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Questions and Answers

In 2020, China prioritized its sovereignty conflict with Taiwan despite international distractions.

True (A)

The National Security Law in Hong Kong was seen as a move towards increased political freedom.

False (B)

China sunk a Vietnamese fishing boat in 2020 as part of its territorial disputes in the South China Sea.

True (A)

India's response to China's actions included the lifting of bans on popular Chinese apps.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

China's efforts in promoting Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) are part of its broader strategic ambitions.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

China's lack of transparency during the pandemic boosted its international credibility.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

China leveraged its market power to coerce countries into expressing gratitude for PPE.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Criticism of China's political and military behavior decreased in Western nations in 2020.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Uyghur Autonomous Region is bordered by four countries in total.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The population of the Uyghur Autonomous Region is approximately 21 million, with a significant portion being Han Chinese.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The proportion of Han Chinese in Xinjiang increased from 7 percent to 30 percent over the decades.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 'Strike Hard Campaign against Violent Terrorism' was a response to peaceful movements by the Uyghurs.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Opposition from the Han Chinese population towards the actions in Xinjiang is widespread.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Some Uyghurs have supported the effort to create an independent state called East Turkestan.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Wang Yang has expressed strong support for the suppression of traditional ethnic cultures in Xinjiang.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

China aims to encourage other countries to criticize its human rights records.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

China held its first World Internet Conference in 2014 to discuss internet sovereignty.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Beijing's 2010 white paper on the internet allowed complete freedom of speech without any restrictions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Multinational companies in China are required to store all data on international servers.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under the new Hong Kong National Security Law, Apple was warned for removing the PopVote app.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) launched its first anti-cyberterrorism exercise in 2015.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 2018, China and Russia attempted to advance a resolution in the UN General Assembly regarding climate change.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lu Wei, the head of China's Cyber Commission, took the issue of a declaration very seriously.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

China has pursued a strategy with the SCO to promote cyber-sovereignty norms for over a decade.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

China's 2020 sovereignty stance

China didn't prioritize resolving sovereignty disputes with Taiwan amidst other global issues, primarily the COVID-19 pandemic.

China's Hong Kong policy (2020)

China imposed a strict national security law in Hong Kong, demonstrating its authoritarian stance, impacting its international relations.

China's South China Sea actions

China asserted its claims in the South China Sea through military maneuvers, endangering neighbouring nations (Taiwan, Japan, etc.).

International response to China's actions

Many countries globally reacted by imposing sanctions, banning apps, and reconsidering collaborations (e.g. 5G technology), disapproving of China's policies.

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China's pandemic response (2020)

China attempted a leadership role in pandemic response by joining international efforts (like COVAX) and conducting domestic vaccination.

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China's vaccine transparency concerns

Lack of transparency surrounding vaccine trials and data hindered China's international credibility and raised public doubts.

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China's international credibility (2020)

China's lack of transparency, concerning vaccine information, negatively impacted its international reputation and standing.

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China's influence strategies

China deployed its resources to promote Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) internationally and leveraged its market to influence other countries.

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Uyghur Autonomous Region population

21 million inhabitants, roughly half Turkic Muslims and half Han Chinese.

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Han Chinese presence

Increased from 7% to 40% in Xinjiang, likely moved by Beijing.

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Uyghur-Han violence

Instances of conflict, including riots, attacks, and bombings, mostly between 2009 and 2014.

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"Strike Hard Campaign"

"Strike Hard Campaign against Violent Terrorism" by China targeting religious expressions in Xinjiang.

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Labor/re-education camps

Government-run facilities housing Uyghurs, controversially accused of abuse including torture and forced sterilization.

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Uyghur separatism

A minority of Uyghurs wanting independence for East Turkestan.

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Limited Han opposition

Little reported opposition to the situation from the Han.

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China's human rights concerns

China's desire to prevent criticism for its human rights record internationally.

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Chinese Internet Sovereignty

China's belief that each country has the right to control its own internet.

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2017 Cybersecurity Law (China)

Chinese law requiring data storage within China and allowing officials to test equipment/software.

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Internet Sovereignty

The idea that each country should control its own Internet.

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Data Localization

Storing data within a specific country, as per the 2017 Cybersecurity Law.

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SCO Cyber Cooperation

Countries' partnership to prevent and counter potential cyber threats and terrorism through activities like exercises.

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2014 World Internet Conference

China hosted a conference about internet sovereignty, wanting international support for its approach.

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Cyber Sovereignty

The concept of a nation's control of its internet use and governance.

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Apple Censorship Hong Kong

Apple's censorship of an app in Hong Kong due to a government rule.

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Study Notes

Council on Foreign Relations (CFR)

  • Independent, nonpartisan organization
  • Resource for members, officials, executives, journalists, educators, students, civic and religious leaders
  • Founded in 1921
  • Promotes understanding of world affairs and foreign policy choices
  • Diverse membership
  • Special programs for next generation of foreign policy leaders
  • Meetings in NYC, Washington, DC, and other cities
  • Studies program supporting independent research
  • Publishes Foreign Affairs
  • Sponsors Independent Task Forces
  • Website: www.cfr.org
  • CFR does not take institutional policy positions and is unaffiliated from the US government.

The World According to China

  • Book by Elizabeth Economy
  • University of Oklahoma Libraries
  • Council on Foreign Relations Book
  • Analyzes China's global ambitions

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