbon in the 'Illustrations' group is an icon labeled 'Shapes.' When you click on one of the icons in the drop-down, your mouse pointer will be displayed with crosshairs that can be used to draw the shape to the size that you desire. Note that the shape you draw is an image object Adding Page Color ● Next to the 'Page Border' option on the 'Design' ribbon is the 'Page Color' option. This option allows you can add color to the whole document. Using 'Page Color' will add a solid color to the background of a page. WEEK 8: Introduction to MS Excel MS Excel ● A computer program used to create electronic spreadsheets. ● Able to organize data, create chart and perform calculations. ● Excel is a convenient program that allows user to create large spreadsheets, reference information, and allows for better storage information. ● Operates like other Microsoft Office programs and has many of the same functions and shortcuts of other MS programs. MS Excel Overview ● Each worksheet contains Columns and Rows. ● Where a column and a row intersect is called a cell. ● The tabs at the bottom of the screen represent different worksheets. Excel Cell ● The Excel Cell is the smallest unit in Excel. The cell is used to store data. Excel is comprised of rows and columns. The rows are represented as numbers, and the columns – as letters. A1 will be the first cell in a worksheet – It’s in the first column (A), and in the first row (1) Excel Range ● The Excel Range is comprised of two or more adjacent cells. These cells can be in the same row, the same column, or even in multiple rows and columns. ● Each range is represented by two cells – The top-left cell, and the bottom-right cell, separated with colons. For example, Range A3:E7 consists of the following cells: Basic Calculations with Excel ● In order to start a calculation in a cell, we will type the = sign (equals), and then type our calculation. ● These are the basic operators which can be used: ● + Add ●– Subtract ● / Divide ● * (Asterisk) Multiply ● ^ Power Cell Reference ● Excel can reference data stored in a cell and is able to perform calculations. Excel Worksheet ● The Excel Worksheet is comprised of rows and columns. ● The default Excel Worksheet contains 1,048,576 rows and 16,384 columns. ● In the following example, we have 4 different worksheets: Workbook ● A workbook is a file or a container that holds the data. ● A workbook is created by default and can contain multiple worksheets. Formulas ● Formula allows you to perform calculations. ● A formula starts with an equal sign (=) and can include cell references, operators, and functions. Functions ● Are predefined formulas that perform specific calculations. The SUM function, for instance, adds up a range of numbers. Functions are particularly useful for complex calculations and data analysis. Basic Functions ● SUM Function: Adds up a range of numbers. ● AVERAGE Function: Calculates the average of a range of numbers. ● MAX and MIN Functions: Find the highest and lowest values in a range. Charts and Graphs ● Chart Elements: Customize charts by adding titles, legends, data labels, and other elements to enhance clarity. WEEK 9: Introduction to MS Excel 2 The Origins of Spreadsheets The Concept of a Spreadsheet ● Early methods of data tracking (ledgers, paper-based systems). ● The need for a computational tool to handle large volumes of data. VisiCalc ● VisiCalc was created by Dan Bricklin and Bob Frankston in 1979. ● Revolutionized personal computing by allowing dynamic recalculations. ● Sparked the growth of spreadsheets as a category of software. Excel ● Developed by Microsoft and first released in 1985 for Macintosh computers. ● Has a user-friendly graphical interface with pull-down menus and introduced mouse support for easier navigation and selection. Excel’s Expansion to Windows ● Excel 2.0 became the first version for Microsoft Windows in 1987. ● Benefited from the rise of the Windows operating system, becoming a market leader. Importance of MS Excel ● Data Organization and Management ● Data Analysis and Insights ● Automation and Efficiency ● Business Decision-Making ● Accessibility and Versatility ● Educational and Personal Use ● Cost-Effectiveness ● Collaboration and Sharing Advantages of MS Excel ● Ease of Use ● Customizable Functionality ● Wide Integration Options ● Offline Accessibility ● Universal Compatibility ● Regular Updates ● Support for Advanced Modeling Disadvantages of MS Excel ● Time-Consuming for Complex Tasks ● Not Ideal for Real-Time Collaboration ● Difficulty in Ensuring Consistency ● Limited Data Governance ● Inefficient for Big Data ● Risk of Over-Reliance on Manual Inputs ● Not Built for Visualization ● Challenging for Team Standardization Read more