Zygote Formation and Development (Class XI)

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary location of zygote formation in organisms that undergo internal fertilization?

In the external medium, such as water
On the surface of plants
In the soil
Inside the organism's body (correct)

What type of life cycle involves the zygote dividing by meiosis to produce haploid spores?

Haplontic life cycle (correct)
Asexual life cycle
Haplodiplontic life cycle
Diplontic life cycle

Why is the zygote considered a crucial link in the continuity of species?

It is the first cell that undergoes asexual reproduction.
It can evolve independently of the parents.
It has a variable genetic makeup.
It connects organisms from one generation to the next. (correct)

Which of the following statements is true regarding the development of the zygote in fungi and algae?

<p>The zygote develops a thick wall resistant to drying and damage. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ploidy level of a zygote formed by sexually reproducing organisms?

<p>Diploid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Flashcards

Zygote

A single-celled diploid cell formed by the fusion of a haploid sperm and haploid egg. It is the beginning of a new organism in sexually reproducing species.

External fertilization

The process where the zygote forms outside of the organism's body, typically in water.

Internal fertilization

The process where the zygote forms inside the organism's body.

Zygote in fungi and algae

The zygote undergoes a period of dormancy with a protective wall, before germinating and developing.

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Zygote development in haplontic life cycle

The zygote divides by meiosis, producing haploid spores that develop into haploid individuals.

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Study Notes

Zygote Formation

The diploid zygote is universal in all sexually reproducing organisms
In organisms with external fertilization, the zygote forms in the external medium (usually water)
In organisms with internal fertilization, the zygote forms inside the organism's body

Zygote Development

Further development depends on the life cycle and environment
In fungi and algae, the zygote develops a thick, resistant wall to withstand desiccation and damage
It may enter a period of rest before germination
In organisms with a haplontic life cycle (as in Class XI), the zygote divides by meiosis to form haploid spores that grow into haploid individuals
In organisms with diplontic or haplo-diplontic life cycles, the zygote undergoes different developmental processes (consult Class XI textbook)

Zygote Significance

The zygote is a vital link, ensuring species continuity between generations
All sexually reproducing organisms, including humans, begin as a single cell—the zygote

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Description

This quiz explores the crucial processes of zygote formation and development in sexually reproducing organisms. Learn about the differences in zygote development across various life cycles and understand the significance of the zygote in species continuity. Ideal for Class XI biology students focusing on reproduction.