Give a flow chart of the asexual phase of the life cycle of Plasmodium species. Give a flow chart of the sexual phase of the life cycle of Plasmodium species. Add a brief note on F... Give a flow chart of the asexual phase of the life cycle of Plasmodium species. Give a flow chart of the sexual phase of the life cycle of Plasmodium species. Add a brief note on Fasciola hepatica. Write a paragraph on the life cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides. Briefly describe the pre-erythrocytic cycle of Plasmodium species. Add a brief note on trematodes characteristics. Give a brief account on the classification of helminths parasites and draw a flow chart of the life cycle of Entamoeba histolytica. What are the differences between hard and soft ticks?
Understand the Problem
The question is asking for various biological information regarding the life cycles and characteristics of different organisms, specifically focusing on the Plasmodium species, Fasciola hepatica, Ascaris lumbricoides, helminths, and ticks.
Answer
Plasmodium: 1. Asexual phase in humans, 2. Sexual phase in mosquitoes. Fasciola: liver parasite. Ascaris: migratory lifecycle in humans. Ticks: Hard vs. soft differences.
For each task:
- Plasmodium Asexual Phase (Human Host): Mosquito bite -> Sporozoites enter liver -> Merozoites released into bloodstream -> Infect red blood cells -> Asexual reproduction.
- Plasmodium Sexual Phase (Mosquito Host): Mosquito ingests gametocytes -> Gametocyte fusion -> Development in mosquito gut -> Sporozoites migrate to salivary gland.
- Fasciola hepatica: Liver fluke, causes fascioliasis, found in bile ducts of mammals. Develops in water snails before infecting mammals.
- Ascaris lumbricoides: Eggs ingested -> Larvae hatch in intestines -> Migrate to lungs -> Coughed up and swallowed -> Maturation in small intestine.
- Pre-erythrocytic Cycle: Sporozoites enter liver -> Develop into schizonts -> Merozoites released into bloodstream.
- Trematodes Characteristics: Flat, leaf-like parasites, often hermaphroditic, complex life cycles involving multiple hosts.
- Helminths Classification: Divided into Nematodes (roundworms), Trematodes (flukes), and Cestodes (tapeworms).
- Entamoeba histolytica Life Cycle: Ingestion of cysts -> Excystation in intestines -> Trophozoites multiply -> Form cysts excreted in feces.
- Differences between Ticks: Hard ticks have scutum and feed slowly; soft ticks lack scutum and feed quickly.
Answer for screen readers
For each task:
- Plasmodium Asexual Phase (Human Host): Mosquito bite -> Sporozoites enter liver -> Merozoites released into bloodstream -> Infect red blood cells -> Asexual reproduction.
- Plasmodium Sexual Phase (Mosquito Host): Mosquito ingests gametocytes -> Gametocyte fusion -> Development in mosquito gut -> Sporozoites migrate to salivary gland.
- Fasciola hepatica: Liver fluke, causes fascioliasis, found in bile ducts of mammals. Develops in water snails before infecting mammals.
- Ascaris lumbricoides: Eggs ingested -> Larvae hatch in intestines -> Migrate to lungs -> Coughed up and swallowed -> Maturation in small intestine.
- Pre-erythrocytic Cycle: Sporozoites enter liver -> Develop into schizonts -> Merozoites released into bloodstream.
- Trematodes Characteristics: Flat, leaf-like parasites, often hermaphroditic, complex life cycles involving multiple hosts.
- Helminths Classification: Divided into Nematodes (roundworms), Trematodes (flukes), and Cestodes (tapeworms).
- Entamoeba histolytica Life Cycle: Ingestion of cysts -> Excystation in intestines -> Trophozoites multiply -> Form cysts excreted in feces.
- Differences between Ticks: Hard ticks have scutum and feed slowly; soft ticks lack scutum and feed quickly.
More Information
Plasmodium species employ both sexual and asexual reproduction, adapting efficiently to different hosts. Fasciola hepatica is a significant parasite due to its zoonotic potential. Ascaris lumbricoides is a common intestinal roundworm affecting millions globally.
Tips
Ensure understanding of each life cycle phase and remember vector roles in parasitic infections.
Sources
- Explain life cycle of plasmodium with diagram. - BYJU'S - byjus.com
- Life cycle of plasmodium | PPT | Free Download - SlideShare - slideshare.net
- The life cycle of malaria | Medmastery - medmastery.com
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