Describe the process of digestion of proteins in the stomach? Describe disorders of respiratory system? Draw a neat labelled diagram of pelvic girdle? Write a note on Addison's dis... Describe the process of digestion of proteins in the stomach? Describe disorders of respiratory system? Draw a neat labelled diagram of pelvic girdle? Write a note on Addison's disease and Cushing's syndrome? Explain the mechanism by which HIV multiplies and leads to AIDS?
Understand the Problem
The question is asking for a description of various biological processes and conditions, specifically the digestion of proteins, respiratory disorders, pelvic girdle anatomy, Addison's and Cushing's diseases, and the mechanism of HIV leading to AIDS.
Answer
Digestion: Proteins broken by pepsin in stomach. Respiratory: Asthma, COPD disorders. Pelvic girdle: Ilium, ischium, pubis. Addison's: Low cortisol. Cushing's: High cortisol. HIV: Integrates RNA into host DNA, leads to AIDS.
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In the stomach, protein digestion begins with the secretion of gastric juice containing hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen. Hydrochloric acid converts pepsinogen to active pepsin, which breaks down proteins into smaller peptides.
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Disorders of the respiratory system include asthma, characterized by inflamed airways; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which involves obstructed airflow; and pulmonary fibrosis, marked by lung tissue scarring.
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The pelvic girdle consists of two hip bones, each with three fused parts: ilium, ischium, and pubis. The sacrum and coccyx are part of the vertebral column's connection, supporting lower limb attachment.
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Addison's disease is caused by insufficient production of cortisol and aldosterone in the adrenal glands, leading to fatigue and low blood pressure, whereas Cushing's syndrome results from excessive cortisol, causing weight gain and hypertension.
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HIV multiplies by integrating its RNA into the host's DNA, hijacking the cellular machinery for replication. This weakens the immune system by destroying CD4 T cells, gradually leading to AIDS.
Answer for screen readers
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In the stomach, protein digestion begins with the secretion of gastric juice containing hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen. Hydrochloric acid converts pepsinogen to active pepsin, which breaks down proteins into smaller peptides.
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Disorders of the respiratory system include asthma, characterized by inflamed airways; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which involves obstructed airflow; and pulmonary fibrosis, marked by lung tissue scarring.
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The pelvic girdle consists of two hip bones, each with three fused parts: ilium, ischium, and pubis. The sacrum and coccyx are part of the vertebral column's connection, supporting lower limb attachment.
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Addison's disease is caused by insufficient production of cortisol and aldosterone in the adrenal glands, leading to fatigue and low blood pressure, whereas Cushing's syndrome results from excessive cortisol, causing weight gain and hypertension.
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HIV multiplies by integrating its RNA into the host's DNA, hijacking the cellular machinery for replication. This weakens the immune system by destroying CD4 T cells, gradually leading to AIDS.
More Information
Addison's disease often requires corticosteroid treatment, while Cushing's syndrome may need surgery or medication. HIV therapy aims to reduce viral load to undetectable levels, preventing progression to AIDS.
Tips
A common mistake is confusing the enzymes involved in protein digestion. Ensure to identify pepsin as the enzyme activated in the stomach.
Sources
- ZOOLOGY 2nd Yr Important | PDF | Genetics | Natural Selection - scribd.com
- Senior Inter Zoology Baby Bullet-Q PDF - Scribd - scribd.com
- SelfStudys - PDF - selfstudys.com
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