GI quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS)?

  • To separate the stomach from the duodenum
  • To prevent bile reflux into the stomach
  • To regulate airflow during swallowing
  • To prevent gastric reflux into the oesophagus (correct)
  • What structure is responsible for secreting digestive enzymes into the main pancreatic duct?

  • Alpha cells
  • Beta cells
  • Islets of Langerhans
  • Acinar cells (correct)
  • Which part of the small bowel is the longest?

  • Cecum
  • Duodenum
  • Jejunum
  • Ileum (correct)
  • Which layer of the gastrointestinal tract is responsible for peristalsis?

    <p>Muscularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of Kupffer cells?

    <p>Immune response and clearing microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of molecule is responsible for mediating communication between different parts of the gastrointestinal system?

    <p>Enteric hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of swallowing involves the closing of the epiglottis to protect the trachea?

    <p>Pharyngeal phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the common bile duct?

    <p>Draining bile from the gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by increased pressure in the portal system?

    <p>Portal hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a part of the digestive system?

    <p>Spleen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of digestive lipases?

    <p>Break down fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is primarily responsible for supplying the small intestine?

    <p>Superior mesenteric artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of lymph?

    <p>Proteins and fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is NOT part of the pharynx?

    <p>Epiglottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of gastric juice produced in the stomach?

    <p>To aid in protein digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating gastric juice production?

    <p>Gastrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of intrinsic factor in the stomach?

    <p>Facilitates B-12 absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the digestive process is primarily responsible for neutralizing chyme?

    <p>Duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do bile salts facilitate the absorption of lipids?

    <p>By forming micelles that transport fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the vomiting reflex?

    <p>Toxins and emotional stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type in the stomach is responsible for secreting pepsinogen?

    <p>Chief cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of cholecystokinin (CCK) on gastrin?

    <p>Inhibits gastrin release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the small intestine increases the surface area for absorption?

    <p>Plicae circulares</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary function of the large intestine?

    <p>Reabsorption of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the intestinal phase of digestion?

    <p>Chyme leaving the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fat is primarily formed into chylomicrons for absorption?

    <p>Triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin requires intrinsic factor for absorption?

    <p>Vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of pepsin in the digestive process?

    <p>Digests proteins into polypeptides</p> Signup and view all the answers

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