Main Class Selected subclasses Type of Reaction Catalyzed OXIDOREDUCTASES • oxidases • reductases • dehydrogenases • oxidation of a substrate • reduction of a substrate • introduct... Main Class Selected subclasses Type of Reaction Catalyzed OXIDOREDUCTASES • oxidases • reductases • dehydrogenases • oxidation of a substrate • reduction of a substrate • introduction of double bond (oxidation) by formal removal of two H atoms from substrate, the H being accepted by a coenzyme TRANSFERASES • Transaminases • Kinases • transfer of an amino group between substrates • transfer of a phosphate group between substrates HYDROLASES • Lipases • Proteases • Nucleases • Carbohydrases • phosphatases • hydrolysis of ester linkages in lipids • hydrolysis of amide linkages in proteins • hydrolysis of sugar–phosphate ester bonds in nucleic acids • hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in carbohydrates • hydrolysis of phosphate–ester bonds LYASES • dehydratases • decarboxylases • deaminases • hydratases • removal of H2O from a substrate • removal of CO2 from a substrate • removal of NH3 from a substrate • addition of H2O to a substrate ISOMERASES • Racemases • Mutases • conversion of D isomer to L isomer, or vice versa • transfer of a functional group from one position to another in the same molecule LIGASES • Synthetases • Carboxylases • formation of new bond between two substrates, with participation of ATP • formation of new bond between a substrate and CO2, with participation of ATP
Understand the Problem
The question provides a list of enzyme classes, their subclasses, and the types of reactions they catalyze. It appears to be an educational summary concerning enzyme classification and enzymatic reactions.
Answer
Oxidoreductases, Transferases, Hydrolases, Lyases, Isomerases, Ligases.
Oxidoreductases catalyze reactions involving oxidation and reduction. Transferases transfer functional groups between molecules. Hydrolases hydrolyze bonds by adding water. Lyases remove or add groups to form double bonds. Isomerases rearrange molecules, and ligases join two molecules together often requiring ATP.
Answer for screen readers
Oxidoreductases catalyze reactions involving oxidation and reduction. Transferases transfer functional groups between molecules. Hydrolases hydrolyze bonds by adding water. Lyases remove or add groups to form double bonds. Isomerases rearrange molecules, and ligases join two molecules together often requiring ATP.
More Information
Enzymes are classified based on the type of reaction they catalyze, making it easier to understand their biological roles and applications.
Tips
A common mistake is confusing the types of reactions for each class. Remember that 'oxidoreductases' involve electron transfer, not just oxygen.
Sources
- Enzyme Classification - IUBMB Nomenclature - iubmb.qmul.ac.uk
- 18.5: Enzymes - Chemistry LibreTexts - chem.libretexts.org
- 19.3: Enzyme Classification - Chemistry LibreTexts - chem.libretexts.org
AI-generated content may contain errors. Please verify critical information
