This substituent deactivates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution but directs the incoming group chiefly to the ortho and para positions.
Understand the Problem
The question is asking which substituent deactivates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution while directing incoming groups to the ortho and para positions. This relates to concepts in organic chemistry, specifically the reactivity of aromatic compounds.
Answer
F (fluorine)
The final answer is F (fluorine).
Answer for screen readers
The final answer is F (fluorine).
More Information
-F is a halogen, which deactivates the benzene ring due to its electronegative nature, yet directs electrophilic substitution to ortho and para positions.
Tips
Common mistake is to assume all deactivating groups direct substitution to meta positions; knowledge of exceptions like halogens is key.
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