Describe the following information sub-systems: Preventive Health Services Information System, Hospital Information and Medical Records System, Disease Surveillance System, Populat... Describe the following information sub-systems: Preventive Health Services Information System, Hospital Information and Medical Records System, Disease Surveillance System, Population-based Community Health Information Systems, Geographic Information System, and Vital Registration System. For each sub-system: Give an example of an existing HIS, Give at least 2 important information available from the HIS needed for decision-making, Give at least 2 problems in the maintenance of the HIS Read more

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{ "Preventive Health Services Information System": { "example": "Immunization registries", "information": ["Vaccination rates among children", "Coverage of antenatal care services"], "problems": ["Incomplete data on specific interventions", "Lack of integration with other health systems"] }, "Hospital Information and Medical Records System": { "example": "Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems", "information": ["Average length of stay for patients", "Frequency of specific diagnoses"], "problems": ["Data security and privacy concerns", "Interoperability issues between different EHR systems"] }, "Disease Surveillance System": { "example": "National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS)", "information": ["Incidence rates of infectious diseases", "Geographic distribution of disease outbreaks"], "problems": ["Underreporting of cases", "Delays in data transmission"] }, "Population-based Community Health Information Systems": { "example": "Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)", "information": ["Maternal mortality rates", "Prevalence of malnutrition in children"], "problems": ["High costs of data collection", "Challenges in ensuring data quality"] }, "Geographic Information System": { "example": "HealthMapper", "information": ["Spatial distribution of health facilities", "Mapping of disease clusters"], "problems": ["Lack of trained personnel to operate the system", "Difficulty in obtaining accurate geographic data"] }, "Vital Registration System": { "example": "National Vital Statistics System (NVSS)", "information": ["Crude birth and death rates", "Causes of death"], "problems": ["Incomplete registration of births and deaths", "Inconsistencies in cause-of-death reporting"] } }